Kutulutsa poinsettia kapena euphorbia wokongola kwambiri ndi chizindikiro cha kutukuka ndi chitonthozo. Sizowopsa kuti chomera ichi chimatchedwanso "nyenyezi ya Khrisimasi", chifukwa ndi masiku a Khrisimasi pomwe maluwa ake, nyenyezi, zowala pamwamba pamasamba obiriwira. Mwachidziwikire, si maluwa omwe amapereka mawonekedwe okongoletsa, ali ndi ang'ono komanso osawoneka bwino, koma mabulangete omwe amawalitsa chimango ndi iwo.
Zoweta zidaziika mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mabulange ofiira, ofiira apinkoti, mandimu achikasu, oyera a kirimu, ngakhale utoto wowala. Duwa limakhala lopanda tanthauzo ndipo, ngati zinthu zofunika zimapangidwa, limakula bwino kunyumba.
Kugula poinsettia
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhala ndi udindo wogula poinsettia. Zoyeserera zilizonse zogulitsa sizitengeka nthawi zonse mmalo abwino. Chifukwa chake, musakhale ndi chiyembekezo kuti nthawi yosinthira mikhalidwe yachipinda idzakhala yosavuta. Mukamasankha chomera, choyambirira, muyenera kulabadira nthaka, yomwe siyiyenera madzi ambiri. Masamba akuyenera kukhala osaphuka - izi zikutanthauza kuti moyo wa mbewuyo wayamba kumene. Nthawi yozungulira ya poinsettia imakhala ndi maluwa ozizira, nthawi yokhala matalala komanso nthawi ya kukula.
Kunyumba, iyenera kuyikidwa pawindo lowoneka bwino, nthawi zonse popanda kukonzekera. Kutentha m'chipindacho, panthawi yophatikizira, kuyenera kukhala osachepera 16 madigiri. Poinsettia amazolowera zochitika zapakhomo kwa pafupifupi milungu itatu. Pafupifupi panthawiyi, iyenera kuikidwa mu dothi lonse ndi mchenga pang'ono ndi vermiculite yowonjezeredwa, osayiwala za kukhetsa madzi. Kutsatira malamulowa kukuthandizani kuti musangalale ndi mawonekedwe owopsa a poinsettia kwa miyezi inayi.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugula poinsettia m'nyengo yozizira m'misika, chifukwa pali mwayi wopeza mbewu yokhala ndi mizu yozizira.
Kusamalira Poinsettia Panyumba
Malo ndi kuyatsa
Poinsettia pa nthawi ya kukula amakonda malo opepuka, ngakhale malo okhala ndi dzuwa, otetezedwa ku zolemba. Popewa kugundana kwa nthaka, ndikofunikira kumasula kapena kudutsamo m'malo angapo kuti mpweya ulowemo. Kukhala mchilimwe mu mpweya watsopano wa poinsettia kumangokhala kopindulitsa.
Ngati sizingatheke kumpatsa tchuthi cha chilimwe pakhonde kapena kudziko, ndiye kuti chipinda chomwe malo okhala ndi poinsettia nthawi zambiri amayenera kuthandizidwa, kupewa kukonzekera. Ndi wopanda magetsi nthawi yachisanu, nthawi yamaluwa, chomera chimatha kutaya masamba. Chifukwa chake, madzulo, akuyenera kuwunikira. M'miyezi yophukira, maluwa a poinsettia asanatulutse, m'malo mwake, maola ofupikirako a tsiku amafunika.
Kutentha
Chomera chimafuna kutentha kosasintha, nthawi yonse yotentha komanso nthawi yozizira, osachepera 18 digiri. Kwa maluwa, kutentha kwa chipinda mkati mwa madigiri 18-25 ndi koyenera kwambiri. Pamene poinsettia limamasula (nthawi yozizira), kutentha m'chipindacho kuyenera kukhala osachepera 14-16 degrees. Pa dormancy, kutentha kwakukulu kwa duwa ndi madigiri 12-14. Poinsettia salola kutentha kusinthasintha.
Kuthirira
M'chilimwe cha poinsettia, ndikofunikira kupereka kuthirira pafupipafupi, ndipo nthawi yozizira, itatha, siziyenera kumwa madzi ambiri. Osagwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira kuthirira. Ndikofunikanso kupewa kuthilira kwamadzi padziko lapansi, chifukwa izi zidzatsogolera pakupanga zowola pamizu.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Kulephera kukula poinsettia kumatha chifukwa cha mpweya wouma kwambiri. Chinyezi chochepa chimawonongera mbewu, chimatha kutaya masamba. Kuphatikiza apo, kutentha kwambiri kwa chipinda komanso chinyezi chochepa kumathandizira kuti pakhale adani akuluakulu a poinsettia - kangaude wofiira. Chifukwa chake, kupopera mankhwala pafupipafupi ndi madzi ofunda kumakulitsa chinyezi cha mpweya ndikuthandizira polimbana ndi tizirombo.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Masabata awiri aliwonse, kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira, poinsettia amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza zovuta za feteleza. M'chilimwe, poinsettia amayenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wathunthu wamafuta kapena njira yofooka ya mullein. Panthawi yamaluwa, mmera umafunikira feteleza wa potashi wa toyesa chamaluwa a decarot.
Dothi
Kwa poinsettia, gawo lophatikiza pang'ono (pH pafupifupi 6) ndilabwino. Mulingo woyenera wa dothi: dongo-tinthu, tsamba ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi kuwonjezera kwa mchenga mogwirizana ndi 3: 2: 1: 1. Ndikofunika kusamalira chida chabwino chomera.
Thirani
Poinsettia amafunika kumuika pachaka, zomwe zimachitika bwino kwambiri mu April (Epulo-Meyi). M'mwezi wa Marichi, zimayambira ndikudula gawo lachitatu ndikusiya chomera pamalo ofunda. Ndikofunikira kuti mbewuyo ilandire kuwala kokwanira panthawiyi. Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika ndi madzi ofunda pang'ono. Masamba a poisettia amawoneka, amadzalidwa mumphika pang'ono kuposa woyamba. Pambuyo pothira, poinsettia imakonzedwanso m'malo otentha ndi kutentha kosalekeza madigiri 20 ndikuyamba kuthiriridwa mokwanira ndikumapopera.
Mphukira zatsopano zikaonekera, muyenera kusiya ma 5-6 okha mwamphamvu kwambiri, ena onse ayenera kuchotsedwa. Mphukira zodula zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zodula pofalitsa poinsettia.
Kudulira
Poinsettia ikukula mwachangu kwambiri. Kuti isakhale yayikulu, mutatha maluwa, ndikofunikira kudula pang'ono. Duwa limakongoletsedwa, kusiya masamba 10 cm kuchokera pansi. M'tsogolomu, amangokhala ndi korona wokongola.
Kufalitsa kwa Poinsettia
Poinsettia amafalitsidwa ndikudula masika ndi chilimwe. Mphukira za chomeracho zimakhala ndi madzi otsekemera, choncho ikani zodulirazo m'madzi ofunda kuti athe. Pambuyo pake, amalola kuti ome ndi kubzala m'nthaka, wopangidwa ndi peat ndi mchenga wofanana.
Popeza mizu ya poinsettia si yayikulu, iwo amawokedwa mu miphika ya lita imodzi ya 2 odulidwa, atatha kuyika muzu. Shank samayikidwanso 1 cm, apo ayi ikhoza kuvunda. Ndikofunikira kusamalira kutentha mkati mwa madigiri 24-28. Matanki okhala ndi zodulira ayenera kumakonyeka nthawi zonse ndikupumira mpweya. Mizu yodula pafupifupi masabata atatu. Kuti chomera chiziwonjezeranso nthambi, chimadulidwa.
Kukonzekera kwamaluwa ndi matalala
Kuti pachimake cha maluwa a poinsettia sichikhala chokhachokha, koma ndikusangalala ndi maluwa okongola a Khrisimasi yotsatira, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa chisamaliro chake panthawi yokhala dormancy. Pakatha maluwa masabata 6, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa - mpaka masamba amafota. Thirirani mbewu pokhapokha mutayiratu nthaka. Kumapeto kwa Marichi, zimayambira zimafupikitsidwa ndi 1/3 ndikuziika mu mphika wachipinda ndi ngalande yabwino kulowa m'nthaka kuchokera kumatalala, dothi lamasamba, kompositi kompositi, mchenga ndi peat ndi peat, otengedwa chimodzimodzi.
Mu khumi eyiti ya Seputembala, kwa masabata 8, poinsettia, masana masana amatsitsidwa kukhala maola 10. Pakumapeto kwa nthawi ino, imasamutsidwa m'malo amdima kapena yokutidwa ndi chinthu chopatsira magetsi. Izi ndizofunikira pakuyika masamba ndi madontho a bracts. Kuwala, ngakhale kufewetsa, kumachedwetsa kukula kwa impso ndikuyambitsa kukula kwa msanga.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Poinsettia nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi kuponya, kangaude komanso mealybug. Koma ngati munthawi yoti mupeze tizilomboti, ndiye kuti tichotsepo sizovuta. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kupukutira masamba ndi sopo ndi madzi, ndiye kuti muzitsuka maluwa osamba. Mukatsuka chomera mu bafa, musaiwale kuphimba dothi ndi polyethylene kapena zinthu zina zopanda madzi.
Ngati mbewu idwala ndi imvi zowola, ndiye kuti muyenera kuwononga mbali zomwe zakhudzidwazo ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena antifungal.
Kukula zovuta
- Masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndikugwa - duwa lili pakusankhidwa.
- Mabala amawoneka, inflorescence imatembenuka - madzi ambiri amagwera pamasamba.
- Masamba ndi inflorescence amagwa - akuvunda kwa mizu chifukwa chakuthirira kwamadzi m'nthaka.
- Masamba achikasu kapena a bulauni masamba, inflorescence imagwa - mpweya ndi wouma kwambiri m'chipindacho.
- Kugwa kwamwadzidzidzi kwamasamba - kutentha kwambiri kapena kuwongolera; kusowa kwa kuwala.
Ngati kamodzi poinsettia akafika kwa olima, ndiye kuti ndizosatheka kugawanika nawo. Khrisimasi iliyonse idzachitika polingalira za maluwa abwino kwambiri a nyenyezi za poinsettia.
