Pakati pazomera zamkati, pali zikhalidwe zambiri zokhala ndi makulidwe onenepa, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "botolo". Koma mtengo weniweni wa botolo ndi chinthu chimodzi chokha - dzina lalamulo "mwalamulo" ndilosowa kwenikweni, lofunika komanso loyambirira kwambiri la brachychiton. Kunja, chozizwitsa ichi chimawoneka ngati botolo laling'ono, pomwe nthambi zambiri zokongola zimasamba masamba. Ngakhale kuti mabulangeti amkati sangafanane ndi makolo awo omwe abwera kwa ife kuchokera ku Australia, izi sizimasintha munthu ngakhale atakula m'miphika. Osati brachychiton wosasangalatsa komanso wolimba, iye amawagonjetsa onse omwe amafunikira kuti zinthu zikule, komanso kukongola kwa greenery, komanso mphamvu zokopa. Kukonda kopitilira apa ndege kwawoko kwapangitsa kuti dzina la imodzi mwazomwezi zotsogola kwambiri ku Australia zizikhala mkati mwathu.
Rocky Brachychiton ku Royal Botanic Garden ku Sydney. © Eric HuntWampikisano wapadera wa ku Australia wotchedwa bonsai
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake, brachychiton samangopanga zosakanizira zilizonse za bonsai zamkati, komanso amatha kusinthitsa mitundu yokwera mtengo yomwe imafuna mapangidwe makumi mkati mwamkati, ndipo nthawi zina imaphimba iwo m'nyumba. Chomera ichi chimaphatikiza modabwitsa kukongola kwa ma silhouette ndi zambiri zowoneka bwino komanso kuthekera kuchita monga ngati mawu osaka. Palibe nyumba ina yokhala ndi thunthu yowoneka ngati botolo, ziribe kanthu kukula kwa mphukira zofanana ndi zombo, zitha kupikisana ndi brachychiton potengera chozizwitsa chaching'ono. Kutha kwa izi, kupitirira 15 m kutalika mumtundu wamtengo wamtchire, mu chikhalidwe champhika kukhala chodabwitsa komanso chaching'ono, sikudziwa kufanana. Nthawi yomweyo, brachychiton amasungirako mtundu wake wa mini kwazaka zambiri ndipo ndiye imodzi mwazomera zokhazikika pamitolo yamakono.
Brachychiton (Brachychiton) nthawi zambiri amasokonezedwa ndi mbewu zina ndi tsinde lonenepa, makamaka, ndi jatropha, koma mutapeza munthu wokongola m'nyumba mwanu, simudzayerekezeranso chikhalidwe ichi ndi omwe akupikisana nawo. Ma brachychiton mu floriculture wam'nyumba sakhala otchuka, koma kwa ambiri oyambira maluwa, banja la Sterculiaceae silikudziwika konse. Ichi ndi mbewu yomwe masamba ake ndi thunthu zake zimakongola chimodzimodzi. Botolo loyambirira, lopangidwa ndi mizu yolumikizana, thunthu la brachychitone limafanana ndi chotengera ndipo limafanana, limatha kusunga chinyezi kumunsi, thunthu lokhala ndi makungwa owoneka bwino. Koma mizu ya mtengo wamabotolo ndiyodabwitsa kwambiri. Tsinde, lamphamvu, nthawi zambiri limatuluka panthaka, limakweza mbewu ngati miyendo, zimangowonjezera kukongola kwapadera. Zipinda zamkati za nyumba nthawi zambiri zimakulidwa, kupangira zolimbitsa thupi zosiyanasiyana komanso kupindika kwa tsinde, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yamitundu yosiyanasiyana kwambiri. Koma nthawi zina zopindika zimapangidwa ndendende chifukwa cha mizu yomwe imatuluka pamwamba, womwe ndi zaka umakhala ngati mphukira imodzi.
Brachychiton wokhala ndi mitundu yambiri (Brachychiton discolor). © HaplochromisMitundu ya Brachychiton
Muchipinda chodyera pali mitundu inayi ya brachychiton. Nthawi yomweyo, mbewu zonse zimakhala zofanana ndipo zimasunga kukula kwake, ndipo nthawi zina zimayimiridwanso ndi mitundu yazifupi. Kuwasiyanitsa kumathandizira mawonekedwe a masamba ndi maluwa. Zowona, zatsopanozi kuwona m'chipindamo kapena chikhalidwe chazomera ndizosowa zomwe zitha kuyembekezedwa kwazaka zambiri. Koma m'chilengedwe, brachychitons amathanso kutalika.
- Brachychitone canonifolia (Brachychiton acerifolius) - awa ndi mitengo yobiriwira, yobiriwira yomwe imatha kukula mwachilengedwe mpaka 35 m ndi thunthu mulifupi mpaka 12 m .. Ndi yosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi inzake. Masamba amatikumbutsa za masamba a mapulo. Wonyezimira, wachikopa, zobiriwira zowala, mpaka 20cm kutalika, agawika ma loboti a 3-5 ndipo ndi mawonekedwe ake okongola amawoneka kuti amagogomezera thunthu losazolowereka komanso "lolimba". Maluwa ndi ofiira a coral ofanana ndi nyali ndipo amatengedwa mumakankhidwe amaluwa.
- Rock brachychiton (Brachychiton rupestris) ngakhale zachilengedwe ndichilengedwe chomanga bwino, chokwanira kutalika mamita 15. Chikhalidwe cha mtunduwu ndi chakuti thunthu limakulira pansi. Ndi brachychiton rock amene adalandira dzina la mtengo wa botolo chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake, ngakhale masiku ano ma brachychiton ena onse amatchedwa. Iye, mosiyana ndi masamba a mapulo, ali ndi masamba athunthu, zobiriwira zakuda, zachikopa komanso zowala.
- Variegated brachychiton (Brachychiton populneus) imasiyana ndi mitundu yina yopaka mozungulira, yotalika masentimita 10 okha, masamba okhala ndi malangizo apamwamba kwambiri, opezeka pamtengo womwewo wokhala ndi masamba ofananawo monga masamba osemedwa ogawika magawo 3-5. Maluwa mu axillary inflorescence amasiyanitsidwa ndi kamvekedwe kakang'ono ka mkati kowala ndi mtundu wakunja wowoneka.
- Brachychiton wokhala ndi mitundu yambiri (Brachychiton discolor) ikhoza kusiyanitsidwa ndi ena onse ndi ma pubescent pamwamba pa mapepala, kuyambira pansipa ndikuwongoleranso ndi zokutira yoyera. Amasiyanitsidwanso ndi gawolo kukhala ma lobes 3-7 (pomwe mabakitchi otsala, masamba amasiyanitsidwa ndi lobes 5), komanso chifukwa masamba nthawi zonse amakhala pamtunda wautali, ndipo mphukira zimangowoneka osati ndi makulidwe, komanso imvi. utoto wonyezimira wamakungwa. Mwachilengedwe, ndizosavuta kusiyanitsa mtunduwu ndi inflorescence. Amakumbukira momwe mabelu abwino kwambiri osakanizira, opaka utoto wofiirira-wofiira, amaphatikizidwa nthawi zonse pamavuto amagetsi a inflorescence.
Rock brachychiton (Brachychiton rupestris).
Variegated brachychiton (Brachychiton populneus).
Tsamba lamapulo a Brachychiton (Brachychiton acerifolius) / © botanimgKusamalira Panyumba kwa Brachychitone
Ngakhale mawonekedwe ake okongola komanso mawonekedwe akunja, ma brachychitones sangatchulidwe kuti ndiovuta kubzala. Mwa kuzolowera pang'onopang'ono komanso chisamaliro chabwino, amatha kusintha nyengo yozizira, ngakhale kuti nyengo yozizira imawazolowera. Kuthirira ndi kuvala pamwamba pamsika uwu ndiwokhazikika, zosinthika zimachitika pokhapokha ngati mbewuzo zikudziwa bwino gawo lawokha. Nthawi yomweyo, brachychiton imalekerera bwino malo owuma. M'malo mwake, chovuta chokha ndikuwonetsetsa kuti pakupezeka mpweya wabwino, chifukwa mitengo yamabotolo siyingasunthike. Masipuni apadera a mbewu iyi ndi masamba awo okongola amasangalatsa onse odziwa ntchito zamaluwa komanso odziwa maluwa chifukwa cha kukongola kwawo, chifukwa mwina pakalibe zovuta pakalimidwe. Ndipo kuphweka kwa kufalitsa kumapangitsa kuti mbewuzo zizikhala zophweka kupeza zatsopano kuchokera kumadulidwe omwe atsala mutadulira pachaka.
Kuwala kwa Brachychiton
Malinga ndi zomwe adachokera, ma brachychitons, omwe amazolowera dzuwa lotentha la Australia, amakonda masewera owala kwambiri mu chikhalidwe cha chipinda. Chomera ichi sichimangokonda malo owala mnyumba, komanso ndimakonda dzuwa. Nthawi yomweyo, kulolerana kwa kuwala kwamasana nthawi yotentha, komwe palibe chomera china chilichonse chamkati chitha kupirira, zimangotengera zomwe mbewuzo zinali zikhalidwe. Ngati brachychiton imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza kuyatsa kwambiri, ndiye kuti masana masana amatha kusiya kuyaka pamasamba. Kuti mumvetsetse ngati shading ikufunika kapena ayi, ndikokwanira kuwona momwe masamba achomera amakhalira nthawi yachilimwe kumbali yakumwera. Kwa ma brachychitons, mawindo akumwera, kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa kapena kummawa ali ofanana chimodzimodzi. Mkati mwenimweni, izi sizingakule, sizimakonda kuunikira kokumbira. Ngakhale penumbra, posatchulanso mthunzi wolimba, brachychiton salekerera ndipo nthawi yomweyo amawonetsa kusowa kwa kuwala pakusintha mtundu ndi mawonekedwe oponderezedwa. Ndikwabwino kuzolowera mtengo wamabotolo pakusintha pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono komanso nthawi yayitali ndikukhala pakati.
Kutentha kosangalatsa
Mphamvu yotentha pazomwe zimamera zachilendo ndizosavuta kusankha. M'nyengo yotentha, ma brachychitones amakonda kutentha kwambiri kuyambira madigiri 25 Celsius, amakhala omasuka kwambiri kutentha kwamtunda wama 25 mpaka 28 degrees. Koma izi zimakonda kuthera nthawi yozizira kuzizira, kumasula masamba okongola kwambiri, ngati atapatsidwa kutentha kwa madigiri 10 mpaka 16 panthawi yamvula. Koma nthawi imodzimodzi, ma brachychitones, ngakhale kutentha kumachepetsedwa pang'ono ndikusintha mpaka kupumula, kusinthasintha mwanjira yabwino kutentha kwa chipinda ndipo amatha kukula ngakhale m'malo otentha nthawi zonse pachaka. Chokhacho chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndi nyengo yachisanu yotentha ndi kuchuluka kwa chisamaliro chomera, zomwe sizingalole kuchepetsa kuthirira mpaka ochepa.
Pakulima brachychiton, chinthu chovuta kwambiri sikupereka zizindikiro za kutentha, koma kukwaniritsa chikondi cha mbewuyi kuti ikhale ndi mpweya wabwino. Brachychiton kwenikweni sangakhale ndi moyo popanda icho. Simalola kuti mpweya uzikhala m'chipindacho, umafunikira mpweya wokwanira, tsiku lililonse, ngakhale nyengo ndi ntchito yogwira m'chipindacho. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuyika exot iyi mzipinda zomwe zimathandizidwa kale, komwe kumakhala kotsegula zenera kapena khonde, kuphatikiza zizolowezi zanu ndi zokonda za mbewuyi. Ma brachychitons samawopa zojambulajambula, amafunika kutetezedwa kokha mumtsinje wamadzi ozizira nthawi yozizira.
Brachychiton wobzalidwa poyera. © weta2000nzKuthirira ndi chinyezi
Brachychitons mwadala amakhala ndi phesi lamadzi. Amatha kukukhululukirani kunyalanyaza kwawo mukachokapo, makamaka, sangakuvuteni ngati mungaphonye kamodzi kapena kwina kuthirira chifukwa chamatanganidwe antchito kapena ulendo wosayembekezeka. Inde, chisamaliro chamadongosolo mwadongosolo ndichipembedzo, ndibwino. Kuthirira mbewuyi sikofunika kwambiri. Mu nthawi ya masika-chilimwe, mabrachychiton onse amathiriridwa madzi pafupipafupi pomwe magawo omwe amawuma: zotsatirazi zimachitika pokhapokha patadutsa pamtunda pamwamba pamiphika. Koma nyengo yozizira yothirira mwachindunji zimatengera kutentha kwa mpweya mchipindacho. Ndi nyengo yozizira, brachychiton amathiriridwa madzi kambiri, kumapereka malo ouma pang'ono ndi ochepa omwe amathandizira kukula kwa mbewu. Mukakhala nyengo yachisanu m'chipinda chokhazikika, kuthirira kumangochepetsedwa pang'ono, kulola kuti dothi lakumtunda komanso lapanthawi pang'ono liume m'mapoto (ndiye kuti, likuyang'ana kwambiri zomwe zikuwonetsa mu kasupe kapena chilimwe). Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri mukasinthira kuzilamulira zam'nyengo yozizira ndi kuzizira kozizira ndikupangitsa kusintha kukhala kosavuta momwe mungathere, kuchepetsa chinyezi cha gawo lapansi pang'onopang'ono.
Samalani mtundu wamadzi. Sayenera kukhala yofewa, komanso yofunikira pa kutentha komweko ngati mpweya m'chipindacho (ikasungidwa ozizira, iyenera kuzizirira mokwanira, ndipo nthawi yotentha nthawi yotentha - pang'ono pang'onopang'ono).
Brachychitons osangalatsa kwambiri odabwitsa wakonzekereratu iwo omwe sakonda kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo ndi njira zina zowonjezera chinyezi. Chomera chimatha kugwirizana ndi chilichonse, ngakhale mpweya wouma kwambiri m'nyumba ndipo sufunikira njira iliyonse kuti iwongolere zinyezi. Chokhacho ndichothekera pa brachychiton magetsi othandizira, pafupi ndibwino kuti tisayike mbewuzo, kapena kuziteteza mwapadera ku mpweya wotentha, kuwonjezera miyesoyo ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Zakudya za brachychiton
Njira yapamwamba yovalira pamwamba ndi yoyenera kwa zosafunikira monga brachychiton. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, izi sizifunikira feteleza, ndipo kuyambira mwezi wa Marichi kudza Seputembala, kuphatikiza umuna chifukwa zimachitika kawirikawiri komanso modziletsa. Kwa chomera, pafupipafupi njira zake ndizoyenera kamodzi pakatha masabata atatu. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapadera wa fetulents kapena feteleza zovuta za brachychiton.
Kuchepetsa brachychiton. © Petros PeteKudulira brachychitons
Popeza mbewu zikuyenera kuyikidwa m'malo owala kwambiri mnyumbamo, ndizosatheka kuwonjezera kuwala kwa brachychitone chifukwa cha kuchepa kwakula kwakanthawi masana. Ndipo mbewu zathu nyengo yathuyi zimatambasuka mosasamala kanthu kuti zimasamalidwa bwino. Ndi chifukwa chomwe chimawonetsera kufunika kwa kudulira brachychiton chaka chilichonse. Chapakatikati, masana masana atayamba kuchuluka, makamaka mu February-Marichi, mphukira zazitali pamalowo ziyenera kudulidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, musathamangire kuwataya: kudula kwa brachychiton kumakhala ozika mizu ndikukulolani kuti mupeze mitengo yonse yatsopano yamabotolo chaka chilichonse. Potere, kudulira kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga korona, kuwapatsa silhouette.
Tsitsi la chomera ili ndi zake zake. Ngati mudzadula mphukira mwamphamvu, mpaka zakale, zokhala ndi masamba, ndipo musamadulire mbali zazing'onoting'onozozo, ndiye kuti kudulira kuyenera kutambasulidwa, yesani kudula mphukira imodzi nthawi. Nthambi yotsatira ikhoza kudulidwa pokhapokha zigawo zomwe zili koyambazo zikalimbikitsidwa. Nthawi yomweyo kudula tsitsi konse sikuyenera kuchitika pa mphukira zakale mulimonse.
Thirani ndi gawo lapansi
Kwa brachychitons, ndikofunikira kusankha zosakanikirana zapansi zokha ndi mpweya wokwanira mpweya. Monga lamulo, gawo lapansi limakonzedwa kuchokera ku magawo ofanana a turf ndi tsamba lamtundu, humus, peat ndi mchenga, kapena peat ndi tsamba lamasamba amasakanikirana mofanana, ndikuwonjezera mchenga wambiri.
Kubzala chomera kuyenera kuchitika pokhapokha mizu ya brachychiton ikadzaza gawo lapansi mumphika. Mchitidwe wamtunduwu wapachaka kapena wokhazikika sangapindule ndi ma brachychitons. Munthawi zonse, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kuthamanga kwa mbewu.
Chovuta chachikulu pakukula ndikukusunga khosi lomwe limakhala chakuya momwe mbewuzo zimakulira. Brachychiton sangalekerere kubzala mwakuya, koma kubzala kwapamwamba pofotokozera mizu ndikupanga chosangalatsa kwambiri thunthu, ndikuwonetsa mizu yolumikizana ndi maziko ake kuti ingachitike.
Maluso a chomera ichi ayenera kusankhidwa mosamala kwambiri. Kapangidwe ka mphika kamtengo sikugwira ntchito, koma kumbukirani kuti m'mimba mwake mulibe zambiri kuposa masentimita 5 kuchokera pamitengo yoyambira. Koma zida zomwe miphika ya brachychitone zimapangidwira zimathandiza kwambiri. Chomera ichi, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake ndikuti gawo la pansi ndi lolemera kwambiri kuposa gawo lapansi panthaka, silinakwanitse kukhazikika ndipo muli zida zadongo zokha kapena zadothi zofunikira.
Brachychiton © LourdesMatenda ndi tizirombo
Brachychiton amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazomera zosagwira bwino. M'magawo azikhalidwe, chinthu chokhacho chomwe chikuwawopseza ndikufalikira kwa zowola chifukwa chodulira madzi ambiri pamtunda kapena kubzala kochepa. Kawonedwe kazizolowezi ka zovunda pamtengo kumabweretsa kufa kwa chomera, ndizosatheka kupulumutsa.
Mavuto omwe akukula pafupipafupi:
- kuwoneka kwa kutentha kwa dzuwa chifukwa cha kusintha kowopsa kwambiri pakuwala, kusintha kuchoka pakuwunika kuyiyika kumalo otentha kumwera;
- mkhalidwe wopsinjika, wamtundu, waulesi masamba osakwanira kuwunikira, kuwononga chipinda ndi utsi wa fodya kapena chinyezi chambiri.
Maluwa a brachychitone maple tsamba (Brachychiton acerifolius). © Jan SmithKufalikira kwa brachychitons
Chifukwa chodulira pachaka, brachychiton ndiyosavuta kufalitsa ndikudula apical. Zidula zokhala ndi kutalika kwa pafupifupi 10 cm ndizoyenera kuzika mizu. Mukatha kuthandizira poyambitsa chophukacho, mutha kuzika mizu mumchenga kapena osakaniza ndi peat ndi mchenga. Kuti njirayi ikhale yopambana, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti isungidwe kutentha kwambiri mpaka madigiri 24 Celsius ndikuonetsetsa kuti ndikuphimba zodulidwazo ndi kapu kapena filimu, kumazichotsa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti zitheke.
Mbewu za Brachychiton zimafalitsidwa pafupipafupi. Kumera kumafunanso malo otentha omwewo ndi kufesa kosazama kapena kufesa pamtunda.
