Malinga ndi malingaliro omwe afala, pafupifupi mitundu 30 ya ma hyacinths amapezeka mwachilengedwe, komabe, ena amati chilichonse ndi chimodzi, kuphatikizapo mitundu yambiri. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, munda wa haunda umachokera ku hyacinth yakummawa ndi mitundu yake.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Mu mawonekedwe achilengedwe hyacinth wakummawa Ndiwofunda kwambiri mpaka 30 cm wamtali, wokhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino kapena opindika matte mpaka 20cm utoto wonyezimira wonyezimira komanso maluwa onunkhira amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Maluwa amapanga inflorescence-maburashi a zidutswa za 12-35. Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba m'masiku omalizira ndipo imatenga masiku 10-15.
Chimodzi mwazomwe zimavomerezedwa kwambiri ndi ma hyacinths ndikulekanitsidwa kwawo ndendende ndi mitundu ya maluwa. Mwachitsanzo
Pinki hyacinth - imakhala yolimbana kwambiri ndi nyengohyacinth wokondweretsedwa ndi ngale inflorescence mpaka 20 cm kutalika ndi maluwa akulu-masentimita 4.5.
Mitundu yoyambirira ya pinki - peyala ya pinki ya hyacinth - yokhala ndi inflorescence mu mawonekedwe a chulu, imakhala ndi mzere wamdima pa perianth ndipo imasiyanitsidwa ndi mabulogalamu apamwamba (mpaka 7 masentimita), amakumbukira timapepala tomwe timapangidwa.
Mwa mitundu iyi, iyeneranso kudziwika:
- hyacinth tiyi wapinki ndi apricot-salmon mthunzi wa maluwa ndi fungo labwino.
- hyacinth anna maria mpaka 25c wamtali, wokhala ndi masentimita 10 inflorescence ya pinki yofewa yamaluwa, maluwa ofika mpaka 3.5 masentimita, akutuluka kwa masiku 15, kuyambira pakati pa Epulo.
White hyacinth zoyimiriridwa ndi mitundu:
- Hyacinth carnegie yokhala ndi zoyera mpaka 22 cm wamtali ma cylindrical inflorescence;
- Hyacinth ailos - mpaka 35 cm kutalika, onunkhira ndipo, koposa zonse, kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda, zomwe zimapangitsa kusamalira ngakhale novice wosazindikira mu floriculture, ndi ena angapo.
Hyacinth buluu zimaphatikizapo mitundu monga:
- Buluu wa Hyacinth Delft, Mitundu yoyamba imadziwika ndi kutalika mpaka 23 cm, inflorescence yotalika mpaka 12 cm, maluwa akulu abuluu a 4 sentimita komanso maluwa oyambira - kuyambira pakati pa Epulo.
- Hyacinth amafunaYachiwiriyo ndiyothandiza kwambiri chifukwa cha inflorescence yonse, onunkhira kwambiri komanso yosasinthika, yopanga maluwa okongola amtambo wamtambo wabuluu wamkati, kumayang'ana dzuwa ndikutulutsa mabala amtambo-wobiriwira nthawi ya maluwa mu Epulo ndi Meyi.
- Nyenyezi ya buluu ya Hyacinth ndi ena. Mitundu yachitatuyo ili ndi maluwa abuluu wokhala ndi mzere wozungulira wokhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 4 cm, ndikupanga ma inflorescence a cylindrical, ndikuyamba kuphuka mu Epulo.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma hyacinths ndi yayikulu kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pakati pawo pali kirimu ndi wachikasumonga kalasi hyacinth mzinda wa harlem mpaka 28, kutuluka kuchokera masiku omaliza a Epulo.
Malalanjemonga hyacinth jeepsie mfumukazi onunkhira kosalekeza, woyenera bwino kutulutsa nyumba.
Maluwa huchi mpaka 15 masentimita, ali ndi utoto wa raspiberi, kuwonjezera apo, malingaliro a masamba ake amapangidwanso ndi utoto wa rasipiberi - mitundu yatsopanoyi imakhala ndi fungo labwino ndipo ndiyabwino kukakamiza.
Munda waukulu wamaluwa hyacinth kuphonya saigon yokhala ndi mapendekedwe opindika a mtundu wa lilac wosalala, imakhalanso ndi fungo lokhalitsa ndipo imadziwika kuti ndi m'modzi mwa atsogoleri mwa mbewu yophukira (nthawi yamaluwa imayamba mu Epulo) maluwa.
Zotsatira za Hyacinth 30 cm wamtali ali ndi maluwa a lilac okhala ndi mzere woyeretsa; amayamba kutuluka mu Epulo.
Ma hyacinths akunja kubzala ndi chisamaliro
Kuti mubzalire bwino ma hyacinths panthaka zathu, zinthu zingapo ziyenera kukumbukiridwa. Kubzala ndikulimbikitsidwa kukonzekera kumapeto kwa Seputembala - koyambirira kwa Okutobala, kutola mababu ang'onoang'ono, popeza akugwirizana kwambiri ndi nyengo yoipa.
Mukabzala, ndikofunikira kuwona kuya (15-18 cm) ndi cm (20 cm), ndikupanga koyambirira kukumba, kuwonjezera peat kapena kompositi yovunda. Hyacinth imafuna kuthirira, makamaka kutentha pa nthawi yophukira, maluwa ndi masabata awiri mutayamba maluwa.
Kuphatikiza pa kumasula ndikudula nthaka pamalowo, ndikofunikira kuti idakonzedwe pasadakhale (mu Ogasiti) mpaka 40 cm kuya. Humus imalowetsedwa mu kuchuluka kwa makilogalamu 10-15 pa mita imodzi.
Kuphatikizika kwa Hyacinth mutatha maluwa
Kuika mbewuzi ndi zosavuta. Kuti muchite izi, kukumba hyacinth mutatha maluwa m'chilimwe, sungani mpaka nthawi yophukira, ndiye, mu kugwa, ndikugulitsa ku tsamba lina. Mababu atamaliza kutulutsa, ndibwino kudikirira miyezi ingapo kuti ichira pakatha msamba.
Facacinth feteleza
Kudyetsa vuto la hyacinths ndikofunikira ndipo kumachitika kawiri kapena katatu nthawi yakula. Z feteleza zonse zowuma ndi zamadzimadzi ndizoyenera - mawonekedwe osungunuka amafunikira pang'ono, koma dothi liyenera kuthiriridwa madzi osaneneka, pomwe louma limabalalika ndikulowetsedwa munthaka.
Feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira kukula (superphosphate mu 15-20 g, nitrate - 20-25 g pa sq m), kenako pa budding (potaziyamu sulfate - 15-20 g, superphosphate - 30-35 g) ndipo kumapeto kwamaluwa (superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulfate - 30-35 g iliyonse). Mavoliyumu amenewa amawonjezera kamodzi ndi theka pamtunda wamchenga. Kuvala kwa nayitrogeni makamaka kumachitika mchaka ndi chirimwe.
Kodi ndiyenera kukumba ma hyacinths nthawi yachisanu
Ma hyacinth a ku Netherlands, omwe atsalira kutchire, adzaphuka kwambiri mchaka cha 2. Pamenepa, pambuyo poti chikasu cha masamba (moyenera - kumapeto kwa Juni - koyambirira kwa Julayi), mababuwo amakumbidwa, amauma, kusenda masamba, mizu ndikuwatumiza kuti akasungidwe.
Bulac Hyacinth
Kutulutsa kwamaluwa mchaka chotsatira kumatengera zosungira, chifukwa chake ziyenera kutengedwa ndi udindo waukulu.
Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, mababu amabweretsedwa m'chipinda chotsekeramo, chouma komanso chamtambo. Asanakhazikitse anyezi, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ndi zotengera zimatetezedwa ndi zouma. Ikani anyezi mu danga laling'ono m'mabokosi amatabwa, ikani ma gauze kapena matumba a nayiloni, osangokulungani pepala kuti pakhale mpweya.
Panthawi yosungirako, njira zofunika kwambiri zimapezeka mu babu, mapangidwe a masamba, masamba, mizu, masamba atsopano, motero, panthawiyi ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti boma likutentha kwambiri. M'masiku khumi oyamba mu sitolo ndikofunikira kuti mukhale kutentha kwa madigiri makumi atatu. Ndiye, mpaka pakati pa Seputembala, madigiri makumi awiri ndi atatu mpaka makumi awiri ndi asanu pamwamba pa ziro, kenako mpaka kubzala mu nthaka, pafupi madigiri khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri pamwamba pa ziro.
Hyacinth imafunikanso chisamaliro posungira mababu. Momwe ngati kutentha kwa boma kumaphwanyidwa, njira yopanga inflorescence imaphwanyidwanso, chifukwa cham'mapeto a chaka chamawa chaka chotsatira matayendedwe ofooka amawonekera ndi maluwa osiyana, nthawi zambiri amakhala osakwaniritsidwa.
Chinyezi pakusungiramo sikuyenera kupitirira makumi asanu ndi awiri peresenti; ndi chinyezi chambiri, matenda a fungus amakula msanga. Mukasunga, musaiwale kuyang'ana mababu pafupipafupi, pomwe mukukana odwala. Ngati mawanga atulutsa, mababu amapukutidwa, ndipo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nkukula, amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Kubzala ma hyacinths kunyumba
Mababu akulu amabzalidwa mumphika woyela, mpaka 10cm kukula ndi dothi loy, kotero kuti nsonga za bulbous zimakutidwa ndi m'mbali mwa mphikawo, zotsalazo ziyenera kuyikidwa pansi ndi 2/3.
Miphika imakutidwa ndi zisoti zamapepala kapena mbale zolowa ndikuyika malo abwino (6-10 ℃). Thirirani ndi madzi ozizira panthaka yowuma kwa milungu 12. Zikumera zikafika 10 cm, zimapangidwanso padzuwa.
Kumayambiriro kwa Disembala, mutha kuchotsa chivundikirocho ndikusintha gawo lililonse mumphika ndikuwindo lawindo la chipinda chopepuka. Ngakhale ndikofunikira kusunga kutentha kosachepera 23 ℃, madzi okhazikika ndi maluwa opopera mpaka chiyambi cha kuphukira. Patatha mwezi umodzi, hyacinth imaphukira kwa milungu itatu.
Kukula ma hyacinths kuchokera ku Mbewu
Ndi njira yosankhira, njira ya mbewu imakondedwa, yomwe imachepetsa kufesa mbewu kumapeto kwa Seputembala m'mabokosi okhala ndi gawo lapansi, kuphatikizapo humus, mchenga ndi dothi lamasamba molingana ndi 2: 1: 1, ndikupitilira kulima kwazizira wowonjezera kutentha kwa zaka ziwiri.
Kufalitsa kwachuma kwa ana
Zomwe zimayambira mbadwa sizimalandira cholowa cha makolo awo, momwe amateur wamaluwa amakonda njira yamasamba pang'ono. Ngakhale kuti amakhala wopanda zovuta - chaka chilichonse mutha kudalira kukula kwa ana 1-3.
Ngati ana atuluka mosavuta pa babu, adabzala ndikumera, ngati nkovuta kuwasiyanitsa, ndiye kuti babu la mabodzowo adabzala nawo limodzi.
Kufalitsa kwa Hyacinth kunyumba
Ma hyacinths akunyumba amafalitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mababu apakatikati. Choyamba, malo abwino okucha amapangidwa, kuphatikizapo kusunthira mumphika wokhala ndi dothi lapadera la ma hyacinths (ogulitsidwa m'masitolo) ndikuwazidwa pansi.
Chifukwa chake mababuwo amasiyidwa kwa masabata 8-10 m'chipinda chopanda chopanda kutentha ndi kutentha kosachepera madigiri 8 (kwakukulu, firiji ndiyabwino kwambiri), kusungabe chinyezi.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Muzochitika zachilengedwe zapakati pa thumbo, ma hyacinths sikuti amatenga matenda. Choopsa kwambiri ndikukhala kwawo mnyumbamo. Zizindikiro zakunja monga kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo kulephera kutambasula, chikaso choyambirira.
Monga njira yothanirana, kukoka kwa phosphorous komwe kumakhala kukonzekera kwa mphindi 15-20 kumagwiritsidwa ntchito musanadzale mababu. Zitsanzo zodwala zimayenera kukumba ndikuwonongeka, zotsalazo ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi othandizira okhala ndi phosphorous.
Mwa matenda omwe nthawi zambiri amawoneka bakiteriya wachikasu, yodziwika ndi kusintha kwa ziphuphu zakumaso kukhala ntchofu, kuphatikiza kununkhira konyansa. Mavuto otambasuka amalumikizidwa ndi iyo, kuphatikiza, kupezeka kwa mikwingwirima ndi mawanga pa masamba ndi masamba amizu, kuvunda kwawo.
Zigawo zonse za matenda odwala ziyenera kuwonongeka (makamaka ndi kuwotcha), ndipo dzenjemo liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi formalin (5%) kapena bulichi. Pambuyo pake, ma hyacinths amalimbikitsidwa kuti abzalidwe pamalo amodzi pokhapokha zaka zochepa.
