Ngati mwatopa ndi chaka chilichonse kudula zitsamba zokongoletsera pa chipilala, koma muyenera kupanga mthunzi wopatsa moyo, chomera cha lagenaria. Mpesa wodabwitsawu wodabwitsa ndi wokulirapo ndipo ukukula msanga: m'miyezi yowerengeka chabe, ma ulalo ataliitali adzaphimba chithandizo chonse, kupatula apo, adzakondweretsanso kukolola. Omaliza, mwa njira, ali ndi ntchito zambiri: zipatso zamitundu yosiyanasiyana sizingodyedwa zokha, komanso zopangidwa kuchokera kwa iwo zoyambirira kukongoletsa ndi ziwiya zakhitchini. Kukula lagenaria kulinso kovuta kuposa squash kapena dzungu, omwe ndi abale ake apamtima. Momwe mungachite izi, ndi mitundu yazipatso zingabzalidwe pa tsamba lanu, izi ziyanenedwa lero.
Lagenaria anabwera kwa ife kuchokera kutali ku Africa. Ndiotentha kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri imamera kumadera akum'mwera, ngakhale kuti ambiri mwamaluwa amalima bwino monga chikhalidwe cha zanyundo.
Kodi mbewu imawoneka bwanji?
Lagenaria ndi wa banja la maungu ndipo, monga oimira ake onse, ndi pachaka. Masamba a mpesa uyu ali pafupifupi ofanana ndi zukini: ndi akulu kwambiri, ozunguliridwa, okhala ndi velvet. Ma lagenari ali ndi maula aatali kwambiri, mpaka 15 m, koma mosiyana ndi zukini ndi maungu, amafunikira chithandizo, kotero mpesa nthawi zambiri umabzalidwa pafupi ndi chipilala. Chifukwa chake "mutha kupha mbalame ziwiri ndi mwala umodzi": kukongoletsa bwalo ndi masamba akuda ndi maungu owoneka bwino, ndikuwapatsanso mwayi kuti akhwime. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ngati misempha yagona pansi, zipatso zimayamba kuvunda ndipo zotsatira za ntchitoyo sizigwira ntchito. 
Zowona, mutha kuyala pansi pawo, koma muyenera kuvomereza kuti malo akuluakulu otere ndi ovuta kuphimba, ndipo sikuti nthawi zonse pamalowo pamakhala malo osavuta - ndikosavuta komanso kosavuta kukula kwa lagenaria pazothandizidwa.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti othandizira ayenera kukhala okhazikika, odalirika komanso okwera. Osangokhala kuti sabata iliyonse mphukira amatambasula mita kutalika, momwemonso kulemera kwa zipatso zamtundu wina kumatha kupitirira 10 makilogalamu, ndipo kutalika kumaposa 1 m.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti lagenaria imamasula nthawi yomweyo ngati datura kapena matthiola: inflorescence yoyera yokhala ndi maluwa onunkhira bwino pakati pa masamba dzuwa litalowa.
M'mawa wamawa tsiku lotsatira, maluwa otseguka kwathunthu amawatulutsa ndi mawonekedwe a pinki kapena kirimu wowoneka bwino, koma kenako amatembenuka ndikutseka pafupi ndi masana.
Ponena za chipatsocho, chilengedwe chake chonsecho chimachoka: nkhaka “zazitali” ...
M'mawu akuti, lagenaria imatha kudabwitsa ngakhale alimi omwe amafuna kwambiri. Osati zokhazo, ngati mungakonde, zipatsozo zitha kupatsidwa mawonekedwe ena omwe malingaliro anu amakuuzani - mukuyenera kumangiriza dzungu laling'ono ndi chingwe pamalo oyenera ndipo pang'onopang'ono limachepera.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zipatso za lagenaria?
Ma gourmet adzayamikirira maungu achichepere a Lagenaria - kukoma kwake kofanana kwambiri ndi squash. Chachikulu ndikuzisankha mu nthawi, pomwe maungu akadali ndi zamkati zofewa komanso yowonda komanso peel yopyapyala. Ngati mungadumphe mphindi iyi ndikulola kuti legenaria iyambe kucha, mnofu umakhala wolimba (m'mitundu ina umakhala ndi zowawa pambuyo pake), ndipo chipolopolo chimawuma.
Kuyambira zipatso zazing'ono mumatha kuphika zakudya zabwino zambiri:
- caviar ngati squash;
- fritters;
- mphodza wa masamba;
- saladi;
- zinthu mpunga ndi nyama ndi kuphika mu uvuni;
- zipatso;
- zipatso.
Zipatso za lagenaria zimakhala ndi katundu wapadera: ngati mudula chidutswa cha iwo, mwachitsanzo, saladi, dzungu limakulirakulirakulira, ndipo malo odulawo amangokhalira kukhazikika ndipo m'mphepete mwake mumatha.
Lagenaria ikakhwima bwino, khungu lake limakhala lolimba kwambiri kotero kuti zimakhala zosatheka kuthyola dzungu. Ngakhale kukhala kosalala mumsewu, mumitundu yambiri simakhala yofewa. 
Chifukwa cha katundu wotere, zipatso za lagenaria zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zingapo zapakhomo, monga mbale, vases, coasters, zoseweretsa, zomata ndi zida zaimbira. Ingopanga dzenje pamwamba, tulutsani zamkati pogwiritsa ntchito waya ndikuumitsa dzungu. Zakudya zokongola kwambiri zamitundu yambiri zimapezeka ngati mutasenda khungu ndi sandpaper, utoto ndi gouache ndi varnish.
Ngati mumasungira mkaka mumtsuko wa "lagenar" wotere, ndiye kuti sungasambe wowonda kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo vinyoyo amakhalabe ozizira kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mitundu yosangalatsa kwambiri ya lagenaria
Maonekedwe a chipatso cha wowononga wakunyanja amatengera mitundu yake. Nthawi zambiri pamasamba mungapeze mitundu ya lagenaria:
- calabash;
- botolo;
- zipika
- njoka;
- cobra;
- tsekwe mu maapulo;
- atsekwe;
- cylindrical;
- warty;
- chibonga;
- nduwira.
Mitundu ina ya lagenaria imadzalidwa kuti idyedwe. Zina ndizakale kwambiri mwakuti, atapachika kale pamiyendo, ndi ntchito zaluso. Amapanga zokongoletsera zokongola. Tiyeni tidziwe mitundu iyi ya mbuna mwatsatanetsatane.
Lagenaria Calebasa
Chimodzi mwazinthu zokongoletsa kwambiri, zipatso zake ndizofanana ndi chimphona, mpaka 50cm kutalika, mapeyala, koma pamwamba pake. Chifukwa cha khosi lopapatiza komanso gawo lotsika kwambiri, zopangira zabwino zimapangidwa ndi iwo. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, mutha kulima peyala ya mita iwiri, komabe, izi sizofala. Dzungu limakhazikika patatha masiku 200 mutabzala. Za kutalika kwa mikwingwirima, m'malo otentha dzuwa amatha kukula mpaka 15 m.
Botolo la Lagenaria
Zosiyanasiyana ndi zofanana ndi za Kalebi lagenaria, gawo lokhalo lamtambalo ndi lalikulu, ndipo pansi pamakhala zochepa. Botolo lagenaria ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri: kutalika kwa mabowo sikupita 3 m, ndipo maungu nawonso amakula mpaka 70 cm. Zipatso sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya, chifukwa zimakhala ndi zokometsera pang'ono, nthawi zambiri maungu amakulitsidwa kuti azikongoletsa, njira yodzala imakhala yoyambira.
M'mabuku asayansi, mitunduyi imapezeka pansi pa dzina la Botolo.
Wood Lagenaria
Zosiyanasiyana ndizoyandikira kwambiri zukini "kunyumba" ndikubwereza kwathunthu mawonekedwe ake osalala osalala, koma pokhapokha mutaganiza kuti zukini ndizopatsa chidwi kwambiri. Ngati maungu achichepere sanasiyanike ndi wachibale, ndiye kuti kutalika kwa nthawi kumafika pafupifupi 1 mita, ndipo pali zoyerekeza mpaka 2 m, pomwe zimalemera 10 kg. Zukini wopatsa chidwi, si choncho? Chitsamba chokha chimasiyanitsidwa ndi nthambi yabwino, ndipo masamba ake ali ngati masamba dzungu - ndiakulu ndipo okutidwa ndi fluff.
Serpentine Lagenaria
Uwu ndi mtundu wokongola komanso wowoneka bwino wa dzungu looneka ngati chipika - mitunduyi imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba, koma m'mimba mwa zipatsozo ndiwocheperako, ndipo iwo enieniwo amawombedwa modabwitsa ngati njoka, yomwe adadziyitanira mayina. Kutalika konse kwa njoka yotere nthawi zambiri sikukuyenda masentimita 70, ngakhale kuti imathanso kupindika pa 7 kg iliyonse. Tsamba lamtundu wamitundu yayitali, koma kukula kwa chitsamba mulinso yaying'ono: 2 m kutalika mu chomera chachikulu.
Serpentine lagenaria nthawi zambiri imakulitsidwa kuti ichite chidwi. Zipatso zazing'ono zimakhala ndi chokoma komanso chokoma, squash, mnofu ngakhale masamba omwe ali ndi phindu lotalika kuposa 50 cm.
Lagenaria cobra
Zosiyanazo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zipatso zokongola za mtundu wobiriwira wakuda wokhala ndi mawanga obiriwira owoneka bwino komanso mawonekedwe osamvetsetseka. Gawo lam'munsi la dzungu ndilolowera komanso lam'mphepete, ndipo mbali yakumtunda imapindika kumbali ndipo ndi yopyapyala, pomwe phesi lokha "khosi" limakhala lofanana ndi mutu wa njoka. Lagenaria Cobra mukulima kwanyumba kumafuna kuchuluka kwa kutentha, ndiye chifukwa chake imakonda kumera kum'mwera ndipo kokha ndi mbande, apo ayi zipatso sizikhala ndi nthawi yakucha nyengo yachisanu isanayambe.
Zosiyanasiyana sizokhala ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zokongoletsera zokha, komanso zimakhala ndi zinthu zochiritsa - zitha kuthandiza ndi kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, impso komanso thirakiti la m'mimba.
Lagenaria tsekwe mumaapulo
Zosiyanasiyana zakunja zikufanana ndi Cobra: zipatso kuchokera pansi mpaka kumapeto zimakhala ndi "khosi" lopindika, ngati tsekwe, komanso mtundu wakuda wobiriwira ndi mawanga oyera. Nthawi zambiri, maungu amakhala ndi khosi yokha, komanso palinso mitundu pomwe peduncle ikadutsa kachingwe kakang'ono, kenako lagenaria imawoneka ngati tsekwe ndi mutu. Ngati liana limakula pachithandizo, ndiye kuti khosi la maungu obowola sakhala losalala ndipo siligwada.
Mutha kusiyanitsa Goose ndi Cobra poyang'ana kumapeto kwenikweni kwa dzungu ndi phesi: mu Goose imakhala yosalala kapena kumapeto ndi "mutu", pomwe ku Cobra zipatso zimayambiranso "mutu".
Zosiyanasiyana ndizazitali, zikwapu zake zimatha kukwera mpaka 15 metres. Pafupifupi, kulemera kwa chipatso chimodzi ndi 1.5 kg kutalika kwathunthu ndi 0.5 m, koma mchaka chopindulitsa kwambiri komanso chisamaliro choyenera, nkotheka kukula zitsanzo zolemera mpaka 8 kg, zokhala ndi zidutswa 15 kuchokera ku chomera chimodzi.
Lagenaria tsekwe mumaapulo sikuti amangokhala ndi zipatso zambiri, komanso bwino kusunga zipatso. Maungu omwe adang'ambika mu Seputembala amatha kunama mpaka masika, osataya kukoma kwawo.
Lagenaria Swan
Wina "tsekwe" wina wokhala ndi zipatso zobiriwira. Amakulanso khosi lalitali, koma ndi Lebedushka nthawi zambiri limapindika kumbali, ngakhale mutayika lagenaria pa chipilala, zipatso zomwe zimapachikika zimakhala ndi khosi losalala. Zosiyanasiyana ndizokongoletsa, sizidyedwa chifukwa cha kukoma kwa maungu. Mikwingwirima imakhala yayitali, masamba ndi akulu, osalala.
Lagenaria Aese Swans
Mwanjira yazipatso, mitunduyi imakhala yofanana ndi tsekwe muma maapulo. Mutha kusiyanitsa mitundu iwiri iyi ya lagenaria poyang'ana chitsamba chomwe. Ngati Goose ndi mpesa waukulu wokhala ndi zingwe zazitali, ndiye kuti ma Geese-swans ndi mitundu yosakanikirana, chifukwa kutalika kwake sikupita mamita 1.5 Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono.
Zikumbutso zosangalatsa zingapangidwe kuchokera ku zipatso zachilendo, ndipo zukini zazing'ono, mpaka zitakula mpaka kutalika kwa 30 cm, zimadyedwa pazakudya.
Lagenaria Hostess
Zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika ndi kukula kwamphamvu komanso mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana: maungu amatha kukhala ngati botolo, peyala kapena silinda. Khosi limakhala lokwera, ngakhalenso lopindika, kapena kukwera pamwamba. Mtundu umasiyanasiyana kubiriwira pang'ono pang'ono mpaka wobiriwira pang'ono. Hostess wachichepere amakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino, zaluso zosiyanasiyana zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zipatso zakupsa.
Lagenaria cylindrical
Zosiyanasiyana ndi mtanda pakati pa njoka yooneka ngati njoka ndi chipika: zipatsozo ndi zazitali, monga poyamba, koma ndimatchulidwe, monga mitundu yachiwiri. Koma utoto nthawi zambiri umakhala wobiriwira, ngakhale pali zukini zazitali zobiriwira. Cylindrical lagenaria ali aang'ono ndiwotsekemera kwambiri mu mawonekedwe a zipatso kapena zamzitini. Kuchokera pa zipatso zamphesa kupanga mbale zokongoletsera.
Warty lagenaria
Mtundu umodzi mwabwino kwambiri, si onse omwe amatengedwa kuti akule, koma osati chifukwa cha zovuta zosamalira, koma chifukwa cha chipatso chosangalatsa, koma chosasangalatsa. Komabe, zonse ndi zomveka bwino ndi mawonekedwe a dzungu - itha kukhala yofanana, yozungulira komanso yaying'ono, kapena yayitali, koma yolimba komanso yayikulu. Kupaka utoto nthawi zambiri kumakhala laimu kapena kirimu wa lalanje. Koma chosangalatsa ndichakuti kukula kwakukulu mu mawonekedwe a warts, pafupifupi kuphimba kwathunthu lagenaria.
Kalabu ya Lagenaria
Pokwera pang'ono m'munsi mwa dzungu bwino kudutsa mu "khosi" lalitali komanso lopapatiza, lomwe limakumbutsa timadontho - Umu ndi momwe zipatso zamitundu mitundu zimawonekera. Amakhala obiriwira, okhala ndi mawanga oyera oyera, masamba a wowumbayo ndi wobiriwira, wamtali kukula kwake, tchire limamasula ndi mabelu akulu oyera. Pamalo achitetezo a dzuwa, imakhala ndi ulusi wautali, ndipo kukula kwa dzungu kumatha kutalika mpaka mamita awiri.
Lagenaria Turban
Mtundu umodzi wocheperako malinga ndi kukula kwa zipatso, chifukwa chomwe lagenaria singasokonezeke ndi mitundu ina. Maungu ang'onoang'ono amakula kutalika kwake osapitirira 40 cm ndipo amakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri zozungulira ngati zucchini yodziimira payokha, atavala wina ndi mnzake:
- Pansi pamakhala utoto wonona, wokhala ndi zingwe, koma pansi osasunthika;
- Pamwamba pake pamawoneka ngati chipewa chofiyira, ndipo m'mphepete mwake mumatuluka pang'ono.
Zosiyanasiyana zimatchulidwanso Red, Oriental kapena Turkey turkin, ndipo maungu omwewo amatha kujambulidwa ndi mikwingwirima yobiriwira, makamaka kumunsi. Lagenaria limamasula mu inflorescences zazikulu zachikaso.
Kodi kukula lagenaria?
Kubzala ndi kusamalira lagenaria sikudzayambitsa mavuto ambiri, mutapatsidwa zina zatsopano za kukula kwake. Choyamba, izi zimakhudza njira yodzala mbewu. Monga mbewu zonse za maungu, liana limafunikira kwambiri pakutentha, chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri limapezeka kum'mwera kwa mtunda, ngakhale kuli kotheka kubala zipatso zakunja mumsewu wapakati.
Kutengera malo omwe amalimidwira komanso nyengo yanyengo, nthangala zobzalidwa mwanjira imodzi yosankhira:
- Nthawi yomweyo poyera. Izi ndizovomerezeka kum'mwera kokha, chifukwa kumera kumafuna kutentha kochepa 25 madigiri akuya, kuphatikiza, zipatso ziyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yakucha isanayambe nyengo yozizira. Mbewu singabzalidwe kale kuposa Meyi m'miyala yopanda madzi, mutatha kuwaza ndi madzi otentha pang'ono ndi potaziyamu permanganate. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, ndibwino kuphimba malowo ndikutumiza filimu, kuti mphukira ziwonekere mwachangu.
- Kwa mbande. Njira ndi yoyenera gulu lapakati. Mbewu ziyenera zofesedwa mu Epulo, ndipo mu June, ndikazika mbande m'munda. Pakadali pano, tchire liyenera kukhala lokwanira 10cm. M'dzenje lirilonse, mutha kuyika pang'ono humus ndi phulusa la nkhuni.
Kukula lagenaria mu wowonjezera kutentha kumakupatsani mwayi wowerengera nthawi yakututa ndikuwonjezera inshuwaransi kuyambira nyengo yoyambilira yophukira.
Mukabzala m'mizere pakati pa tchire, ndikofunikira kuchoka pa 25 mpaka 70 cm, ndipo ndikofunikira kuti athandizire kuti liana lizitha kupindika ndipo zipatso siziyenda pansi.
Zomwe zimachitika pofesa mbewu
Mbewu za lagenaria, ngakhale ndi pachibale cha dzungu, zimasiyana pamapangidwe ndi kapangidwe kake. Amakhala okwera, mainchesi kuchokera pansi ndipo ali ndi otsetsereka pamwamba. Mikwingwirima iwiri yowala imatsatiridwa limodzi ndi mbewu. Koma peel ndiyowonda kwambiri, yolimba kuposa yamtundu wa dzungu, motero, popanda kukonzekera mwapadera, lagenaria imamera kwa nthawi yayitali.
Pali njira ziwiri zothamangitsira kuphukira kwamera:
- Mangani pamwamba mosamala.
- Zilowereretsani mbewuzo mukulumikizira kwa tsiku ndi malo kwa sabata lina lonyowa utuchi kuti kumere pa kutentha 23 digiri Celsius.
Kodi kubzala ndi momwe angasamalire lagenaria?
Liana wochokera ku banja la squash amapanga mbewu yayikulu komanso yochuluka m'malo otentha, yotetezedwa ku zolemba. M'malo otere, chitsamba chokha chimakula komanso kukhala champhamvu, pomwe masamba ndi zipatso zingakhale zochepa. Dzungu lokongoletsa limakonda nthaka yachonde yopanda ndale kapena acidity pang'ono.
Kusamalira lagenaria ndi kosavuta ndipo kumakhala ndi njira zosavuta komanso zodziwika bwino kwa wolimayo, monga:
- Ngati kulibe mvula, thirirani madzi kawiri pa sabata (zidebe ziwiri pansi pa chitsamba). Ndi chiyambi cha yophukira, zipatso zikacha, kuthirira zitha kuyimitsidwa.
- Nyengo, kudyetsa ndi mullein ndi mchere maofesi, kuwasintha.
- Ngati chithandizo sichikhala chambiri, tsinani zotsekera pambuyo pofika pafupifupi 3 m kutalika kuti chikule ndikukula. Njirayi sidzangokulitsa kukula, komanso imathandizira kuti zingwe zazimayi zikhale zowoneka bwino, ndikupatsanso mbewu.
Chitsamba chilichonse cha lagenaria chimayenera kukhala ndi chithandiziro ngati chipilala, mtengo, mpanda kapena makwerero apadera.Pamene chitsamba chikukula, mabowo amayenera kumangirizidwa kupyola mita iliyonse ndikuwongolera kuti antenna agwire.
Kuti mbeu yanu ikhale yosiyana pofalitsa lagenaria, muyenera kusiya ovary yoyamba. Kuonjezera njere mu dzungu, tikulimbikitsidwa kupaka mungu wachikazi ndi maluwa angapo amphongo. Ngati mwana wosabadwa analibe nthawi kuti akhwime, zilibe kanthu - amatha kudulidwa ndi gawo la chikwapu ndikuloledwa kucha mufiriji. Mbeu zokhwima bwino zimakhala zofiirira, ndipo zimatha kusungidwa kwa zaka 10 osataya mukumera kokwanira.
Pomaliza, ndikufuna kunena kuti lagenaria ndi masamba othandiza kwambiri panyumba yachilimwe. Kupanga mthunzi wokongola m'bwaloli, kukuthandizani kuti muwone bwino maluwa okongola ndikupuma kununkhira kwawo kokongoletsa, kukongoletsa malowa ndi zokongoletsera zabwino za zipatso zoyambirira zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zinthu zapamwamba kapena pazofunikira. Ikani chomera chapaderachi ndipo lolani anthu onse oyandikana nawo achitire nsanje!
