Aspidistra, yomwe idakhala yapamwamba zaka zana zapitazo, yatchuka kwambiri pakati pa mbewu zosatha pakati pa olima nyumba. Chikhalidwe ichi sichiopa mthunzi wakuda, kusintha kwa kutentha ndi kusakhalitsa kwakanthawi.
Masamba okhazikika a aspidistra amapirira kwambiri. Zomera komanso zachilengedwe, zomwe zimapanga makatani owoneka pansi pa mitengo yamvula, sizimakula komanso kunyumba. Masiku ano, mobwerezabwereza m'malo omwe mpweya suzizirirapo mpaka -5 ° C nthawi yozizira, katswiriyu amasangalala m'malo otseguka, ndipo amakhala wokongoletsa wobiriwira wamundawo, makulidwe a njira ndi gawo loyandikana nalo.
Kunyumba, aspidistra amadziwika kuti ndi mbuto yowuma pang'onopang'ono. Chomera chimapanga nthangala yolimba kwambiri, pomwe mizu yopatsa thanzi imachoka, masamba ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono obiriwira kapena maluwa ofiirira, omwe amakhala pansi. Kutengera mitundu ndi mitundu, masamba aaspidistra amakula mpaka 25-60 cm, ndipo mbewu zachikulire zimatha kupanga makatani mpaka theka la mita. Chifukwa chake, kukula chikhalidwe chotere m'nyumba, ndibwino kutenga miphika ndi mainchesi 15 mpaka 25 cm.
Kusamalidwa kwazomera kumatha kutchedwa kochepa. Chomera chimalekerera mosavuta kukhala mu mpweya wozizira komanso wowuma, kuisunga mumthunzi, chilala komanso kuthirira kwambiri. Ngakhale kudula amadyera kumakhalabe watsopano kwa milungu ingapo.
Ndipo komabe, ngakhale masamba ataliitali, okhala ndi mkondo wa aspidistra amatha kuwonekera pamavuto amtundu uliwonse, matenda ndi tizilombo. Mwini wa chomera amatha kudabwitsidwa ndi mawanga pamasamba, nthawi yomwe katswiriyu samakula, kapena masamba ake amakhala achikaso komanso opanda moyo.
Nthawi zambiri, kuwonongeka kwa mbeuyo kumakhala yankho ku kusowa kwa chisamaliro komanso malo osayenera omangidwa.
Popanda kusiya aspidistra amatembenuka chikasu ndi kuwuma
Aspidistra amakonda kukhala pamthunzi kapena pamthunzi, koma samakumana ndi mpweya wouma, ngati nthumwi zina zakumunda wobiriwira. Zovuta zomwe sizikuyenda bwino zimadzetsa kuti masamba a aspidistra amayamba kutembenukira chikasu kumapeto kenako pouma. Ngati chomera chili pafupi ndi pomwe pakuwombera mpweya wotentha kuchokera ku magetsi, izi zimakulirakulira.
Mutha kuwongolera zinthuzo posunthira poto kutali ndi chotenthetsera ndi kupereka chinyezi chovomerezeka cha katswiriyu.
Ogulitsa maluwa omwe amatenga mbewu kupita nazo kumunda nthawi yachilimwe amatha kudziwa kuti nsonga za masamba ndizowonongeka chifukwa cha chisanu chamadzulo. Ngati simukuchitapo kanthu, kufupika kwakanthaŵi kumakhudza magawo onse atsopano a mlengalenga. Masamba amakhala oderako ndikuuma m'mitsempha. Ndipo chifukwa cha tsamba loyambika kwa tsamba la aspidistra, masamba ake amagawanika ndipo amasiya kugwira ntchito. Dzuwa lotentha kwambiri limawononganso masamba ake ngatiaspidistra ili m'dera lotseguka mphezi.
Zida zakuthirira ndi mavalidwe apidiristra apamwamba
Aspidistra sikuti amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndikuphwanya ulimi wothirira, koma kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa kwa mbewuyo sikukuperewera. Nthawi imodzi "yangwiro", masamba a aspidistra amasanduka achikasu ndi owuma.
Ndipo chomera chimayimira kukokoloka kwa dothi ndi kubowola ndi malekezero ndi malekezero a masamba a masamba. Ndikokwanira kukhazikitsa kuti kuthana ndi matenda a aspidistra kuyime. Ndipo kuti mtsogolomo mtchire wobiriwira sukumva kusasangalala, kuthilira duwa ndikofunikira ndikamagawo lapansi mumphika mumira masentimita 3-4.
Ngati katsabola sakula, kwa nthawi yayitali palibe masamba atsopano, ndipo wakaleyu watayika ndi kutalika, mwina maluwa ali ndi vuto la kusowa kwa zakudya.
Panthawi yogwira ntchito, katswiriyu, potsatira malangizo pa feteleza wosankhidwa, amadyetsedwa kamodzi pamwezi. Zabwino koposa zonse, ngati mbewuyo ilandira njira zovuta zokongoletsera komanso zipatso zowola. Komanso, mwini wake ayenera kukumbukira kuti nayitrogeni amachititsa chomera kupanga chobiriwira chambiri. Koma kuchuluka kwa zinthuzo kumakhudzanso masamba, omwe amakhala otuwa kwambiri komanso owuma.
Wodziwika bwino maluwa amene ali ndi chidwi ndi chifukwa chake waididistra samatulutsa amatha kuyesa kudyetsa mbewuyo ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Mwina thandizoli, komanso kumasula dothi, lithandiza mawonekedwe a aspidistra ndi kuphukira masamba.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi aspidistra - madzi
Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, madzi wamba ampopi amatha kubweretsa matenda a aspidistra. Chowonadi ndi chakuti m'malo ena madzi amatuluka kuchokera pampopi amakhala ndi mchere komanso mchere wambiri. Zambiri zimavulaza zobiriwira zobiriwira, zomwe, ngati buluzi, zimayesa kuchotsa chinyezi ndi mchere womwe umasungunuka kudzera m'mbale.
Madzi akatuluka, mchere ndi michere imadzunjikana m'timabowo ta tsamba ndipo zimawapangitsa kuyaka kwamankhwala, kupangitsa kukula kufalikira. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuthirira ndi kupopera kwa aspidistra yofewa, yokhazikika, kapena madzi odutsa mu fyuluta.
Chifukwa chiyani aspidistra sikukula?
Nthawi zina aspidistra wamkulu amakula, ngakhale amamwe madzi nthawi zonse ndikusungidwa mikhalidwe yoyenera kuti mbewuyo ipite. Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani katswiriyu samapereka masamba atsopano?
Cholinga chake ndikuyang'ana mkati mumphika. Nthawi zambiri, chomeracho chathetsa mphamvu za dothi, ndipo nthambizo zakhala m'mphika wonsewo. Chifukwa chake, chiweto sichikula. Pankhaniyi, ndibwino kusamutsa aspidistra mumphika watsopano, wokulirapo, kapena kugawa dothi lachigawo m'magawo angapo, komwe mukadzasendeza tchire tambiri tomwe timapanga.
Pofuna kuti musakumane ndi vuto pamene katswiri wa thanzi labwino samatulutsa, ndizosatheka kukulitsa chizindikirocho pozula mbewu. Kupanda kutero, masamba amenewo alibe kufupikitsa, mwa mitundu yina, petiole imakula ndi mamilimita ochepa okha kuti agonjetse gawo lapansi.
Ndi mavuto enanso otani omwe angabuke kunyumba, komanso momwe mungadziwire zomwe aspidistra akudwala?
Matenda a Aspidistra
Ngati malamulo a chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro sakusamalidwa, mbewuzo zimamera ndi mizu ndi tsamba.
Anthracnose ndimatenda ofala a fungidistra, omwe amadziwika kuti masamba achikhalidwe amasanduka achikasu, kenako amasintha bulauni ndi kufa. Ngati mbewu imakhala ndi chikaso, masamba owongoka pamasamba azitsamba lokhala ndi mabowo owonjezereka pakati, osazengereza.
Masamba onse okhudzidwa ndiididistra adulidwapo, gawo la mlengalenga layimitsidwa kupopera, chifukwa mafangayi amafalikira mosangalatsa m'madontho amadzi ndipo amatha kufalikira masamba abwino ndi mbewu zapafupi. Vutoli likapitiliza, mbewuyo imadzazika ndi dothi latsopano ndikuthandizidwa ndi fungosis.
Fusarium pamasamba a aspidistra amadziwika ndi mapangidwe a foci owola pamunsi pa petiole. Koma kufa kwa masamba ndi mawonekedwe akunja okha. Rhizomes a chomera zowola ndi kuda.
Kuti muthandizire kupweteka kwa phula, amasintha ngalande, kudula madera onse ozika mizu ndi akorona, kusintha dongosolo la kuthirira ndikusankha dothi lotayirira. Ndikofunika kuthandizira chomera ndi fungicide yochokera ku mkuwa. Ndondomeko ziyenera kuchitidwa kamodzi pa sabata mpaka zizindikiro zonse za matendawa zitazimiririka.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera ku matenda oyamba ndi fungus ndi kupewa, komwe kumakhala chisamaliro chokwanira komanso kuyang'ana nthawi zonse masamba a aspidistra ndi mbewu yonse yonse. Inde, nthawi zambiri matenda oyamba ndi fungus amakhala ndi kuthilira kapena kusasamba kwina, komwe kumafooketsa miyambo. Zomera zathanzi sizimayambitsa mavuto, koma kwa nthawi yayitali komanso mofunitsitsa zimakula, zimaphukira ndikusangalatsa eni ake.
