Hornbeam ndi mtengo wochokera ku banja la birch wokhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 300. Munthawi imeneyi, imatha kukula mpaka kutalika kwa 30 metres, pomwe ili ndi mulitali wamtengo osakhala waukulu, mkati mwa masentimita 40. Imakula pafupifupi kumtunda wonse wa Europe, wogawidwa ku Asia Minor, Caucasus ndi Transcaucasia, ndi Iranian Highlands. Imamera pang'onopang'ono, ikusaka nkhalango zowala bwino. Nthawi zina mutha kupeza malo abwino obzala, ndipo ku Caucasus imakwera mpaka mamita 2000 ndi kupitirira.
Hornbeam ndi yamtundu wamankhwala okongola. Amaluwa mu Epulo-Meyi, maluwa achimuna ndi achikazi mawonekedwe amphete. Zipatso mu Seputembara-Okutobala. Zipatsozo ndizobiriwira, mtedza wonyezimira, 3-6 mm kukula kwake. Mu kilogalamu imodzi ya mtedza wokhazikika pokhapokha pakati 30 mpaka 35,000 mtedza.
Ili ndi nkhuni yolimba, yolimbana ndi. Mukukula, mbiya ya Hornbeam imagwada ndikukhala yosayenera kumanga, komabe, nkhuni zake zakhala zikuyamikiridwa kwambiri kuyambira nthawi zakale. Inkagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu, kupanga zovala zakuda ndi miyala yamiyala. Nkhuni za mtengowu zimapereka malawi osuta, omwe adalola kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito pophika makeke ndi malo ophikira mbiya. Nthambi yake yolimba komanso yolimba yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka pano popanga zida zama zida osiyanasiyana, nkhwangwa, ndi zisa zosiyanasiyana. Pakadali pano, amatulutsa cue billiard, mabatani odula, pansi, parquet, mitundu yonse ya makina ndi zinthu zina za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Ngakhale kuti Hornbeam ili yolimba komanso yolimba, popanda chitetezo chowonjezera chakunja chimataya mawonekedwe ake. Nthawi yomweyo, ndizosavuta kupaka utoto ndimankhwala ena oteteza.
Masamba, makamaka mphukira zazing'ono za mtengowu zimatha kudyetsedwa ku ziweto. Makungwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zikopa zoluka, ndipo mafuta ofunikira amatulutsidwa masamba, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu cosmetology yamakono. Mafuta amapangidwa kuchokera ku zipatso za Hornbeam, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuphika.
Mtengo sunasiyidwe popanda chidwi ndi mankhwala. Makungwa a Hornbeam ndi masamba ali ndi gawo lalikulu la ma tannins, aldehydes, gallic ndi caffeic acids, bioflavonoids, coumarins, mafuta ofunikira ndi ascorbic acid. Kuphatikizidwa kwa chipatsocho kumaphatikizapo mafuta azipamba. Ndi magazi osayenera a magazi ndi neoplasia yaubongo, kulowetsedwa kwa maluwa a mtengo uno kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mphukira zazing'ono ndi gawo limodzi la mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobala komanso mavuto ena pakubala. Momwemonso kulowetsedwa kwa masamba kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsekula m'mimba. Madzi a mtengowu ali ndi shuga komanso zinthu zambiri.
Katundu wozizwitsa mozizwitsa amapatsidwa kwa iye: malinga ndi a esotericists, amatha kupangitsa kuti munthu aziganiza, ndipo mtengo wake umalimbikitsa zochita ndi ntchito zoyenera. Kutsamira mtengo kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino mutha kukhazikitsanso mabatire anu ndikukhalabe maso komanso amphamvu kwa nthawi yayitali.
Hornbeam imafalikira ndi mbewu, koma imatha kufalitsa ndikudula ndi nthambi. Mbewu zofesedwa mutangolandira kumene mu nthawi yophukira, ndizotheka chaka chamawa. Mbewu zimasungidwa bwino pamapepala kapena m'matumba apulasitiki omwe amakhala zaka 2-3. Pankhaniyi, asanafike, ndikofunikira kuchita kukonzekera. Pazifukwa izi, zimasungidwa kutentha kwa + 20 ° C kwa masiku 15-60, kenako ndi kutentha kwa 1-10 ° C kwa masiku 90-120. Pambuyo pa izi, mbewuzo zimafesedwa nthawi yomweyo kapena kuphukira kutentha kwa + 20 ° C. Potere, mphukira yotsimikizika idzapezedwa. Kudula mizu mwachangu kwambiri. Hornbeam imakhala yolimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.
Hornbeam si yowoneka bwino malinga ndi kuwunikira: imatha kukula bwino m'malo otseguka komanso mumthunzi. Koma ndichosavuta pa dothi ndipo chimakonda kuphatilidwa bwino, ndikukhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira. Zosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu komanso zosagwira mphepo, zimasinthasintha zochitika kumatauni. Itha kulekerera kusowa kwa chinyontho, koma m'nthawi youma kwambiri kumafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse.
Zosiyanasiyana za Hornbeam
Padziko lapansi pali mitundu yoposa 30 ya mbewu iyi, yomwe yambiri imapezeka ku Asia. Europe imatha kudzitama yamitundu iwiri yokha, ndipo Russia ndi itatu yokha. Mitundu yomwe ilipo:
Caucasian Hornbeam. Amatchuka kwambiri ku Asia Minor, Caucasus, Iran, ndi Crimea. Mtengowu ndi wamtali pafupifupi 5, koma mutha kupeza zitsanzo zazikulu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kukumana ndi nkhanu zonse za nyanga ya Caucasus - mahatchi. Nthawi zambiri amakulira mdera la oak, beech ndi chestnut.
Hornbeam Seaside (wamtima). Ili ndi masamba ofanana pamunsi, chifukwa chake ili ndi dzina. Mtengo wokhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi mamitala 10 mpaka 20 mutha kupezeka ku South-East kwa Primorsky Territory, Korea, China ndi Japan. Pano amakonda malo omwe ali m'munsi mwa mapiri ataliatali kuchokera ku 200 mpaka 300 metres ndipo amakhalanso gawo lachiwiri la nkhalango zowirira. Mtengo wokongola mwapadera komanso wapadera.
Kutenga Carolinsky. Malo omwe amakhala ndi kum'mawa kwa North America. Pano ikhoza kupezeka pafupi ndi mitsinje ndi m'mbali mwa madambo. Kutalika kwake kumatha kufika mamita 5-6, ndipo mulifupi wamtali ndi 150 mm. Nthawi zambiri mutha kupeza mtundu wamtchire wa Karolinsky Hornbeam.
Hornbeam Vir. Imodzi mwa boma la Karolinsky Hornbeam ndipo imamera kumwera chakum'mawa kwa North America. Mutha kupezanso mitundu yamtchire ngati chitsamba yamitengo pafupifupi 4 ndi korona wokhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 400. Mtengo uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe. Chifukwa chakuti imakula pang'onopang'ono, imatha kukhalabe ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa kwa nthawi yayitali: kuchokera kuzungulira mpaka mraba kapena piramidi-trapezoidal. Amalekerera tsitsi ndikudula bwino kwambiri. Pobzala izi, mutha kupanga mipanda yokongoletsera bwino kapena ziboliboli zowoneka bwino, komanso kupanga zojambula zonse za malo.
Mwa mitundu ya Hornbeam wamba, mitundu ingapo yokongoletsera imadziwika.
