Radish yamafuta ndimphika wapachaka komanso chomera cha uchi. Zokhudza banja la mtanda. Ntchito bwino ngati manyowa obiriwira - manyowa obiriwira. Mbewu zodzala zimakhala ndi mafuta az masamba mpaka 50%. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika, makampani azakudya, pharmacology, cosmetology komanso popanga biofuels.
Mchenga wamafuta ndi chomera pafupifupi 1.5 mita. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe. Chipatso cha radish yamafuta ndi nyemba, yotalika masentimita 6-8, yodzazidwa ndi njere. Mosiyana ndi radish wamba, radish yamafuta sapanga mizu. Muzu wake ndi ndodo yokhazikika kumtunda wokhala ndi nthambi. Chikhalidwe chimakhala chofunikira chifukwa cholimba kwambiri ndi unyinji wobiriwira nyengo yozizira. Oyenera kubzala mochedwa nyengo yozizira. Itha kulimidwa pamadothi osalemedwa, osalimbana ndi chilala.
Mafuta amadzaza ngati siderat
Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta pang'ono ngati siderate m'zaka zaposachedwa kwapeza kufunika pokhudzana ndi kufooka kwa nthaka yayikulu.
Kuteteza dothi ndi kupindulitsa
Radish yamafuta imakhala ndi mizu yamphamvu. Muzu wautali umapereka kutuluka kwa dothi lapansi kukafika pamwamba pa michere. Wokulunga, wobiriwira wobiriwira umasinthidwa kukhala feteleza wolemera mu humus ndi organic kanthu.
Pancake sabata radish ndi imodzi mwazomera zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza nthaka kuti isakokoloke m'dzinja ndi nthawi yophukira, ndipo ngati mbewuzo sizitsukidwa nthawi yozizira, amasunga chipale chofewa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinyezi chichepetse nthaka komanso kuzizira pang'ono.
Chikhalidwechi chimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamapangidwe a dothi, kumasula ndikuwapatsanso madzi ngakhale pazitali zakuya. Zotsatira zake, chinyezi komanso mpweya wovomerezeka munthaka umachulukanso.
Kuchokera pamizu yotsalira, nthaka imalemezedwa ndi zinthu zina zam'mera. Nthawi zambiri, pa hekitala iliyonse ya nthaka imagwera:
- nayitrogeni - 85 kg;
- phosphorous - 25 kg;
- potaziyamu - 100 makilogalamu.
Makhalidwe azikhalidwe
Zomwe zili ndi mafuta ofunikira mu chomera zimathandiza kupewa tizirombo ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Radish yamafuta imagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira prophylactic ya wayaworm, nkhanu za mbatata, rhizoctaniasis, ndi nematode. Masamba owondera bwino amabisa nthaka ndikulephera kumera kwa namsongole. Mchenga wamafuta ndi mbewu yabwino yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa udzu wamphamvu monga udzu wa tirigu. Mitengo yovunda yamasamba ndi malo abwino kwambiri oswana ndi mphutsi ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe zomwe zimathandizanso dothi.
Simungagwiritse ntchito radish yamafuta ngati siderat ngati poyambira kabichi.
Mchenga wamafuta ngati chopopera
Monga mbewu yopopera, radish yamafuta imakhala yamtengo wapatali kukhwima koyambirira komanso kukolola kwakukulu. Zokolola wamba ndi 300-400 kg / ha, ndipo feteleza ukathiridwa, chizindikiro cha 700 kg / ha chikhoza kuchitika. Nthawi kuchokera kufesa mpaka kumapangidwe ndi masiku 40-50 okha. Kufikira mpaka katatu kuthekera kumatha kupangidwa nthawi iliyonse. Unyinji wobiriwira umapatsidwa chakudya chatsopano kwa ng'ombe, ma silage, haylage, briquette, ufa wa udzu nawonso umapangidwira. Silage mafuta opaka mafuta, monga lamulo, ndi zitsamba zina zapachaka, amalowetsedwa mu zosakanikirana za vetch-oat ndi pea-oat. Zomera za masamba 3-4 ndizowonjezera bwino chimanga.
Ndikofunika kulima radish yamafuta ngati mbewu yophatikizira mu chisakanizo ndi mpendadzuwa, nyemba ndi phala.
Kulima radish yamafuta kumapangitsa kuyenda kwa nyama msipu kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Zomera zamitengo zimapitilirabe ngakhale kutentha kwa + 5-6 ° C. Mchenga wamafuta sufa pomwe unaundana mpaka -4 ° C, ndipo mbewu zokhwima zimatha kulekerera kutentha mpaka -7 ° C.
Pazakudya, radish yamafuta ili ndi machitidwe ofanana ndi ma feed apakudya, nyemba, sainfoin ndi clover. Ili ndi mapuloteni ambiri - mpaka 26%. Poyerekeza: chimanga, chizindikiro ichi chili pamlingo wa 7-9%. Kuphatikiza apo, mapuloteniwo amakhala bwino mu ma amino acid. Chikhalidwe ndichopanda phosphorous, potaziyamu, calcium, magnesium, nthaka, chitsulo. Pa maluwa, kilogalamu ya nsonga imakhala ndi 30 mg ya carotene ndi 600 mg ya ascorbic acid.
Mafuta amamera ngati chomera cha uchi
Radish mafuta ndi chomera chodziwika bwino cha uchi. Ubwino wake waukulu ndi wautali maluwa (mpaka masiku 30) ndi kutulutsidwa kwa timadzi tokoma nyengo yabwino. Uchi umakololedwa kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe komanso pakati pa chilimwe, pomwe mbewu zina za uchi zimatha kale. Zabwino zake za sucrose, fructose ndi glucose ndi 20%. Uchi umakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu komanso umatha kuchiritsa kwambiri.
Chifukwa chachangu, sikulimbikitsidwa kusiya uchi mu uchi nthawi yachisanu.
Njuchi zimakonda kuyendera m'munda m'mawa ndi nyengo yotentha. M'mawa, maluwa amatuluka nthawi ya 6 mpaka 7 m'mawa.
Kukula Mafuta Opaka Mafuta
Yankho la funso "nthawi yobzala radish yamafuta" zimatengera zolinga. Kusoka ndikotheka kuyambira Epulo mpaka pakati pa Seputembala. Zokolola zapamwamba kwambiri zimaperekedwa ndi mbeu zobzalidwa mu Epulo. Pakudya komanso ngati siderat, radish imabzalidwa m'mizere pambuyo masentimita 15. Kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu ndi 2-3 g / m2. Kubzala kuya - 2-4 cm.
Zomera zam'mbuyomu zimafunanso kuti mbeu ziziwonongeka. Mukabzala pambuyo pa Ogasiti 10, zomwe zimachitika pawiri zimayamba kuwiririka, chifukwa nthawi ikamamera mbewu zimacheperachepera. Zomera zam'mbuyo sizokwanira bwino manyowa obiriwira.
Mukabzala masamba osakanikirana ndi vetch ya kasupe, mulingo wa radish ndi vetch ndi 1: 6. Ndi chiwembuchi, radish zimayambira zimagwira ntchito zothandizira pazomera zomwe zikukwera.
Pakukolola uchi ndi mbewu, radish yamafuta imabzalidwa pakati pa mizere 40 cm.
Mphukira zoyambirira zimawonekera patatha masiku 4, ndipo patatha masiku 40-50 mutha kupanga kutulutsa koyamba kwa furu. Maluwa amachitika patatha masiku 40 kumera.
Pochepetsedwa ndi mbewu yachisanu, radish imadulidwa masabata atatu musanafesere.
Kuti ziwonongeke ndikupanga humus kuchokera kuzinthu zobiriwira, ndikofunikira kuti dothi lonyowa.
Mukakonza dothi loti masika limere, radishyo imatsala kuti chisanu.
Kutola mbewu kumapangidwa kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Matumba amasunganso mawonekedwe awo, ndikuumitsa mbewu kumachitika mu vivo, yomwe imasungira mtengo wowuma.
Ku Russia, mutha kugula mbewu za mafuta zamitundu yotchuka: Sabina, Nick, Springbok, Brutus, Rainbow, Tambovchanka.
