Pazinthu zachilengedwe, mutha kupeza mitundu 15 ya maluwa oterowo. Ambiri mwaiwo ndi ku Europe, ndiye gawo lake lapakati ndi Mediterranean.
Ndipo mitundu iwiri yokha, Persian (alpine violet) ndi European (papo) imamera m'nyumba. Mutha kusiyanitsa pakati pa mitundu iwiriyi kukula - Persian ndi yayikulu kwambiri. Zomera zotere sizifunikira chisamaliro chapadera.
European cyclamen imatchedwa "alpine violet." M'chaka chonse, akumva bwino kwambiri pawindo m'nyumba, munyengo ya kutentha + 18 ... +20 degrees. Osamangirizidwa ndi chizindikiro chinyezi.
Amaluwa kwambiri kuyambira masika mpaka nthawi yophukira. Poyerekeza ndi cyclamen yaku Persia, izi sizipezeka kawirikawiri m'misika yamaluwa. Otsirizawa akutanthauza mitundu ya makolo kwa mitundu yambiri yamakono.
Chisamaliro cha cyclamen Kunyumba
Kutentha, malo ndi kuyatsa
Mchenga amakonda kukhala ndi kuwala kozungulira pomuzungulira, koma kuwonekera pakatikati ndi dzuwa sikofunikira kwa iye, ndibwino kuwabisira maluwa.
M'nyengo yozizira, chipinda chimalimbikitsidwa chifukwa cha mbewu yotere, pomwe mpweya umawotha madigiri 12 okha, osakweza komanso wowunikira bwino. M'chilimwe, kutentha kwa chipinda kumakhala koyenera kuti maluwa azikula.
Ma cyclamen azungu alibe nthawi yopuma bwino, nthawi zambiri samakhala nthawi yozizira, koma sizingamupweteke. Izi, zimasiyana ndi ma alpine violets, omwe, pambuyo pa maluwa (Meyi-June) amapumula ndikuyamba kutaya masamba.
Malo abwino kwambiri a cyclamen ndi mazenera akum'mawa ndi kumadzulo. Ngati mbewuyo ili kumbali yakumwera, ndikofunikira kuiteteza ku dzuwa. Chipinda chomwe cyclamen chimakula chizikhala ndi mpweya wokwanira.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Cyclamen ndi chomera chomwe chimakonda chinyezi chambiri. Mukukula, masamba amafunikira kuti ufewe. Cyclamen itangoyamba kuphuka, kupopera mbewu mankhwalanso sikofunikira.
Kuti muwonjezere cholozera chinyezi, mutha kupanga chifunga chamadzi pafupi ndi chomera. Mutha kuyiyika pa pallet ndi miyala yonyowa. M'nyengo yozizira, cyclamen iyenera kuyikidwa patali kwambiri kuchokera pakati mabatire.
Kuthirira
Pa nthawi ya maluwa, muyenera kuthirira kuti madzi asagwere pamizu. Ndikofunikira kugawa chinyezi mogwirizana kuti pasakhale kusefukira, kapena, kuti singayeretse chotupa.
Mitundu ya chomera cha ku Persia panthawi yogontha iyenera kuthiriridwa pang'ono, koma iyenera kuthandizidwa kuti nthaka isume, pomwe ina ya ku Europe imamwetsa madzi chaka chomwecho.
Thirani
Alpine violets amawazika pamene masamba atsopano awonekera pa iyo (kumapeto kwa June). Ndi European, izi ziyenera kuchitika kumayambiriro kasupe (Marichi-Epulo) ndi kuziika chaka chilichonse.
Ndikofunika kupangira mbewu pamalo otsika komanso lokwanira.
Poika mbewu, ndikofunikira kuganizira mfundo imodzi, kuti mizu ya cyclamen yofiirira imakutidwa ndi dothi, ndipo ku Persian mizu imabisika pansi ndi theka. Kenako, kufikira mizu itazika mizu, kuthilira sikuyenera kukhala kambiri, koma, kenako ndikuwonjezera madziwo.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Umuna wathunthu wama mchere, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maluwa, kapena organics - izi ndi zomwe cyclamen imafunikira kudyetsedwa kamodzi masabata awiri. Muyenera kuyamba izi kuyambira pomwe masamba amatenga ndikupitilira mpaka pachimake.
Kufalitsa kwa cyclamen
Sikovuta kufalitsa mitundu ya ku Europe; Poyambirira, muyenera kutenga mphukira zam'mbali kuti muzipatula kuzomera. Kwina, njere zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuti muthe kuzitenga muyenera kuyipitsa.
Kulima mkati mwa cyclamen kumatha kukhala zaka 7. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, sioyeneranso kubereka, chifukwa chake muyenera kugula chatsopano.
Kufalitsa cyclamen ndizovuta. Chifukwa cha mafakitale, chimafalikira pogwiritsa ntchito mbeu. Mutha kuchita izi nokha pogawa tuber.
Kutengera mitundu, kutalika kwa nthawi kuchokera kufesa mpaka maluwa kumasiyanasiyana. Monga lamulo, izi zimatenga miyezi 7-11. Ndikofunika kubzala mbewu kumapeto kwa Marichi. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yakukula, cyclamen izitha kuchita popanda kuwunikira kowonjezereka, ndipo iyamba kuphuka pakati pa nthawi yophukira.
Pa kumera mbewu, malo oyenera ayenera kupangidwa. Kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala kuzungulira 18 ° ะก. Chinyezi chachikulu komanso kusowa kwa kuwala kumayamikiridwa. Ndiye kuti mbewu zili mumdima, zimakutidwa ndi filimu yakuda kwa milungu itatu.
Pamatenthedwe otsika, cyclamen imamera pambuyo pake pang'ono. Ngati aposa 20 °, kumera kumachepera. Mutha kuyamba kulowetsa mbande pambuyo pa masamba a masamba atatu ndi atatu. Pakati pa diveti, tuber yaing'ono imakonkhedwa kwathunthu ndi lapansi.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Matenda opatsirana komanso tizirombo sizimakhudzanso cyclamen kwambiri. Koma imathanso kukhudzidwa ndi chidule cha cyclamen. Zizindikiro zidzakhala masamba opindika, maluwa opindika ndi maluwa opindika.
Matendawa kumatenda oyambira sikovuta. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwakukulu, kukonzekera kwa tizilombo sikuti nthawi zonse kuthana ndi cholinga.
Awa ndi maupangiri akulu, ndi mawu achidule okhudzana ndi chisamaliro cha cyclamen, ngati mukufuna, mupeze kulongosola kwatsatanetsatane.
