Gatzania (Gazania)

Gatzania: kufotokozera

Mtundu wa Gatsania, kapena Gazania (Gazania) umadziwika ndi dzina la Theodore von Gats, yemwe anamasulira maphunziro a botanical a Theophrastus ndi Aristotle kuchokera ku Chi Greek kupita ku Chilatini.

Gatzany ali ndi mizu yolimba kwambiri. Gawo la mlengalenga limayimiridwa ndi duwa la masamba obiriwira obiriwira kapena amaso otuwa, mawonekedwe omwe amasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku lanceolate mpaka cirrus-dissected kapena lobed. Tsinde limafupikitsidwa kapena kusowa.

Peduncle mpaka 20-30 cm wamtali, cylindrical, m'malo mwake wandiweyani, wokuvekedwa korona ndi mainchesi (5-9 masentimita) wowala single inflorescence-basket. Kupaka maluwa a mabango (mwa anthu wamba - pamakhala) ndiosiyanasiyana - oyera, achikaso, lalanje, ofiira. Madontho m'munsi, m'malire ndi mikwingwirima nthawi zambiri imadziwika. Pakatikati pa inflorescence nthawi zambiri mumakhala utoto wonyezimira kapena wachikasu.

Zipatso - pubescent achene ndi crest. Mbewu zimakhalabe zotheka kwa zaka zingapo.

Kulima Gatzania

Kokhala malo owuma kwambiri ku South Africa, kuwala kwa gatsaniya komanso kutentha. Dothi labwino kwambiri liyenera kukhala lopepuka, lotayirira, lopatsa thanzi, lopanda chinyezi. Kuchulukitsidwa kokwanira kwa gatsaniya sikukulolera. Pamalo lotentha ndi dothi lowala bwino, mbewuyo imakula ndikukula bwino.

Kutsirira pang'ono kumangofunika patsiku lotentha kwambiri, lowuma. Muzu wa tsinde wokulirapo ndi kuphuka kwa masamba kumathandizira gatzana kuti achotse chinyezi kuchokera pansi mozama ndikuchepetsa kutuluka kwake kuchokera pachomera.

Ngati gatsaniya wobzalidwa mumtsuko, amawathirira madzi ngati madzi a pamwamba. Gatzania imayankhira kuvala kwapamwamba ndi feteleza wophatikizira wa mchere.

Wobzala pa dothi lachonde, manyowa chomera kamodzi pamwezi, pa olemera pang'ono - kamodzi pa masabata awiri ndi atatu, akukula mumbale - kamodzi 10 masiku. Kuchotsa kuthothomoka kwa inflorescences kumalimbikitsa mapangidwe azinthu zatsopano.

Pakati penipeni ku Russia, gatsaniya ndi wosakhazikika, amalekerera chisanu chochepa kwambiri mpaka -5 ... -7 ° С. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri garamayu imakula ngati pachaka.

Kugwiritsa

Gatzania azikongoletsa malo otentha kwambiri a mundawo. Malo owoneka bwino mu gulu kapena chosakanikirana, cholowera "dzuwa" m'malire kapena kuchotsera.

Mitundu yokhala ndi zimayambira (gatsaniya-long-shoot, gatsaniya single-flowered), ndikupanga kapeti wama maluwa owoneka bwino, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chivundikiro. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudula.

Gatsaniya ndi chomera chomera chabwino, chimapangitsa chidwi mosiyana ndi ageratum kapena lobularia (alissum).

Kufalitsa kwa Gatzania

Gatsaniya kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu kapena njira yamasamba. Mbewu pakati penipeni pa Russia zimacha m'dzinja lokhala ndi dzuwa kwambiri, kotero kuti simungathe kuzipeza kuchokera kuzomera zomwe zili m'mundamo chaka chilichonse.

Pakati pa Meyi, mbewu zakonzeka kubzala m'malo okhazikika. Zobzalidwa molingana ndi pulani ya masentimita 15x15 kapena 20x20.Mwezi wa Epulo mutha kubzala mbewu pansanja pansanja yopenyerera.

Mu Julayi, mphukira yotsiriza imapangidwa pansi pa chitsamba cha gatsania, imadulidwa ndi secateurs lakuthwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito ngati odulidwa.

Zomera zazing'ono nthawi yozizira m'chipinda chowala bwino (wowonjezera kutentha, chosungirako), zimabzalidwa m'munda wamaluwa mu Meyi chaka chamawa.

Tizilombo ndi matenda a gatsaniya

Gatzania imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, koma kukula kwovuta - yokhala ndi chinyezi mopitilira muyeso, mpweya wokwanira - mpweya wochepa - imafooketsa mbewuyo, imatha kuyamba kuwola imvi.

Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, ndikofunikira kuchotsa zinyalala za chomera ndikuthandizira chithandizo cha Phytosporin. Mwa tizirombo, nsabwe za m'masamba, mbewa, ndi nkhono ndizovulaza kwambiri.

Mitundu yotchuka ya asczania

Gatzania longshot (Gazania longisсара) - chomera cha pachaka mpaka 15-20 cm. Zimayambira ndikugona, zikutha mu basket-inflorescence mpaka 7 cm.

Maluwa onse a tubular ndi bango ndi achikaso chowoneka bwino, koma zoyambira zotsirizira ndi utoto. Masamba ndiwowoneka bwino wobiriwira pamwamba komanso pubescent kuchokera pansipa, amakhala ndi m'mphepete kapena osadulidwa pang'ono, osungidwa mu rosette yoyambira.

Gatzania ankhanza kapena chonyezimira (Gazania wankhondo, Gazania ukuwala) - chomera osatha atakula pachaka. Kukula kumayambira mpaka 30 cm kutalika mabasiketi 4.5-6 cm.

Maluwa a tubular ndi ofiira-akuda, ndipo mabango ndi amanjerwa achikasu, lalanje, ofiira, okhala ndi ma so bula, akuda kapena oyera m'munsi.

Rosette wandiweyani amapangidwa ndi masamba athunthu, omata nthawi zambiri osadulidwa. Maluwa ndi ochulukirapo, mbewuyo imapanga ma inflorescence 35 motsatana.

Gatsaniya Potsy (Gazania potsii) limasiyana ndi mtundu wapitalo mu basiketi yayikulu, mainchesi ake amaposa 12 cm.

Gatzania pinnate (Gazania pinnata) Adatchedwa mayina chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a tsamba. Anthu ena adula masamba. Tsitsani mpaka 20 cm. Maluwa a Reed inflorescence-basiketi lalanje okhala ndi chizindikiro chakuda m'munsi.

Gatzania loyera (Gazania nivea) ali ndi masamba oyera oyera kuchokera ku profescence, ndikupanga dessense, yaying'ono, lignified pamunsi pa rosette, kuchokera pakati pomwe pamaunikidwe.

Gatsaniya monochromatic (Gazania unifiora) - chomera chowumbika. Zoyala zake zopindika ndi duwa lamasamba osiyanasiyana ali ndi "pilo" wamtali wa 10-15 masentimita. Mitsempha yapakati ya tsamba ili pansi imasowa pubescence. Mabasiketi amaso achikasu, mpaka mainchesi 5, angapo.

Gatzania peacock (Gazania pavonia) imasiyanasiyana m'njira yaying'ono yotalika, mpaka 20 cm, masamba ochokera kumunsi kuchokera pansi okhala ndi tsitsi loyera komanso louma kuchokera pamwamba. Dengu lamalalanje lamadzimadzi lokhala ndi chikasu chachikasu ndi mphete yakuda kuzungulira kumapeto limafika masentimita 8.

Gazania wosakanizidwa (Gazania x hybrida) - opezeka podutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, makamaka ya gatsaniya ankhanza komanso gatsaniya nthawi yayitali. Chomera cholandira kuchokera kwa makolo kukongola kwa duwa ndi masamba, koma kudawaposa iwo chifukwa chokana nyengo yovuta.