Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa ndi akatswiri okonda maluwa amadziwika bwino ndi ma buttercups a m'munda kapena ranunculus. Chomerachi chimatha kukongoletsa dimba lililonse la maluwa kapena bedi la maluwa. M'mawonekedwe, buttercups ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono. Maluwa awa ndi owoneka bwino komanso osiyanasiyana.
Chomera cha herbaceous chija chidasankhidwa posankha. Mitundu yamtchire imasiyana ndi butter buttercup kukula yaying'ono. Chomera chimakhala chosazindikira komanso sichifunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Duwa ndi la osatha.
M'mawonekedwe, chomera chimafanana ndi shrub yotsika (kuchokera 40 sentimita mpaka 1 mita kutalika) ndi tsinde lolunjika ndi mizu ya tuberous. Maluwa a ma buttercups apakatikati (pafupifupi mainchesi 10) akhoza kukhala amitundu yosiyanasiyana, kupatula utoto wamtambo.
Musanadzalemo buttercups pa infield yanu, pimani zabwino ndi zowonongeka, chifukwa chomeracho chimawoneka kuti ndi chakupha. Akuluakulu azitha kuyang'anira njira zotetezera, koma sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti azilima buttercup wagalu m'nyumba ndi ana.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yotchuka
- Asia buttercup - Mitundu iyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa okongola a terry, omwe amafanana ndi maluwa. Chitsamba chimafikira pafupifupi masentimita 40 kutalika.
- African buttercup - Izi ndizofanana kwambiri ndi peony. Zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi maluwa a maluwa, omwe amakhala ngati atakutidwa mkati ndi masamba akulu obiriwira obiriwira.
- Caustic buttercup - Mtunduwu umapezeka kuthengo, umakonda dothi lonyowa kapena dothi lamtchire ndi mthunzi wocheperako. Zomera sizigwirizana ndi chisanu, zimakhala ndi machiritso. Maluwa omwe amagwira ntchito amayambira kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, maluwa amakhala ndi utoto wachikaso.
- Aconitolus buttercup - Mtunduwu umasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa oyera kapena achikasu. Chitsamba chimafika kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 80.
- Anemolous buttercup - Ichi ndi chomera chodumphadumpha (osati kupitirira masentimita 30).
- Multiploral buttercup - mtundu wamuyaya wa masamba a shrub pachilimwe chonse, wamtali kutalika (pafupifupi theka la mita), wamaluwa ndi maluwa okongola achikasu.
Garden buttercups asunge zokongoletsera zawo zaka 3-4, pambuyo pake ndikofunikira kusintha mitunduyo.
Nthawi ndi malo oti mubzale buttercups panthaka
Kale kumapeto kwa dzinja, ndikofunika kusamalira kugula zinthu zodzala. Mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisunge madzi ozizira (osapitirira madigiri khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri), koma chipinda cholowa bwino. Ndikofunika kubzala mbewuyo (kwa mbande) mumphika kapena piritsi ya peat, chifukwa buttercups salekerera Thirani.
Mutha kubzala tubers nthawi yomweyo, koma muyenera kuchita izi pang'ono, mwina theka lotsatira la Meyi. Pakadali pano, nyengo yotentha imayamba kale, yomwe ndiyofunika kwambiri ku buttercups, chifukwa ndiwokonda kutentha ndipo salola kutentha pang'ono usiku.
Malo obzala maluwa azikhala mthunzi wocheperako, makamaka osagwiritsa ntchito kapena poyera. Mphepo yamphamvu imatulutsa chomera sichimakonda. Malowa akhoza kukhala pafupi ndi mtengo wotsika kapena chitsamba. Poyera, pansi pa dzuwa mwachindunji, mawonekedwe okongoletsa a buttercup adzavutika. Maluwa ake amakhala osakhalitsa koma osachulukana.
Kuyandikana ndi mbewu ndi maluwa ena
Garden buttercup amaphatikiza bwino kwambiri pabedi la maluwa ndi mbewu zosiyanasiyana. Mawonekedwe ake amaloleza kukhala maluwa odzikwaniritsa, koma kuphatikiza ndi maluwa okhala ndi mtundu wa buluu ndi mtundu wamtambo, amawoneka owoneka bwino kwambiri.
Alimi omwe akudziwa bwino amalangizidwa kuti azisamala ndi "kupsa mtima" kwa mizu ya chomera. Itha kumera msanga ndipo imatha kuvulaza chikhalidwe cha anthu oyandikana nawo, mdera lawo.
Zofunikira zokhudzana ndi dothi
Asanabzala tubers poyera, tikulimbikitsidwa kusamalira thanzi lake. Gwiritsani humus ngati feteleza. Acidity ya nthaka sayenera kulowerera, komanso nthaka iyenera kumasuka ndi kupepuka.
Malamulo obzala buttercups
Ma tubers a chomeracho, omwe amasungidwa m'chipinda chozizira kwa miyezi 1-1.5, tsopano akuyenera kuwiritsidwa mu ofooka pinki yankho la potaziyamu permanganate kapena potukula msanga. Pakupita maola khumi ndi awiri, kubzala zinthu kumadzaza ndi chofunikira chinyezi, ndipo mizu imatupa pang'ono.
Pamalo okonzekeratu, mutha kukonzekera mabowo ang'onoang'ono pamtunda wa pafupifupi 20 cm kuchokera wina ndi mnzake. Timu imodzi (mizu pansi) imabzalidwa mu bowo lililonse mpaka mainchesi 4-5. Pakatha pafupifupi milungu ingapo, mphukira zoyambirira zidzawonekera.
Ndikuneneratu kwakanthawi kanyengo ndikuwopseza kuziziritsa, mabedi omwe ali ndi mbewu ndi abwino kutchingira.
Samalirani duwa la buttercup poyera
Kusamalira dimba lotchedwa herbaceous sikutanthauza nthawi yambiri komanso chisamaliro chapadera.
Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi, koma moyenera. Chinyezi chambiri sichiloledwa. Ndi nyengo yokhazikika yamvula, mmera ungayambe kuvunda mizu, motero muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chivundikiro. Kumapeto kwa nyengo yotentha, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, kenako ndikumayima kwathunthu (ndikuwoneka ngati masamba akutha).
Kuti maluwa atchuke kwambiri, kusinthana kwa mpweya wabwino ndikofunikira pa mizu, kotero kuti kumasula nthaka kuyenera.
Maluwa abwino amatengera kupezeka kwa michere yofunika m'nthaka. Ma feteleza okhala ndi nayitrogeni (koyambirira kwa chitukuko cha chomera) ndi feteleza wovuta ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous (panthawi ya maluwa) amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chovala chapamwamba. Kudyetsa kumalimbikitsidwa kuti zizichitidwa kawiri pamwezi ndi kuphatikiza kwa masabata awiri.
Kuti maluwa azikhala nthawi yayitali, muyenera kuchotsa chomera cha maluwa owuma.
Momwe mungasungire tubers
Ma buttercups a m'munda samalimbana ndi kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira, chifukwa chake ma tubers ayenera kukumbidwa kumapeto kwa Seputembala, kutsukidwa kwathunthu pansi ndikuuma. Kenako, tuber iliyonse imatha kuikidwa mumphika ndi dothi louma kapena kukulunga ndi nsalu ina iliyonse. Mwanjira imeneyi, pamtunda wa madigiri makumi awiri mpaka awiri, mutha kupulumutsa mbewuzo mpaka nyengo yotsatira.
Kubalana kwa buttercups
Njira yodziwika komanso yosavuta yofalitsira buttercup wam'munda ndikugawa muzu. Njirayi imakupatsani mwayi kuti muthe kukapeza tchire zingapo zachinyamata.
Njira yolereka imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kawirikawiri chifukwa cha kumera kochepa kwa mbewu. Choyamba, njere zimabzalidwa m'mabokosi akuluakulu obzala (m'masiku otsiriza a chisanu) mu dothi losakanizirana ndi peat, mchenga ndi dimba lamtunda lakuya kosaposa masentimita awiri. Kwa masiku khumi ndi asanu, mitsuko imasungidwa kutentha kwa madigiri 10 mpaka 15, kusungitsa chinyezi chanthawi zonse.
Mphukira zoyambirira zimayenera kuwonekera pafupifupi masiku 25-30. Maonekedwe awo ndi nthawi yosamutsa mabokosiwo kuchipinda chofunda (madigiri oposa 20). Tsopano mbande zazing'ono zimafunikira kuwala komanso kutentha kwambiri. Ngati ndi kotheka, mbewu zitha kuwunikiridwa ndi kuwunikira kowonjezera.
Mbande za buttercups za m'munda zitha kusamutsidwa kumunda womaliza wa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa Juni. Zomera zomwe zimamera motere mchaka choyamba sizimaphuka.
Maluwa buttercups kutchera mitengo
Ma buttercups a maluwa ndizovala zokongoletsera zapadera pabedi la maluwa, pamunda wamaluwa, udzu kapena poto wamaluwa. Utoto wake wamitundu yosiyanasiyana umakulolani kuti mupange maluwa okongola mwapadera. Chomera chimayenda bwino ndi mbewu zosiyanasiyana zamera.
Duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito mofunitsitsa pantchito yawo ndiopanga mapangidwe a maluwa ndi okonza maluwa, olima maluwa ndi okongoletsa zochitika zapadera.
Kukula buttercup kunyumba
Zilimidwe kunyumba, mitundu yokha ya ma buttercup omwe ali ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono, osapitirira masentimita 40, ndi oyenera. Mitundu yotere imatha kumera mumphika wamaluwa wokhazikika ndipo imafunikira thandizo lina. Mutha kusunga chomera pa khonde lowoneka bwino kapena chipika chofunda.
Pa chitsamba chimodzi, pafupifupi lita limodzi la nthaka limafunikira. Kapangidwe kake ndi komwe kali pabwalo lotseguka. Zosamalira, ndikofunikira kuthirira chomera pafupipafupi, chifukwa chifukwa chochepa chosakanizika ndi dothi la thankiyo, nthaka imawuma msanga.
Pomaliza maluwa ndi masamba akugwera, chidebe chomwe chili ndi muzu wa tuber chizisungidwa pamalo owuma, amdima kwa miyezi iwiri. Chakumapeto kwa mwezi wa February - kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, gawo la mlengalenga lidzayamba kuwoneka.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Kwenikweni, matenda onse a m'munda wa buttercup amabwera chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino. Chifukwa chofala kwambiri ndi dothi lamadzi kwambiri. Kuchokera pamenepa, mizu imayamba kuvunda, masamba a maluwa amagwa ndikuwuma poda.
Polimbana ndi powdery mildew, njira zingapo zophera tizilombo ndi ma aerosols azithandiza. Pofuna kuti madzi asasowe munthaka, ndikofunikira kusamalira ngalande nthawi yobzala komanso kuti musaiwale kumasula dothi. Nthawi zina chomera chofota chimatha kupulumutsidwa ndi kupukutidwa kwadongosolo.
Kuthirira kwambiri kumasonyezedwa ndi mawonekedwe a nkhungu pa tsamba la chomera. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kusiya kwathunthu kuthirira kwakanthawi. Nthaka idzauma pang'ono, duwa lake lidzasangalalanso ndi maluwa ake.
Tizilombo tambiri tambiri m'munda buttercups ndi nthata za akangaude ndi nematode.
Zizindikiro zakuwoneka ngati nkhupakupa ndi mawanga pamasamba (siliva kapena chikasu). Pankhaniyi, chithandizo chofunikira mwachangu ndi mankhwala apadera ndichofunikira.
Zizindikiro zakuwoneka ngati matanga ndi masamba opindika mutimabzala, kukula kwa mbewu. Mizu ya mbewu zotere amafunika chithandizo cha manganese. Ndikokwanira kutsuka mizu ya chomera chomwe chimachotsedwa mu nthaka ndi njira ya pinki ndipo tizilombo titha kufa.
