Ma Anthuriums, omwe ndi nzika zam'mapiri amvula, amakopa chidwi cha okonda nyama zamkati okhala ndi masamba owala, ndi mizu yachilendo yodabwitsa, yofunikira kwambiri pamoyo wa epiphyte, komanso inflorescence yochititsa chidwi ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zomera lero, kuposa kale, ndizodziwika padziko lonse lapansi, kotero funso la kubadwanso kwamaluwa okongola a anthurium ndilokondweretsa kwa oyamba kumene ndi akatswiri odziwa ntchito zamaluwa.
Sikovuta kufalitsa mitundu yomwe mukufuna. Nthawi zambiri, njira zamasamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi, zomwe zimafotokozeredwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mizu yabwino, kupezeka kwa zinthu zakubzala komanso zovuta zachilengedwe.
Poika mbewu, chitsamba chachikulu cha anthurium chimatha kugawidwa mosavuta m'magawo angapo, komanso nthawi ndi nthawi kupanga mizu yokhala ndi mizu yawo.
Makanda oterewa a anarium, komanso nthambi za tsinde kapena zodulira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka, zimasunga kwathunthu zinthu zawo monga makolo. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale eni masheya osowa sangadandaule kuti kukongola kwa inflorescence kapena masamba adzatayika.
Komabe, si njira zonse zakupangidwira zamasamba zomwe zimagwiranso ntchito mofatsa pokapeza mbewu zatsopano za anthurium.
Kubwezeretsa tsamba la anthurium
Monga nthumwi zina za banja la Aroid, chikhalidwe ichi ndichovuta kwambiri komanso chosafuna kuyambitsa masamba petioles.
Kusintha kwa tsamba la anthurium m'milandu yambiri kumalephera. Mosiyana ndi zamoculcas, zomwe zimapanga timiyendo ting'onoting'ono pamunsi mwa tsamba ndipo timayambira tomwe ana, mizu ya anthurium ndi tsamba limafa.
Ngati zosunga zamaluwa zili ndi mitundu yamasamba okongoletsera ya anthurium, mutha kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito masamba kuti mutenge masamba. Zowona, pankhaniyi, ndibwino kuti tisamize ma petioles m'madzi, koma mosamala glue masamba amawonekera kuti akhale wonyowa perlite.
Muwofunda komanso mukukhalabe ndi chinyezi pakatha milungu 3-4, mbewu nthawi zina imayamba ndi mizu yake ndipo ndiyoyenera kupitanso patsogolo kulima kwa ana a Anthurium.
Kodi kukula anthurium kuchokera ku mbewu?
Ndi zabwino zonse zakuphatikizidwa kwa masamba, njira izi sizipereka mwayi wopeza mbande zambiri. Mchaka wa Anthurium wachikulire pakadula sikungatulutse mbewu zazing'ono zoposa 5-6, mbande zochulukirapo zimapezeka ndikudula.
Kufalikira kwa mbewu ndi njira yokhayo, yopezeka kunyumba yakulidwe yaying'ono ingapo nthawi imodzi.
Zowona, kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi kuli ndi zovuta zingapo komanso zowopsa. Mwachitsanzo, mbewu zosakanizidwa, zomwe zikuimira ambiri pamsika wamaluwa wamakono, nthawi zonse sizikhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake. Kuphatikiza apo, pokonzekera kukula anthurium kuchokera kumbewu, wamaluwa ayenera kudziwa kuti maluwa adzafunikira kupukutidwa mwanjira.
Ngati mutayang'ana inflorescence ya anthurium, mutha kuzindikira kuti khutu limakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono okongola omwe amatulutsa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pansi, kutsogolo kwa peduncle. Choyamba, ma pistil amatha, ndipo pakatha masiku 20-25 patatha mungu, ndiye kuti, gawo la amuna limayamba.
Mwachilengedwe, maluwa onunkhira a anthurium amakopa tizilombo tambiri topukutira, kusinthanitsa mungu kuchokera ku inflorescence imodzi kupita kwina.
Koma kunyumba, mwini wake wa mbewuyo akuyenera kugwira ntchitoyi. Kuti muchite izi, ikani burashi yofewa yocheperako, sankhani dzuwa ladzuwa ndipo mutatenga mungu kuchokera ku inflorescence imodzi, ipukuteni ndi khutu lina. Kuti tipeze zipatso zochulukirapo, ndikofunikira kupukusa inflorescence mkati mwa masiku 5-8.
Kutengera mitundu yobzalidwa, anthurium m'malo amodzi inflorescence amatha kumangira zipatso ziwiri kapena zingapo. Kucha kumatenga miyezi 8-12, pomwe zipatso zakupsa zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe, mtundu ndi kukula kwake. Mutha kudziwa kuti mabulosi a anthurium akhwima chifukwa chakuti tsopano awonekera kwambiri ndipo adatsanulira. Nthawi zina zipatso zokhala ndi zipatso zambiri zimangotsala pang'ono kuzimiririka kung'onoting'ono.
Chiwerengero cha mbewu mkati mwa mwana wosabadwayo chimasinthasintha. Monga mukuwonera pachithunzichi, mbewu za Anthurium sizokulirapo, ndipo popeza kumera kwake kumachepetsedwa mwachangu, kuteteza mbewu yamtsogolo sikugwira ntchito.
Kukonzekera njere zodzala:
- kucha kucha;
- mbewu imachotsedwa pa zamkati ndikutsuka;
- mbewu zimathandizidwa ndi yankho la 0,1 peresenti ya potaziyamu permanganate.
Kuchita izi ndikofunikira, chifukwa mwachangu mbewu za anthurium sizinayanidwe musanafesedwe, ndipo zimawopsezedwa ndi kuwola ndi nkhungu.
Monga mbewu zaanthurium wamkulu, mbewu zimafunikira chinyezi, chokwanira komanso chinyezi kuti mbewu zikule.
Ndikwabwino kufesa mumiyala yopyapyala ndi yaying'ono:
- nthaka yopangika ndi dongo yosakanikirana ndi perlite kapena vermiculite;
- perlite kapena sphagnum moss.
Mbewu zimayikidwa pamalo otentha, kufinya mosavuta mu gawo lapansi, koma oswaza. Chidebe chofesayo chimakutidwa ndi chivindikiro, galasi kapena kanema, kenako chimatsalira pa kutentha kwa 22 mpaka 25 ° C.
Pambuyo pa masabata 1.5-2, mutha kudikirira kuti mphukira yoyamba iwonekere, ndipo mtundu wawo komanso kuchuluka kwa mapangidwe ake zimadalira kuchuluka kwa kukhwima kwa mbewu zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa komanso momwe adakhazikitsira kukula. Asanakulitse anthurium kuchokera ku mbewu, wokolola ayenera kudziunjikira ndi kudziwiratu kuti iyi ndi njira yayitali kwambiri komanso yovuta kwambiri kufalitsa.
Mutha kudumphira mbande mutatsegulidwa kwa tsamba lokwanira, ndipo mbewu zazing'ono zimasinthidwa ndikuzikhomera zatsopano ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi dothi "wamkulu", koma pongokhala ndi tizigawo ting'onoting'ono. Ndikapangidwa kakapangidwe kamene kamapangidwa kuchokera ku njere za anthurium, kamasinthidwa nthawi zonse, pang'onopang'ono ndikukulitsa mtunda pakati pa mbewu.
Miphika payokha, ndi voliyumu ya 100-200 ml, anthurium imatha kusinthidwa kukula kwake kutulutsa kukafika masentimita 5-7.
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mbewu zachikulire, mbande zimakwezedwanso m'chidebe chatsopano pomwe mizu yake imayamba kukula bwino. Ngati mutabzala anthurium m'mbale zazingwe, chomera chimayamba kuchepa, ndipo ngozi yakuuma chifukwa chakuchuluka kwake kumakulirakulira.
Kunyumba, anthurium kuchokera kumbewu amalowa mu nyengo yamaluwa osapitirira chaka chimodzi ndi theka kapena ziwiri.
Ngakhale mbewu zochuluka zopezeka ndi kufalitsa mbewu, maluwa ake nthawi zonse samakwaniritsa zosowa za wobzala. Izi ndichifukwa choti mitundu yambiri yamaluwa ya Anthurium yomwe imagulitsidwa lero ndi hybrids.
Mbewu za zotere, zomwe zimachokera ku mbewu za anthurium, zimatha kukhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi zapamwamba za makolo. Izi sizikugwira ntchito kokha pakukula kwa malo komanso kutalika kwa chomera. Nthawi zambiri, okonda mbewu zamkati amakhumudwitsidwa kuti maluwa a anthurium samafanana ndi m'badwo wam'mbuyo kaya wowoneka kapena mtundu wa bract.
Chifukwa chake, kufalikira kwa mbewu ndi koyenera kwa mbewu zamtundu umodzi, ndipo ma hybrids amaphatikizidwa bwino kwambiri monga timakondera zipatso zomera.
