Maluwa Maluwa

Rosa amadziwika kuti ndi mfumukazi ya m'mundamu, ndipo ayenera kuyitanidwa. Duwa lokongola ili limasilira ndi kupembedzedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo adasankhidwa kukhala chizindikiro cha chikondi. M'mabuku akale a Iran ndi zikhulupiriro zakale za Ahindu akale, maluwa amatchulidwa kale. Malinga ndi nthano, duwa loyera lokongola kwambiri ndi kulengedwa kwa Allah iyemwini. Chomera ichi chimayenera kusintha malo okongola, koma aulesi a Lotus, ndikukhala mfumukazi ya maluwa. Mutha kukhalanso, ngati mukufuna, kukongoletsa dimba lanu pkubzala maluwa, koma musanaphunzirepo momwe mungasankhire ndikubzala moyenera. Komanso momwe angamsamalire.

Malamulo akumalo

Maluwa a m'munda siovuta kubzala, ndipo palibe chovuta kuwasamalira. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa malamulo angapo ofunikira ndikutsimikiza kuti muwatsatire.

Kusankha ndi kusunga mbande

Ndikofunika kulabadira mwapadera chisankho chodzala. Iyenera kukhala yapamwamba kwambiri. Zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa mbande zokhala ndi mizu yotsekedwa. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nthawi yobzala, ndikofunikira kuti nthaka isungidwe pamizu.

Ngati mungaganize zogulitsa maluwa akunja ndi mizu yotsekedwa, muyenera kudziwa kuti, monga lamulo, ayamba kugulitsidwa pasadakhale. Komabe, ngati mungafune, mutha kupulumutsa mbande zingapo patsambulo pansi pa firiji (madigiri 0-5 ndi oyenera kusungidwa). Musaiwale kufikisa nthaka mozungulira muzu munthawi yake. Onetsetsani kuti sikunyowa kapena kouma kwambiri.

Uphungu! Mukathirira, nthawi zina mungathe kuwonjezera yankho la heteroauxin kapena muzu, koma osati pafupipafupi.

Nthawi yabwino kubzala maluwa

Pakati pakumapeto kwa mvula, maluwa ayenera kubzalidwa pokhapokha dziko litatentha mpaka madigiri 10. Nthawi zambiri nthawi imeneyi imagwera masabata omaliza a Epulo kapena masiku oyamba a Meyi. Chapakatikati, ndibwino kubzala maluwa chitsa.

Komabe, maluwa ambiri amalangizidwa kuti abzalidwe kumapeto, ndipo ndibwino kuchita izi kuyambira pakati pa Seputembala mpaka pakati pa Okutobala. Mukadzala mbewuyi m'mbuyomu, mphukira zachinyamata zomwe sizimakhalako nthawi yachisanu zizizira, ndipo pambuyo pake - duwa silikhala ndi mizu isanayambe chisanu.

Malo abwino akutsikira

Kubzala maluwa amenewa kukhale pamalo pomwe kuli dzuwa. Simuyenera kusankha malo mumthunzi kapena pazithunzi zochepa pazolinga izi. Patsamba lamasamba, masamba akuda amayamba kupangika, imaleka kuphuka ndipo mphukira zambiri zakhungu zimawonekera. Komanso malowa ayenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira, komabe, maluwa amafunika kutetezedwa ku mphepo yamphamvu yakumpoto.

Nthaka sayenera kukhala yopanda mchenga kapena dongo. Dziko lina lirilonse ndibwino kubzala, koma osati m'malo omwe pansi panthaka sipakhala patali ndi dothi.

Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono obzala maluwa

Ngati dothi ndi lachonde, ndiye kuti bowo lomwe akufuna kuti abzale liyenera kukumbidwa kuti m'lifupi ndi kuya masentimita 50. Zikadzachitika kuti kubzala kumachitika m'dothi, kuya kuya kukuyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi 10-20 sentimita.

Konzani zakudyazo pasadakhale ndikuphatikiza manyowa owola, nthaka ndi kompositi, kapena humus. Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti poyambira, muzu wa chomera uyenera kuwazidwa ndi dothi laling'ono, ndikuyika kale dzenje la feteleza.

Asanatsike, madzi amayenera kuthiridwa m'dzenjemo, ndikofunikira kudikirira nthawi ikadzanyidwa kwathunthu. Pakakhala kuti pali dothi pozungulira muzu, ndiye kuti sayenera kuchotsedwa. Dzungu laulere liyenera kudulidwa mu 1/3 ndipo kwa maola angapo limatsitsa m'madzi kapena chothandizira kukulitsa muzu.

Ndikofunikanso kudula mphukira:

muyenera kusiya masamba 3-4 mu maluwa a mitundu ya floribunda;
maluwa a rose amafuna kudulira (safunikira kufupikitsidwa, koma kungosinthidwa);
mu tiyi-wosakanizidwa maluwa ndi polyanthus, masamba awiri kapena atatu ayenera kusiyidwa pa mphukira iliyonse;
Mphukira za paki zodulidwa ndi masentimita 10-15.

Finyani mmera ndi dothi. Zotsatira zake, ayenera kuphimba katemera ndi masentimita pafupifupi 5. Wax (ngati alipo) amachotsedwa pamanda. Nthaka imapangidwa bwino ndikuthira madzi ambiri. Komanso, mmera umakula kutalika kwa masentimita 10-15, chifukwa chake, mulu wawung'ono umapangidwa, womwe umachotsedwa pakatha milungu ingapo.

Momwe mungafalitsire duwa ladzuka

Palibe njira zambiri zofalitsira maluwa. Komabe, olima dimba omwe akufuna kupeza maluwa onunkhira ambiri m'munda wawo momwe angathere amayesetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zonsezi ngati nkotheka. Mndandanda wa njira zolerera:

Duwa limatha kudulidwa kuchokera ku mbewu. Koma ziyenera kudziwika kuti sizosiyana pakumera kwabwino. Koma ngakhale mphukira zikuwoneka, sizowona kuti zidzakhala mbewu zodzaza, ndipo pambali, monga lamulo, izi zimatenga nthawi yayitali.
Muthanso kufalitsa duwa ndi zodula. Ndi njira iyi, duwa silimapereka mphukira zakuthengo. Gawo la kuthawa mwamphamvu komanso mwamphamvu ndi kudulidwa. Pangani kudula pamwamba pa tsamba la masamba, kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito zophukira za mizu, muphukeni. Pomwe mizu itayamba kupangika, mudzatha kubzala.
Okulirovka. Zikhala zofunikira kupanga gawo la zilembo "T" munthaka pafupi kwambiri ndi dothi. Impso yochokera ku chomera cholimidwa chimayikidwa mmenemo, filimu imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza. Poterepa, Ankalumikiza adzagwiritsa ntchito mizu yam'matangadza. Kupanga luso sikovuta.
Zomera zofalitsa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukwera ndi maluwa a shrub. Pa mphukira yolimba ndi yayitali pafupifupi masentimita 8, kuyimitsidwa kumapangidwa m'munsi ndipo kapangidwe kakang'ono kapena machesi kuyikidwamo. Gawo lomwe lakhazikitsidwa liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi dothi ndikukhazikika, ndipo nsonga yotsalayo iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi msomali. Dzu likadzazika mizu, limasiyidwa kuchitsamba.

Momwe mungasamalire maluwa

Ngati muthana ndi maluwa a maluwa osamalira bwino ndikuwadyetsa nthawi, ndiye kuti amasangalatsa mwiniwake wa maluwa onunkhira komanso masamba obiriwira obiriwira nthawi yayitali.

Kudyetsa Zinthu

Feteleza wabwino kwambiri wa maluwa ndi manyowa, makamaka manyowa akavalo (ayenera kukhala osachepera miyezi isanu ndi umodzi). Nkhuku ndi nkhumba zina zatsopano zidzangobweretsa duwa lokha. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ndi acidic kwambiri ndipo amatha kuwotcha mbewu. Ndipo manyowa atsopano ahatchi amathandizira kuti nthaka isafe.

Pa budding, calcium nitrate yomwe imasungunuka m'madzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mavalidwe apamwamba (supuni 10 za chinthu zimatengedwa pa malita 10). Duwa likayamba kukula mwachangu, liyenera kuthiriridwa pakatha masabata 1.5-2 ndi yankho la feteleza wachilengedwe, kulowetsedwa mullein, kulowetsedwa kwazitsamba kapena njira yothetsera nkosi. Ndikofunika kuthira feteleza osungunuka m'madzi ngakhale chomera chathiridwa. Kuyambira sabata 3 ya Julayi, sizifunikanso kudyetsa mbewuyo, chifukwa ikayamba kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu.

Maluwa, monga mbewu zina zonse, samalekerera kwambiri kuzizira, kutentha kapena mvula yayitali. Kuti muwathandize, mutha kuwaza mbewuyo ndi epin, sodium humate, zircon kapena ecosil. Ngati mukuleza maluwa, ndiye kuti pali masamba ambiri, ndipo masamba, m'malo mwake, ndi ochepa.

Momwe mungamwere

Kutsirira sikuyenera kukhala pafupipafupi, mwachitsanzo, masiku 7 aliwonse. Komabe, ngati chilimwe chili chotentha kwambiri komanso chouma, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumawirikiza. Chidebe chamadzi ofunda chimathiridwa pansi pa muzu wa chitsamba chimodzi (osathira masamba). Kuthirira ndikofunikira kuti dothi ladzala mpaka 20-30 sentimita.

Ngati zitsamba za rose sizithirira madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti dothi lomwe pansi pawo liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi udzu wong'ambika, humus kapena makungwa pamtengo.

Ngati mbewuyo ilibe chinyezi, maluwa amayamba kuchepera. Ngati ndichulukirapo, masamba ake ayamba kutembenukira chikasu. Mukatha kuthirira, aliyense amatithandizanso kumasula dothi.

Tizilombo ndi matenda (njira zowongolera)

Tchire la rose limatetezeka kumatenda monga powdery mildew. Popewa, fafaniza masamba ndi yankho lomwe limapangidwa kuchokera ku sopo wamba (40 magalamu) ndi madzi (1 lita). Ndikofunikira kupopera katatu mu kasupe (ndikupuma kwa sabata), komanso mu June.

Ngati aphid akuwonekera, ndiye 10 malita. madzi, sungunulani mipiringidzo ya sopo yochapira ndikuyika zikuni ziwiri za chowawa. Wiritsani izi kwa mphindi 10-15. Ikatha kuzizira, thirani masamba. Bwerezani izi pambuyo masiku 7. Ngati nsabwe za m'masamba zikadatsala, ndiye kuti uzipukutira duwa ndi poizoni wothandizira, mwachitsanzo, Aktara.

Nasturtium ndi lavender zimatulutsa nsabwe za m'masamba, chifukwa zimabzalidwe pafupi ndi maluwa. Garlic ndi anyezi obzalidwa pafupi kumathandiza maluwa kuti asapweteke ndikupangitsa maluwa kukhala onunkhira bwino. Marigolds ndi calendula adzatetezedwa ku kachikumbu.

Ngati ming'alu idawoneka pamitengo, masamba pa masamba adaleka kupanga ndipo mawanga adapangidwa, ndiye kuti masamba omwe ali ndi kachilombo ayenera kudulidwa mosamala, ndipo mbewuyo ikathiridwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa chowawa, maula komanso mahatchi.

Zambiri Zakutha

Kudulira kumakhala ndi mphukira zomwe zimamera mkati. Zotsatira zake, chitsamba chikhala ndi mphukira zambiri zatsopano. Ndipo ngati mutachotsa maluwa posachedwa, ndiye kuti maluwa otsatirawa adzakhala ochulukirapo kuposa woyamba.