Lavender ndi chomera chokongoletsera, chomwe chimadziwika kuyambira masiku a Old World. Dziko lakwawo ndi gombe la Mediterranean. Mmenemo ndi pomwe mungathe kuwona minda yokongola yofiirira ya lilac yobzalidwa ndi tchire loyambira lavenda.
Maluwa omwe ali onunkhira bwino komanso abwino kwambiri ndipo mukadzawaona kamodzi, mudzayamba kukonda chomera ichi. Sikoyenera kupita kumayiko akumwera kukasilira lavenda. Mutha kupanga dimba laling'ono la maluwa pawindo lanu, ndikusangalala ndi maluwa ochokera ku chomera chokongola kuchokera ku mbewu.
Lavender - malongosoledwe ndi mitundu
Chitsamba chobiriwira mpaka 50-60 masentimita chimasiyanitsidwa ndi zimayambira zowongoka bwino zomwe zimakonda. Pamwamba pa tsinde lililonse pali phewa lofanana ndi maluwa lomwe limakhala ndi maluwa ochepa.
Utoto wa maluwa a lavenda amatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera kumtambo wamtambo wobiriwira. M'chilengedwe, muli mitundu 30 ya zomera, koma ochepa mwa iwo ndi omwe ndi odziwika.
Lavenda wopindika - Ichi ndi kachitsamba kakang'ono kamene kamakhala ndi maluwa onunkhira kwambiri, akuluakulu omwe amatulutsa maluwa mkati mwa chilimwe. Masamba ake okongola omwe ali ndi masiliva amakhala ndi siliva. Zomera zamtunduwu zimakonda kutentha, motero kulima ndizotheka kunyumba kokha.
Lavandin osiyanasiyana Kutalika kumafikira mamita awiri. Amasiyana m'masamba yopapatiza komanso yayitali, komanso maluwa akulu kapena ang'onoang'ono, ofiira kapena amtambo wabuluu. Mitundu ya haibridi yamaluwa imeneyi imaphukira pang'ono pang'ono kuposa mitundu ina yonse yopyapyala ya lavenda.
Maluwa ake amayamba kutulutsa pakatikati pa Julayi. Chomera ndichabwino kwambiri pamankhwala. Kuchokera pamenepo amalandila mafuta apamwamba kwambiri.
Broadleaf lavender kapena spikelet ndi mbewu yokhala ndi maluwa onunkhira bwino kwambiri. Pazinde zake zilizonse pali ma inflorescence atatu nthawi imodzi.
Lavender yopendekera-leved kapena Chingerezi okondedwa kwambiri ndi olima maluwa. Saopa chisanu, ndipo ndiosavuta kuwasamalira. Lavender amakula mpaka mita imodzi ndipo amadziwika ndi masamba ochepa ndi maluwa. Nthawi yamaluwa imagwera mu Julayi.
Mwezi uno, maluwa abuluu, oyera, ofiirira, apinki kapena ofiirira a maluwa a Chingerezi a pachimake. Ali ndi fungo labwino kwambiri, labwino.
Lavender french ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsera yomwe imalidwa m'minda yapakati pa Russia. Chitsamba chokhala ndi phesi lalitali ndi chokhotakhota chimakutidwa ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana mithunzi.
Mitundu yamitundu yamitundu iyi yopangidwa ndi obereketsa imatha kutulutsa utoto wofiirira, lilac, burgundy, maluwa oyera kapena obiriwira okhala ndi fungo lamphamvu koma labwino.
Chodabwitsa cha lavenda yaku France ndikuti imakhala ndi nthawi yoyambira. Nthawi zina zimatha kutulutsa nthawi yachiwiri. Olima amalimbikitsa kukulitsa mbewu zamtunduwu kunyumba.
Mitundu yomera yamankhwala
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yamtundu wa lavender officinalis, pakati pake pali ina yopanda (mwachitsanzo, Little Lottie ndi Nana Alba), komanso mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi mithunzi yama inflorescence:
Choyera - kalasi Alba.- Buluu - Buluu wa Beechwood.
- Pinki - Rosea.
- Violet - Gem ndi Hidcote.
- Pinki Perfume - 45-60 cm wamtali, maluwa ofiira.
Choyera - kalasi Alba.Njira yolerera lavenda kuchokera kwa mbewu
Mutha kubzala zitsamba zokongola ndi zonunkhira m'munda wanu wamaluwa ndikuzikhulitsa zokha.
Ndikwabwino kugula mbewu m'malo ogulitsira. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusankha mitundu ya lavender yopapatiza-lavenderzomwe ndizoyenera kwambiri kukula pakhomo.
Mbewu iyenera kuyambitsidwa nthawi yozizira, kapenanso kugwa. Chifukwa ayenera kudutsa nthawi yayitali kayendedwe ka stratization. Izi zidzaumitsa nthangala ndikukula kumera kwake. Kuti achite izi, ayenera kusakanikirana ndi mchenga wonyowa ndikusungidwa m'gawo lafiriji kwa miyezi iwiri.
Kuzungulira mwezi wa February kapena Marichi, mbewu zimafesedwa mbande zodzazidwa ndi osakaniza ndi dothi. Mutha kukonza nthaka yodzilimitsa nokha potenga:
- munda wamaluwa - magawo atatu;
- humus - 2 magawo
- mchenga wamtsinje - gawo limodzi.
Kusakaniza kuyenera kuwonedwa ndi kuzingidwa, chifukwa siziyenera kukhala ndi zazikulu. Kupanda kutero, mbewu zing'onozing'ono za lavenda mwina sizimera.
Musanabzale mbewu, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti uzitha, kuterera pinki potaziyamu permanganate yankho kapena calcine pa kutentha kwa madigiri 110-130.
Mbewu zofesedwa m'mathanki odzazidwa ndi dothi ndikudula ndikuwazidwa ndi mchenga pamwamba, pomwe amathiridwa ndi madzi ofunda. Kubzala limodzi mosangalatsa, mbande mabokosi ophimbidwa ndi galasi kapena polyethylene.
Zotsatira zake ndi mtundu wa greenhouse wokhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira komanso kutentha kwa kumera. Mbande zimamera pa kutentha kwa mpweya kuyambira +18 mpaka +22 degrees.
Mphukira zoyambirira ziyenera kuwonekera masiku 20-30. Ngati izi sizinachitike, ndiye kuti mbande iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kwa milungu itatu. Pambuyo pakuwoneka mbande, mabokosi Zokonzedwa m'chipinda chotentha.
Zikangomera kumene, mbande zimabisala pamalo abwino. Kuti mbande zisatambule, tikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa zowunikira zina.
Zomera zazing'ono zimayenera kuzolowera mpweya pang'onopang'ono. Kuti muchite izi, filimu kapena galasi limachotsedwa kaye kwa ola limodzi patsiku, kenako kwa maola awiri, ndipo patatha masiku angapo amachotsedwa kwathunthu.
Mbeu zikangokulira, mutha kuzichita kubzala mumiphika yosiyana kapena mabokosi akulu akulu. Tambalala ayenera kuchitidwa mosamala kuti tisawononge mizu. Chifukwa chake, mbewu zimakumbidwa ndi mtanda waukulu wapadziko lapansi.
Kukula lavenda odulidwa
Ngati anzanu m'mundamo kapena kunyumba amalima zitsamba za lavenda, ndiye mutha kuwapempha kuti agawire nanu. Komanso, chomera paudulidwe sichimawonongeka kwambiri. Kuchita njirayi ndi lavender yopyapyala ndi bwino mu kasupe kapena chilimwe, ndi yotakata kudula kumayambiriro yophukira.
Zidula zomwe zadulidwa kuchokera kumtunda kapena pakati pa mphukira ziyenera kukhala zazitali masentimita 8-10. Ngati mutatenga gawo lotsika la mpirawo kuti mufalitse, zomwe zimadulidwa sizingakhale mizu. Chodulidwa chimapangidwa pafupi ndi impso. Maluwa ndi masamba amachotsedwa pansi.
Musanabzale phesi choviikidwa mu ufa wapaderazomwe zimalimbikitsa kuzika mizu. Muyenera kuzika mizu ndikukula tchire posakaniza peat ndi mchenga (1: 1). Tsamba lililonse limakutidwa ndi zojambulazo komanso limathandizira kupuma tsiku lililonse.
Kusamalira mbewu kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse ndi kusunga dothi lonyowa. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kupanga malo okula omwe kutentha kwa mchenga kumakhala okwera kuposa kutentha kwa mpweya. Poterepa, zodulidwazo zimazika mizu mpaka masabata asanu ndi limodzi ndipo zibzalidwe m'malo okhazikika.
Malamulo a Kusamalira Lavender Kunyumba
Kukula lavenda kunyumba ndikosiyana kwambiri ndi njira yofananira kutchire. Lavender mumphika ndiwofunika kwambiri pazomwe zimasamalidwa ndikukonzedwa.
Kusankha kwampando. Zomera amakonda kuyatsa bwino, kotero ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ikakulitse kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwawindo.
Masana, zitsamba za lavenda ziyenera kuyatsidwa kwa maola 8-10. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yachisanu tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tifotokozere za mbewu kugwiritsa ntchito nyali ya fluorescent.
Chipindacho chizikhala chowongolera tsiku lililonse. Mulingo wa chinyezi sikufunika kwambiri. Komabe, nthawi yozizira, ngati chomera chili pafupi ndi batri, chimayenera kukhala utsi pafupipafupi.
M'chilimwe, miphika yokhala ndi tchire itha kubzala pa loggia kapena khonde. Ayenera kuzolowera chilengedwe chatsopano pang'onopang'ono. M'masiku oyambilira, mbewu zimayatsidwa ndi mpweya watsopano kwa ola limodzi kapena awiri.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Nthaka yomwe ili mumphika ndi lavenda iyenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse. Mtengowo umathiriridwa ndi madzi okhazikika pamtunda wofunda kamodzi patsiku. Koma, ngati chipindacho chili bwino, ndiye kuti kuthirira kumacheperachepera, chifukwa kusefukira kwa mbewuyo kumapha.
Zomera zazing'ono zimadyetsa kwa milungu khumi feteleza wapadera masiku 7 aliwonse. Zomera zazikulu zimafunika kudyetsedwa pokhapokha maluwa.
Nthawi imeneyi, lavenda amakonda feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Potere, mbewu zikafota, ntchito yake iyenera kusiyidwa.
Kukonzekera lavenda kwa dzinja
Lavender wobzalidwa kunyumba ndi mbewu yokongoletsera yomwe imapuma nthawi yozizira. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupanga nyengo zina za duwa ndikuzikonzekeretsa nyengo yachisanu:
- Ma bus pambuyo pa maluwa amafunika kudulidwa mfundo zingapo pamwamba pa chiyambi cha maluwa.
- Zimayambira zowuma zimachotsedwa.
- Mphika wa lavenda umayikidwa m'chipinda chozizira.
- Kutsirira kumachepetsedwa kamodzi pa sabata.
Mukakulitsa lavenda m'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mbewuyo ili ndi kuwala kokwanira. Kupanda kutero, masamba ayamba kumira ndikufota.
Kugwiritsa ntchito lavenda
Kuphatikiza pa chakuti lavenda ndi chomera chokongola, maluwa ndi masamba ake amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokometsera, kapena kupanga mafuta a lavenda kuchokera kwa iwo.
Mafuta ofunikira a lavenda amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zonunkhira ndi mankhwala za mankhwala osambira. Masamba ophatikizika ndi chouma amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika.
Amakhala ndi kukoma kwa tart komanso fungo lamphamvu. Ndi chithandizo chawo, nyama ndi nsomba zimapereka fungo lapadera. Mitundu youma imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga misuzi.
Kukula lavenda kunyumba si ntchito yovuta. Ndi kuyatsa kwabwino komanso chisamaliro choyenera, mtengowo udzabwezeranso ndikukusangalatsani ndi maluwa okongola onunkhira.
