Hops - Lumi Liana

Kodi mukudziwa kuti pakati pa mitengo yathu ya herbaceous pali liana, kutalika kwake kumafikira zoposa 10 m? Uwu ndiye msipu wamtchire wodziwika kwambiri. Dzina lake ndi lopindika. M'mphepete mwa mitsinje, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi nkhalango zowirira zambiri, mutha kuwona chithunzi chosaiwalika: mbuto zobiriwira zimawoneka ngati zingwe.

Kwa zaka makumi awiri kapena kupitirira apo, mpweya wa wowumbayo ukukhala moyo, umataya phesi latsopano pachaka.

Dothi likangotha ​​kutentha mchaka, masamba ophukira amadzuka, kutulutsa mphukira zonenepa kwambiri. M'mawonekedwe, mphukira izi zimafanana ndi masamba a masamba, omwe panthawiyi amatha kupikisana patebulo. Hop imafalikira ndi kulawa ngati katsitsumzukwa. Koma mphukira zidafulumira kuthandiza, zitsamba zopingasa kapena mitengo yaying'ono. Hexagonal ikukula, yopanda kanthu, ngati hemp, imayamba mofulumira. Matchuthi awo amapindika mosachedwa. Mwa tenacity, zopyapyala zoonda, zosinthika komanso zazitali zimakhala ndi ma spikes akhomali.

Hop imasiyana, pa petioles yofiirira yayitali.

Maluwa amawonetsa mosachedwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Maluwa achimuna ndi ocheperako, amadzisonkhanitsa. Mbewu zouma ndizopepuka, zowuma. Atakutidwa ndi mphepo, amatha kunyamulidwa mpaka mtunda wa 3 km. Pambuyo maluwa, panicles amagwa. Ma inflorescence ena achikazi ndi ma cones ophatikizika mumtunda kuchokera panthambi. Chulucho chimakhala ndi maluwa omwe amaikidwa pamtengo. Maluwa achikazi ophatikiza pambuyo pake amatulutsa nthanga, zomwe ndi mtedza waung'ono wakuda.

Hops limamasula kwa nthawi yayitali, kuyambira Julayi mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Pamapeto maluwa pamakala, tsinde ndi ovary, ndizosavuta kuzindikira thovu zazing'ono zachikasu. Awa ndi ma gulin a lupulin, chifukwa cha nthawi yomwe anthu akhala akuwuka patali. Ikani zonunkhira izi mu kvass ka zonunkhira. Mukuphika mkate, imatha m'malo yisiti.

Mitundu yakucha ya hop imakhala yolemera kwambiri ku lupulin mwakuti ndiyofunika kukhudza, popeza ufa wachikasu umawaza kuchokera kwa iwo. Awa ndi mbewu za lupulin. Mitembo ikangoyamba kutulutsa fungo lonunkhira, ndipo masikelo akuwoneka bwino - ndiyo nthawi yoyambira kuyeretsa.

Pachikhalidwe, kukwera hops kwapangidwa kuyambira zaka za Middle Ages. Kuchokera pamalingaliro azachuma bwanji zomwe sizinaganiziridwe! Zidadziwika kuti chomera ichi chimatha kupanga mafuta onse, omwe amachokera ku inflorescence, ndi fiber, omwe siwotsika kwambiri mpaka hemp. Mphukira zazing'ono zisanaphuke ku Caucasus zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ndiwo zamasamba. Mwanthawi yaiwisi, mphukira zimaphwanyidwa ndikudya mu saladi, yophika - kuthiriridwa ndi msuzi wa nati ndikudya m'malo mwa nyemba ndi katsitsumzukwa. Masamba achichepere, odulidwa ndi kuthira mchere, ndi oyenera kuphika msuzi wobiriwira wa kabichi m'malo kabichi kapena nettle.

Chomera ichi chimawetedwa ndi ma rhizomes kapena kufupikitsa-kudula-mbande. M'mazenera achikulire, mikwingwirima yonse yokonzedweratu imadulidwa. Chizindikiro choti mudule ndi kufa kwathunthu kwa zimayambira. Ma-discripe ochulukirapo amakhala ofiira, pafupifupi opanda lupulin ndipo sayenera bizinesi.