Maluwa a tiyi a haibridi: mitundu yabwino kwambiri, zithunzi, kufotokozera

Mpaka 1976, banja longa tiyi wosakanizidwa silimapezeka m'maluwa. Idayambitsidwa ndi La France, yomwe idasungidwa mu 1867 ndi wobereketsa waku France J.B. Andre Guillot, yemwe adaganiza zodutsa tiyi ndikubwezeretsa. Komabe, malinga ndi Guillot mwiniwake, mitunduyi imayenera kutchedwa mtundu wa roseu. Chodziwika bwino cha maluwa onse a tiyi osakanizidwa ndikuti ngakhale timayala tating'onoting'ono timakhala tisatulutsa maluwa.

Ma tiyi a hybrid maluwa pa chiwembucho

Ngati titembenukira ku zizindikilo wamba zomwe maluwa amtundu wa tiyi amatha kutsimikizika, ndiye Mitu ikuluikulu ndi:

• khwekhwe;
• mawonekedwe owongoka (opindika).

Maluwa nthawi zambiri amakulira m'mabedi amaluwa, pomwe amatha kukula mpaka masentimita 60-80. Ali ndi masamba akuluakulu omwe wopangidwa ndi masamba 5-7okhala ndi mithunzi yosiyanasiyana.

Ngakhale kuti pali maluwa osiyanasiyana, maluwa amenewa nthawi zonse amakhalabe okongola, amasangalatsa wolima munda ndi fungo lokhazikika. Ma inflorescence ndi akulu, okhala ndi mawonekedwe a terry, amawonetsedwa ngati osakwatiwa kapena amapangidwa ndi gulu la inflorescence yaying'ono. Maluwa ndi afupikitsa ndipo satha masiku osapitilira 30-35. Pambuyo pake, pali kupuma, komwe kumatenga pafupifupi masiku 15-30. Pambuyo pa nthawi yoikidwiratu, chitsamba chija chimayambanso kukula, ndikupitilizabe kusangalatsa diso la wolimayo mpaka nthawi yophukira.

Maonekedwe okongola amawonetsedwa kupatula mitundu yonse ya maluwa a tiyi osakanizidwa omwe amatha kubzala mu chitsamba kapena mawonekedwe wamba. Amabzidwanso nthawi zambiri pansi pagalasi, pakakhala zofunika kupeza zipatso zatsopano nthawi yozizira.

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya maluwa a tiyi osakanizidwa

Ngakhale mitundu iyi yambiri ili pamndandanda mitundu ina ya tiyi wosakanizidwa wamaluwa amatha kusiyanitsidwaomwe ali odziwika kwambiri osati m'dziko lathu lokha, komanso padziko lonse lapansi.

• Blue Mwezi. Maluwa amtunduwu amtundu wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa ambiri. Ngati mungayang'ane chithunzichi, zitha kuoneka kuti masamba a chomera ndi apamwamba kwambiri, amasanduka okongola kwambiri m'chilimwe, maluwa akuluakulu atapangidwa nthawi yotulutsa. Mtundu wa masamba ndi wobiriwira wakuda, pali mawonekedwe a gloss. Tchire limakula ndi mphamvu pang'ono, zoyerekeza zambiri zimakhala zazitali masentimita 90. Zimasiyana ndi abale ake mu fungo lokhazikika komanso ma pedicel amtali, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula. Mukadzakulitsa, imathanso kukhudzidwa ndi powdery mildew, choncho, chithandizo chothandizira kupewa chimayenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi.
• "Tsiku la Gloria." Mitundu iyi imadziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Zodzikongoletsera zake zazikulu ndi maluwa achikasu achikuda okhala ndi malire a pinki, omwe amafikira mainchesi 15. Amakhala ndi masamba obiriwira amtundu wokhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Itha kumera mpaka mamita 1,2-2. Ngakhale zimamera mwamphamvu munyengo, kudulira kwamphamvu sikofunika kwa iye. Mwa zoperewera, ndikofunikira kudziwa za maluwa omalizira ndi fungo lofooka. Zosiyanasiyana zimataya chidwi chake panthawi yamaluwa oyenda. Chifukwa chake, pazizindikiro zoyambirira za maluwa kumaliza, kudulira kuyenera kuchitidwa. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa osati maluwa okha, komanso gawo la tsinde ndi masamba ovuta.
• Kusangalala Kawiri. Maluwa amitundu yosiyanasiyana iyi ali ndi fungo lonunkhira bwino komanso maluwa awiri okhala ndi mtundu wa kirimu, wokongoletsedwa ndi malire ofiira. Kukula kwake, tchire ndi laling'ono kwambiri, kutalika kwake kumatha kufika 90 cm, ndikupanga mphukira zowongoka. Mosiyana ndi achibale ake ambiri, imagwira kwambiri matenda a fungus, osagwira chisanu.
• Nicole, kapena Osiria. Nthawi yakula, masamba akuluakulu amapangidwa, mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 8. Maluwa, omwe amafikira kutalika kwa 12-16 cm, nawonso ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Ali ndi mawonekedwe a terry ndipo amakopa ndi mtundu wake wokongola. Ziphuphu ndizofiyira zakuda pamtunda ndipo pansi pake ndi zoyera bwino. Pa maluwa, fungo losakhazikika bwino. Itha kumera kutalika mpaka 70-80 cm.

Mitundu Ya Mitundu Yophatikiza ndi Ma Hybrid

Mu gululi, wina amathanso kusiyanitsa mbewu zambiri zofunika.

• Red Velvet. Chofunikira chake ndikuti peduncle iliyonse ili ndi Mphukira umodzi, wopangidwa ngati galasi. Kusintha kuchokera ku maluwa kupita ku maluwa kumatenga nthawi yambiri. Tiyi yamtundu wa wosakanizidwa idakhala ndi dzina chifukwa cha mtundu wake woyambirira: maluwa amakhala ndi ubweya wofiirira wakuda wokhala ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wakuda. Pakukula kwambiri, maluwa amatulutsa mainchesi 12 cm. Masamba ndi okulirapo, ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wakuda ndi mawonekedwe a gloss. Tsinde lokhazikika limapangidwa, lomwe limafikira kutalika kwa mita 1-1.8.
• "Rose Gozhar". Izi zosiyanasiyana sizodziwika kwa akatswiri ambiri, komanso wamba wamaluwa. Ili ndi maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu iwiri. Ziphuphu zojambulidwa ndi utoto wofiirira, pomwe zakunja ndi pafupi ndi tsinde zili ndi mtundu wa siliva. Imawoneka ndi fungo labwino. Mtundu wa masamba ndi wobiriwira wakuda, pali mawonekedwe a gloss. Zomera zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu, zimakula mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 110. Iwo adatchuka kwambiri chifukwa chokana kutengera zovuta.
• Texas Apricot. Nthawi yakula imapanga maluwa akuluakulu, omwe amakula kutalika mpaka 14 cm. Ili ndi kapangidwe ka terry. Ma petals okongoletsedwa mu utoto wa apricot ali ndi mawonekedwe olimba, oleza bwino mvula. Chitsamba chokhazikika sichimakula kuposa masentimita 130.

Mitundu yayikulu-yamiyayi yamaluwa osakanizidwa

Gulu la mbewu lilinso losafunikira kwenikweni chifukwa cha kutalika kokwanira.

• Virginia. Ngakhale kukula kwake kwapakati, masamba ake amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana komanso amakula mpaka 5 cm. Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimapangidwanso ndi mitundu ina yambiri ndi mitundu yambiri ya petals (31). Ali ndi masamba okhuthala amdima wamdima wobiriwira. Tsinde limakula mpaka kutalika kwa 60-70 cm, lomwe limakhala ndi timizere ting'onoting'ono.
• Nsanja ya Eiffel. Mu Kukula kumapangika kukhala kwamtali ndi masamba obiriwira, kumafikira masentimita 7. Maluwa ndi ofiira okongola, owoneka bwino amakhala pansi. Ma inflorescence ndi akulu ndi zizindikiro za terry, zosiyanitsidwa ndi fungo lamphamvu. Masamba ndi akulu, amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wopepuka wokhala ndi matte. Tchire limakula bwino, lili ndi tsinde lalitali, lomata. Pambuyo podulira, zokongoletsera zimasungidwa kwa masiku osaposa 5; palibe chifukwa chodikirira kuti maluwa athe. Zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimafunsidwa zimagwirizana ndi matenda a fungus.
• Madzi Ozizira. Chomera chachitali, chotalika masentimita 70-90. Maluwa ndi akulu, ndipo kutalika kwake mpaka 10cm wa lilac hue. Fungo lofooka kwambiri.
• Sphinx Golide. Nthawi yakula imapanga maluwa achikasu-lalanje, masamba achikasu apakatikati. Chomera chimakhala chachikulu kutalika kwa 40-70 cm.Chifupizachi nchakatali, spikes chokhala ndi mitundu ina yambiri sichikupezeka. Mukadulira, imakhalabe yokongola kwa masiku 10-12.
• Zabwino. Zokongoletsera zazikuluzikulu ndi maluwa a apricot-lalanje, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi tinthu ta amber ndi zolembera zofiira pamalangizo a pamakhala. Ili ndi masamba akulu 10 cm, kapangidwe kake, kuchuluka kwa ma petals pa inflorescence imodzi ndi 35-40. Ndomera yayitali, yomwe imakula kutalika mpaka 80 cm. Imalekerera matenda ambiri bwino, osalimbana ndi kuzizira.

Mitundu yoyera ndi yachikaso yamaluwa osakanizidwa a tiyi

Gulu la duwa la rose limakhalanso nthawi zambiri ntchito zokongoletsera.

• "Anastasia." Amapanga maluwa oyera okhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi 11 masentimita, fungo lofooka. Chomera chachitali, chotalika masentimita 100. Chimalekerera matenda ambiri, chimatha kutengeka nthawi yozizira. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula, nthawi yachisanu kumazizira kumapanganso ma inflorescence.
• "Anna". Ili ndi miyala yoyera yokongoletsedwa m'mphepete mwa pinki. Panthawi ya maluwa, m'mimba mwake ndi masentimita 80. Chomera chachitali, chotalika masentimita 80. Chimadziwika ndi zipatso zambiri. Imalekerera matenda ambiri.
• Kutuluka kwa Tequila. Amawerengedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka ya maluwa ophatikiza tiyi. Maluwa okongoletsedwa ndi mthunzi wachikaso wokhala ndi malire ofiira amakongoletsa tsinde lake. Fungo lowonongeka pang'onopang'ono limachokera ku maluwa. Mtundu wa masamba ndi wobiriwira wakuda, pali mawonekedwe a gloss. Chomera chapakatikati, chofikira masentimita 80. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa ambiri, matenda ambiri amaloledwa bwino.
• Landora. Woimira banjayu amasangalala ndi maluwa awiri, omwe amakhala ndi ma 47 47. Ma inflorescence ali ndi kuwala kowoneka bwino achikaso, amawoneka mokongola kwambiri ndi malo apamwamba. Pawiri, amafika masentimita 10. Fungo labwino limadulidwa, limapangidwa ngati ma inflorescence amodzi okhala ndi masamba a 9. Ubwino wake ndi wautali komanso wopatsa maluwa ambiri. Chomera chamtundu wapakati ndi chaching'ono kukula, kutalika kwake sikuposa masentimita 100. Imalekerera kuzizira kwa nthawi yozizira, komwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula.

Maluwa a Pinki ndi Ofiira a Ma Tebr

Pali mafani ambiri a gululi la rose, omwe adatchuka chifukwa cha mtundu wolemera.

• Flamingo Pa nthawi ya kukula, mikate yayitali yokhazikika imapangidwa. Ma inflorescence ali ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino wa pinki, wopendekera mawonekedwe, amasiyanitsidwa ndi chisomo komanso kukula kwakukulu, ali ndi mawonekedwe omata, owonda onunkhira pang'ono, ndipo amapangidwe mwanjira ngati ma inflorescence amodzi omwe amamera pamtunda wautali, wolimba. Mtundu wa masamba ndi wobiriwira wakuda. Pali mtundu wachikopa, womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi ufa wouma. Ma spikes akulu amapezeka ndikuyikidwa pafupipafupi. Nthawi yakula, nthambi yolimba yomwe imakhala ndi nthambi zambiri imapangidwa. Mwayi ndi maluwa ambiri.
• Lankoma. Tchire limakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa owala a pinki. Akuluakulu, amafikira mainchesi 10. Tchire ndi lalitali, limakula mpaka 100 cm. Amadziwika ndi maluwa ambiri.
• "Bill de Vieberban." Maluwa a Terry amakongoletsa tsinde, pamakhala mitundu yapinki ndi yachikasu. Zimawoneka ndi fungo labwino kwambiri. Chilichonse chogwiritsa maluwa chimapanga maluwa amodzi okha. Chomera chachitali kwambiri chomwe chimafikira mamita 1,2. Amadziwika ndi maluwa ochulukirapo, omwe munthawi ya nyengo amatha kupezeka kangapo. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula.
• "Vien Rose". Tchire zowoneka bwino zamaluwa amtunduwu zimapangidwa ndi maluwa a pinki, ofika masentimita 11. Chomerachi ndi chachitali, chimafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 150, chili ndi ma speni akuthwa, chimaleketsa matenda, kwenikweni sichimazizira nyengo yachisanu. Nyengo imatha kuphuka kangapo. Ndiwodulidwa wosiyanasiyana, wabwino kukakamiza maluwa.
• Corvette Mitundu yoyambirira imapangidwa ndi maluwa ofiira a goblet omwe amakhalanso atsopano kwa nthawi yayitali. Mtundu wa masamba ndi wobiriwira wakuda, pali mawonekedwe a gloss. Zomera zimakhala zazitali, zimatalika masentimita 80. Mabesi amatha kulekerera bwino matenda komanso kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira. Zabwino kudula, nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo limodzi ndi malo amodzi.

Pomaliza

Maluwa a tiyi a haibridi amatha kukongoletsa kanyumba kalikonse ka chilimwe kopanda zoyipa kuposa zachikhalidwe. Lero mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana imakhala yosungikazomwe zabwino zake sizimangokhala pazinthu zokongoletsera zokha. Pakati pawo pali mitundu yambiri yomwe imalekerera bwino nyengo yachisanu, chifukwa chomwe imatha kumera ngati mbewu zosatha.

Mitundu yambiri yamakono ya maluwa a tiyi osakanizidwa amatha kuphuka nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wokhalabe wokongoletsera mpaka kugwa. Pakati pawo pali mitundu yambiri yomwe zabwino kudula. Chifukwa chake, maluwa ophatikiza tiyi amawoneka ngati chomera chokongoletsera bwino kwambiri, chomwe chimatha kukongoletsa osati gawo lokhalamo anthu, komanso mkati mwanyumbayo. Ndikokwanira kusankha pazofunika kwambiri za mbewuzi, chifukwa kwa ena, zokopa zili pamalo oyamba, ndipo kwa ena, fungo.