Zokongoletsa komanso zothandiza.

Anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti hawthorn ndi mbewu yokongoletsera, yopatsa chidwi, malo okongoletsa minda, mapaki, mabwalo m'magawo osiyanasiyana a dziko lino. Chipilala chopangidwa moyenera, cholimba, choyambirira, "chokhala ndi moyo," chokhalitsa (cha 200th ngakhale zaka 300) chimasinthiratu nkhata zopangidwa ndi mpanda wa konkriti, konkriti, ndi zina zotere. Tikupangira kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwazinthu 50 zake zomwe zikukula mdziko lathu ngati minda. magazi a hawthorn ofiira ku banja la Rosaceae. Lilibe zokongoletsera zokha, komanso lili ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso mankhwala.

Mwachilengedwe, nyambo imeneyi imapezeka kumadera akum'mawa kwa gawo la ku Europe komanso kum'mwera kwa Siberia, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, nthawi zina pansi pa nkhalango, m'mipata.

Dzinalo limachokera ku liwu Lachi Greek, lomwe potanthauzira limatanthawuza mwamphamvu. Khwangwala, kwenikweni, ali ndi matabwa olimba ndi ma spine olimba.

Posachedwa, chilolezo chalamulo chapezeka chogwiritsidwa ntchito kuchipatala ndi mitundu ina ya hawthorn: prickly hawthorn, yomwe imapezeka ku mayiko a Baltic ndi Transcarpathia, ndi Daurian ochokera ku Eastern Siberia, Amur ndi Primorye. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuyika zipatso za hawthorn odnestichnogo ndi Altai. Owerenga ati azitha kugwiritsa ntchito mitunduyi m'makola awo pokonzera dimba komanso mankhwala.

Magazi ofiirira a hawthorn ndi chitsamba chamtali, ndipo nthawi zina mtengo wawung'ono mpaka 4 m kutalika ndi mphukira zofiirira zosapangika, wokongoletsedwa mu Meyi-June ndi maluwa oyera ndi apinki mpaka mainchesi 1.5. Mu nthawi yophukira, mbewuyo imakutidwa ndi zovala zofiirira - ndizokongoletsedwa ndi zipatso zofiira kuzungulira mpaka 1 cm, zopendekeka pazitali zazitali. Zipatso zimapsa mu Ogasiti-Sepemba.

Itha kufalikira ndi mbewu ndi mizu. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mbande zimakula pang'onopang'ono ndikuyamba kubereka zipatso kuyambira zaka 10-15. Chifukwa chake, njira yokonzera zomera zamasamba ndiyabwino.

Ngati pazifukwa zina mwasankha kubzala mbewu kuchokera kumbewu, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti muzifesa koyamba pazokwera kwapadera mpaka masentimita 2-3 m'mizere, mtunda womwe uli pakati pa 15-20 cm. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mupeze 22-24 chaka choyamba, chachiwiri 18 mpaka 20 mbande zokula bwino zakonzeka kuzika. Zinthu zobzala zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyala hedges, kubzala mu mizere 2-3. Mtunda pakati pa mbewu motsatana ndi 40-45 cm, pakati pa mizere ya 0.5 m.

Zomera zobzalidwa m'm zitsime 20 20 30, zopangidwa ndi nitroammophos, 100 g iliyonse. Patsamba mungathe kupanga makatani kuchokera ku hawthorn.

Pakabyala kamodzi (panokha), ndikofunikira kusankha poyera malo a hawthorn, chifukwa choti siokongola kwambiri pamtunda.

Mphamvu zachilengedwe za chomera zakhala zikudziwika kuyambira nthawi ya Dioscorides. Tsopano kukonzekera kuchokera ku hawthorn kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ku France, Austria, East Germany, Poland ndi maiko ena. M'dziko lathu, mankhwala ovomerezeka amagwiritsa ntchito maluwa ndi zipatso za mbewu iyi matenda amtima kwambiri: magwiridwe antchito a mtima, matenda amtima, angioneurosis, paroxysmal tachycardia, atraya fibrillation. Kukonzekera kwa Hawthorn kumapangitsa magazi kulowa mumitsempha ya mtima ndi ubongo.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya kipimo kuchokera pa hawthorn: tincture wa zipatso, kutulutsa kwamadzimadzi, zipatso mu phukusi ndi maluwa mu phukusi.

Mafuta omwe amapezeka m'mazira a hawthorn ofiira wamagazi ndi gawo limodzi la mankhwala odziwika a cardiovalen. Kukonzekera kwa hawthorn kumakhala ndi poizoni wochepa ndipo kumapangitsa chidwi ndi mtima wotopa, kuchepetsa cholesterol yamagazi.

Ikani mankhwalawa pamwambapa pokhapokha pokhapokha ngati dokotala akuwapatsa mphindi 30 musanadye mawonekedwe a kulowetsedwa kwamadzimadzi (supuni 1 yamaluwa, zipatso mu kapu ya madzi otentha), imwani supuni katatu patsiku kapena mankhwalawa (40-70% mowa ) 20 akutsikira katatu pa tsiku; zotulutsa zamadzimadzi (70% mowa) 20-30 imatsika katatu patsiku.

Maluwa ndi zipatso za hawthorn zimakhala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zofunika - flavonoids, carotenoids, pectins, fructose, etc. Mizu yake ndi zida zopezera utoto wachikasu wopanda vuto. M'mbewu - mafuta ochulukirapo 30%. Hawthorn ndi chomera chabwino cha uchi. Makungwa ake amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chofufuta.

Pochita zanyama, tinthorn tinthorn imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mtima ndi ziwalo zozungulira zokhudzana ndi mtima ndi matenda a mtima, kuchepa kwa myocardial.

Mu mankhwala azikhalidwe, kulowetsedwa kwa zipatso ndi maluwa kwakhala kukugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kugona tulo, kutentha thupi, kufupika, palpitations, kutsokomola komanso monga kusinkhira mankhwalawa amanjenje, mphumu. Zipatso ndi masamba zimathandiziranso tiyi.

Mukamasunga maluwa, muyenera kukumbukira kuti nthawi yamaluwa a hawthorn ndi yochepa kwambiri, masiku 3-4 okha. Simungathe kuzisonkhanitsa m'mawa, mpaka mame atawuma, komanso mvula itatha. Zomwe anaziunjikira ziikidwenso pasanadutse maola 1-2 mutangotenga m in chipinda chamtchire, pansi pa denga kapena pabwino mpweya, kufalitsa wosanjikiza nsalu kapena pepala. Zokolola zamaluwa owuma ndi 18 - 20%.

Zopangira zimakhala ndi inflorescence kapena maluwa pawokha okhala ndi ma pedicels. Malinga ndi GOST, iyenera kuyenderana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi: kukhala ndi fungo lofooka, lachilendo, zowawa pang'ono, zonunkhira bwino. Zinyezi zokhala ndi zopangira sizopitilira 14%, phulusa lathunthu 11%, mbali zina za mbewu zosaposa 3%, maluwa otuwa mpaka 3.5%, zosakhudzana ndi michere mpaka 0,5%. Iyenera kusungidwa mumbale zouma, mabokosi okhala ndi pepala loyera, lolemera. Mtengo wogula wa maluwa owuma ndi ma ruble 5. 1 makilogalamu.

Zipangizo zatsopano kuchokera ku zipatso malinga ndi GOST 3852-75 ziyenera kukhala ndi kakomedwe kotsekemera, thupi la chikaso, chinyezi mpaka 14%, phulusa lathunthu - 3%, zipatso zowotcheredwa ndikuchita khungu chifukwa chosaposa 3%, zokhala ndi utoto, utoto mpaka 1%, m'mapulogalamu mpaka 1%, s mapesi osagaidwa, ogawika, mafupa ndi nthambi zosaposa 2%, zosakhudzana ndi chilengedwe mpaka 1%, zosafunika zam'mimba mpaka 0,5%, zinthu zina zowonjezera - osachepera 25%. Nthawi yovomerezeka yosungirako zinthu zakale ndi zaka 2.

Nthawi yabwino yokolola zipatso ndi Seputembara-Okutobala. Zouma mu uvuni mu 50-60 °. Zotulutsa zouma ndi 25%. Mtengo wogula zipatso zouma ndi ma ruble 2. 1 makilogalamu.

Zipatso ndi maluwa a hawthorn ayenera kukhala ophatikizira mankhwala mu khabati yamankhwala kunyumba ndikugwiritsa ntchito monga mwauzidwa ndi dokotala.

Mutha kuperekera zopitilira muyeso zamakina a mankhwala.

Zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito:

• A. Rabinovich, Dokotala wa Sayansi ya Zamankhwala.