Chomera cha aglaonema (Aglaonema) ndi membala wa banja lacidon. Mitundu iyi imagwirizanitsa mitundu 20-50. Zomerazi zimapezeka pansi pa nyengo zachilengedwe m'malo otentha a New Guinea, a Mala Archipelago, komanso ku Southeast Asia kudutsa m'mphepete mwa mitsinje kumapiri ndi nkhalango.
Zina aglaonema
Aglaonema ndi zitsamba zobiriwira nthawi zonse. Phesi lalifupi ndi lowongoka ndilabwino. Pali mitundu ina pomwe thunthu limayamba kubindikira. Tsinde limapezeka pokhapokha pazomera zazikulu, pomwe mapangidwe ake amachitika chifukwa chakuuluka kuzungulira masamba asamba. Mtundu wa masamba kutengera mtundu wa mbewu. Mawonekedwe amtundu wakuda amakukhudza mbale ndi ovate kapena lanceolate. Amalumikizidwa ku tsinde ndi petioles, omwe amatha kukhala aatali kapena aafupi. M'mphepete mwa masamba muli zonse, pomwe mbaleyo idapangidwa, ndipo kutsogolo kwake kuli mtsempha wamkati wopsinjika, pomwe mbali yolakwika imakhazikika. Pamwamba pa chomeracho, kuchokera pa mitengo itatu mpaka itatu yokhala ndi chophimba choyera ngati masamba obiriwira imamera pamiyeso ya masamba, ndipo ndi infllomc inflorescence. Kutengera mtundu wa mbewu, ma cobs agawidwa m'mitundu iwiri:
- kanyumba kakulidwe kozungulira - m'mimba mwake kufika 10 mm, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi 40 mm;
- cylindrical woonda - kutalika kwawo ndi pafupifupi 60 mm, ndipo m'mimba mwake amafikira 5 mm.
Chipatsochi ndi mabulosi oola zipatso, mkati mwake momwe muli mbewu 1 yokhala ndi lalanje lolemera kapena loyera. Zipatso zimacha pakatha miyezi 6-8.
Aglonema amasamalira kunyumba
Kupepuka
Kuthengo, aglaonema amakonda kumera m'malo otetezeka. Pankhaniyi, komanso kukula pakhomo, chomera chimafuna mthunzi wocheperako. Ngati masamba apendedwa ndi dzuwa, ndiye kuti akhoza kuwotchedwa. Ngati mawonekedwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana atakula, ndiye kuti pamafunika kuwala kowala ndi dzuwa, apo ayi kukongoletsa kwake kudzataika.
Mitundu yotentha
M'chilimwe, mbewuyo imakhala yotentha kwambiri madigiri 20-25, pomwe nthawi yozizira siyenera kutsika ndi 16 madigiri. Zomera ziyenera kutetezedwa ku zojambula, chifukwa zimatha kuziwononga. Komanso, duwa limakumana ndi zovuta kwambiri pakusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha.
Momwe mungamwere
Aglaonema amathiridwa madzi osalala kwambiri. Kuthirira kwambiri kumachitika pokhapokha pazoyala pamwamba pa gawo lapansi. Makamaka chomera chimafunikira kuthirira panthawi yake masika ndi chilimwe, chikakhala ndi nyengo yakukula. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachitika masiku angapo pambuyo pamtunda wapamwamba wa gawo lapansi. Tikumbukire kuti duwa limatha kuwonongeka poyimitsa dothi, ndikusokosera kwamadzi mu gawo lapansi.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Chomera choterocho chimafunikira chinyezi chambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amafunika kuti azilungika mwadongosolo kuchokera ku sprayer osati kokha. Ngati chipinda chomwe aglaonema ili ndi chinyezi chokwanira kwambiri, ndiye kuti masamba ake azikhala otsika, komanso kusinthika kwawo kudzachitika, pomwe malangizo ndi m'mbali mwa mbalezo azitha. Kuti achulukitse chinyezi, alimi odziwa bwino amalangizidwa kuthira miyala kapena kuumba dongo m'thumba ndikuthiramo madzi pang'ono, ndikuyika mphika wamaluwa pamwamba. Onetsetsani kuti madzi ndi pansi pamphika sizigwira. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, ngati chipindacho chikuzirala bwino chikuyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri.
Feteleza
M'nyengo yozizira, aglaonema safuna zakudya zowonjezera. Muyenera kudyetsa chomera kuyambira kasupe woyamba mpaka masiku omaliza a chilimwe kamodzi pakatha masabata awiri, pomwe mukufunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa mineral ndi organic. Kuphatikizika kwa yankho la michere kuyenera kukhala monga momwe kwasonyezedwera phukusi ndi feteleza.
Thirani
Kuwongola kwa mbewu zazing'ono kumachitika kamodzi pachaka. Tchire chachikulire ziyenera kulozedwedwa mchaka, koma nthawi zambiri (nthawi 1 mu zaka 4 kapena 5). Gawo lodzala dimba loterolo liyenera kukhala ndi dothi la dothi komanso mchenga, mchenga, makala ndi peat, omwe amatengedwa pang'onopang'ono pa 1: 6: 2: 2: 1. Mutha kutenga dothi losakanikirana, lomwe limapangidwa ndi dothi lamasamba, peat ndi mchenga (2: 1: 1), makala ochepa okha amayenera kutsanulidwamo. Popewa kukokoloka kwa madzi m'nthaka, pobzala pansi pamphika muyenera kupanga dope labwino. Maluwa oterowo amatha kudalilika hydroponically.
Kodi aglaonema ndi poyizoni
Ngati ilowa pakhungu kapena mucous nembanemba wa msuzi pachawo kapena zipatso zake, mkwiyo ungawonekere. Mukamagwira ntchito ndi maluwa kumaliza, sambani m'manja ndi sopo.
Njira zolerera
Kufalitsa kwa aglaonema ndi odulidwa
Aglaonema ingafalitsidwe ndi kudula pokhapokha ngati nthambi yake itayamba kapena thunthu liziwoneka bwino kumapeto kwa gawo la rosette. Tsinde liyenera kudulidwa, monga momwe zimachitidwira ndi cutical apical. Pambuyo pake, imagawidwa m'magawo angapo, omwe aliwonse amafunika kutalika kwa 90-100 mm, okhala ndi masamba amtundu uliwonse. Siyani zigawo kwa maola 24 panja kuti ziume ndipo musaiwale kuthana ndi malo odulidwa. Kenako, kumapeto kwa chogwirira kumayenera kuzamitsidwa ndi 50 mm kukhala gawo lapansi lopangidwa ndi mchenga ndi peat. Chidebe chokhala ndi zodulirazo chimatsukidwa pamalo otentha (kuchokera pa 22 mpaka 25 madigiri), ngati zonse zachitika molondola, ndiye kuti mizu yake imayenera kuwonekera pakatha milungu 4. Ngatiotha m'munsi mugwiritsidwa ntchito pozula, ndiye kuti odulidwawo adzaphuka pambuyo masiku 20. Pakakhala mini-wowonjezera kutentha, kudula kumalimbikitsidwa mu kasupe kapena chilimwe. Zidutswa za tsinde zikazika mizu, zibzalidwe m'miphika yodzadza ndi gawo lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito podzala aglaonema wamkulu.
Kulima mbewu
Mukasamalira chomerachi moyenera, ndizotheka kuti chimaphukira maluwa m'chilimwe. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti chivundikiro-inflorescence sichimayimira mtengo wapadera wokongoletsa. Izi zimachitika kuti kudziyankhira kumachitika mumera wotere, chifukwa chake, ma ruby kapena zipatso zamalalanje amapanga. Yembekezani mpaka zipatsozo zipse mwachangu pachitsamba, zitatha kuzigwiritsira ntchito pakufesa. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ndi njira yobala iyi, zilembo zamtundu wa aglaonema sizisungidwa nthawi zonse.
Kuchokera pa zamkati mwa zipatsozo mumayenera kuchotsa mbewu zomwe zimatsukidwa bwino pansi pamadzi, kenako zimafesedwa m'mbale mumadzaza ndi mchenga ndi peat (1: 1). Mbewu siziyenera kusungidwa, chifukwa zimataya msanga mphamvu.
Mbewu zimayenera kuchotsedwa pamalo otentha ndikuwapatsa madzi okwanira. Mbande zikuwoneka mwachangu. Mukangopanga masamba amodzi owona, mbewuyo imadulidwa m'miphika yaying'ono. Tchire zikakula, zimasinthidwira mumiphika yayikulu. Pakatha zaka zitatu kapena 4, mudzakhala mutakhala kale ndi tchire.
Gawoli
Chomerachi chimafalitsidwanso ndikugawa rhizome, chomwe chimapangidwa nthawi yobzala.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
- Masamba amachepa ndipo nsonga zake zimasanduka zofiirira. Chipindacho chimakhala ndi chinyezi chambiri kwambiri, chifukwa cha izi, tizilombo tina tosokoneza tulo timatha kukhazikika pa duwa. Musaiwale kuti nthawi zonse mumunyowetsa chitsamba kuchokera pa mfuti yokuthira, ndikuthiranso madzi mu poto, mutathira peat kapena kukulitsa dongo momwemo.
- Zomera curl. Amawonedwa ndi dontho lakuthwa kapena ngati duwa lawonetsedwa. Monga lamulo, kuwonjezera pakupotoza pambale, m'mphepete mumakhala bulauni.
- Masamba oyera-achikasu amtundu wa masamba. Amawoneka ngati zotumphukira dzuwa. Tchire limatsukidwa pang'ono ndikudikirira mpaka litazizira, kenako masamba ake amasungunuka ndi madzi kutentha kwa firiji.
- Wotseka chitsamba kukula, masamba amasandulika bulauni. Mtengowo udathiriridwa ndi madzi ozizira kapena ovuta. Thirirani aglaonema kokha ndi madzi osakhazikika kwa maola osachepera 24. Kufewetsa madzi mu ndowa, kutsanulira magalamu 0,2 a oxalic acid, zonse zimasakanikirana bwino ndikusiyidwa kwa maola 24. Mutha kuwiritsa madzi ndi citric acid.
Mwa tizirombo pa mbewuyi, nthata za akangaude, ma mebubu, nsabwe za m'matumbo, zophulika ndi maluwa zimatha kukhazikika.
Mitundu ya aglaonema yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina
Aglaonema wanzeru (Aglaonema nitidum)
Mtunduwu umachokera ku nkhalango zonyowa zomwe zimakhala kumapeto a Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra ndi Kalimantan. Kutalika kwa thunthu ndi pafupifupi masentimita 100. Kutalika kwa masamba obiriwira kapena masamba obiriwira obiriwira pafupifupi masentimita 45, ndipo m'lifupi ndi ―20 sentimita. Maonekedwe ake ndiwosachedwa, ndipo kutsogolo kuli kowala. Inflorescence imakhala ndi maluwa 2-5. Chule ndi 60 mm kutalika; chidakutidwa ndi kamavundikiro amtali pafupifupi kutalika kwake. Zipatsozo ndi zoyera.
Aglaonema yosinthika (Aglaonema commutatum), kapena aglaonema yosinthika
Zomera zimachokera ku Philippines ndi Sulawesi. Kutalika kwa tsinde lolunjika kumatha kusiyana ndi 0,2 mpaka 1.5 mita. Masamba a masamba ataliatali amatalika masentimita 30 ndi mainchesi 10. Inflorescence imakhala ndi maluwa a 3-6. Kutalika kwa chifuyo ndi 60 mm; kumakutidwa ndi chivundikiro chachitali. Zipatso zofiira zikapangidwa, chitsamba chimawoneka chowoneka bwino. Zosiyanasiyana:
- warburgii - papa pepala lozungulira m'mitsempha yammbali limadutsa mizere yoyera;
- ma elegans - pamagawo owala a masamba obiriwira pamtunda pali chithunzi cha utoto wobiriwira;
- maculatum - pamtunda pali ma penti obiriwira okhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino pali timitengo tofiirira.
Aglaonema oblongifolia (Aglaonema marantifolium)
Zomera zimachokera kumvula yamvula yamalo otentha a Singapore ndi Philippines, komanso kuzilumba za Borneo ndi Pinang. Kutalika kwa masamba akuluakulu obiriwira obiriwira kumakhala pafupifupi 0.3 m.Makhala ndi kutalika kwa pafupifupi mamita 01. Mitundu ina imakhala ndi utoto wamtundu wa siliva pamtunda wa masamba.
Utoto wa aglaonema (Aglaonema pictum)
Lingaliro lachilengedwe limachokera ku nkhalango zachinyezi zomwe zimakhala kuzilumba za Sumatra ndi Borneo. Kutalika kwa thunthu lambiri ndi pafupifupi 0.6 m. Mapangidwe a masamba akulu akulu obiriwira obiriwira ndi amtali. Utoto wa imvi umapezeka paliponse pamtunda. Mitundu ina, mawanga awa ndi utoto-siliva. Zipatso zake ndi zofiira.
Agibonema wa Agibonema (Aglaonema mtengo)
Kuchokera ku nkhalango zanyontho zomwe zili kudera lotentha la Southwest Malaysia. Chomera cha herbaceouschi chimakhala ndi thunthu nthambi pansi. Kutalika kwa mapepala okhala ndi pafupifupi 20 cm, ndipo m'lifupi ndi mainchesi 10. Pamaso pa masamba obiriwira obiriwira pamakhala timadontho ndi timitengo tofiira yoyera.
A modla aglaonema (Aglaonema modum), kapena aglaonema wolimbitsa
Mitunduyi imachokera ku nkhalango zachinyezi zomwe zimakhala kumapiri otsetsereka a Indochina ndi zisumbu za ku Malawi. Kutalika kwa thunthu la nthambi kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 50. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira ali ndi maziko osyanthika komanso osalala, amatha kutalika kwa masentimita 20, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi 9 centimita. Mbali iliyonse ya mtsempha wapakati pali zidutswa zingapo zamitsempha zamkati. Zipatso zofiira ndi zofanana ndi zipatso za chimanga.
