Popeza adziwapo kanthu pokulima zokongoletsera, olima dimba panthawi inayake amakhala ndi cholinga chokulima maluwa okongola. Ndipo ambiri saopa kuti izi sizingakhale zophweka.
Chomera chimadziwika ndi mitundu yayikulu ya mitundu, ndipo mwa iwo mulibe mitundu yambiri yomwe imatha kukula bwino muzipinda. Imodzi mwodziwika kwambiri ndi dendrobium orchid.
Banja ili limaphatikizira oimira monga phalaenopsis ndi dendrobium nobile orchid. Njira yolima yomwe imabzala mbewu zosowa chonchi nthawi iliyonse imatsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe a nyengo, zomwe sizachilengedwe kwa iwo.
Chifukwa orchid ndi woyimira banja la epiphyte, ndiye kuti chitukuko chawo chimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mpweya wouma, kusowa kwa kuyatsa ndi chinyezi chowonjezera.
Dendrobium nobile imadziwika ndi ziwalo zina za banja chifukwa cha kukongola kwake kodabwitsa, komwe kumadziwika ndi maluwa ake onunkhira akuluakulu. Mukukula, maluwawa amapanga ma pseudobulbs, omwe amawoneka ngati amakula tsinde, akudziunjikira chinyezi komanso michere. Nthawi yakula, mbewu nthawi ina imalowa m'malo opanda matalala, monga momwe zizindikilo zambiri zikusonyezera. Imasiya kukula ndikuyamba kukonzekera mphamvu zoyambitsa maluwa atsopano.
Pachifukwa ichi, ndikayamba nyengo yachisanu, ndikofunikira kupanga chomera: kutentha komwe kuyenera kukhala kutsika mpaka madigiri 10 Celsius, kuyatsa kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu, ndikuthirira sikuyenera kupatula.
Ngati zofunika zonsezi zakwaniritsidwa, ndiye kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndipo mwina koyambirira, ma pseudobulbs adzayamba kusinthika kukhala ma peduncles.
Kwa wamaluwa, hybrids zochokera ku dendrobium nobile ndi phalaenopsis ndizoyenera, popeza amayamba kuphuka popanda kukonzekera. Kusamalira iwo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi machitidwe omwe makolo awo adachokera. Chifukwa chake, musanagule, sizipweteka kuti mudziwane ndi banja lawo poyamba. Ngati mukufuna mitundu iyi ya ma orchid kuti ikukondweretseni ndi maluwa ake momwe mungathere, ndiye kuti muyenera kusungira kutentha koyenera mchipindacho kuzungulira koloko - kuyambira madigiri 16 mpaka 20 Celsius.
Kusamalira pambuyo maluwa
Pakadali pomwe dendrobium nobile orchid amasiya maluwa, gawo lapamwambapa limalowa mgawo la kukula, komwe pamapeto pake kumabweretsa kwa makanda. Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi mchipindacho. Kudyetsa ndikofunikira, komwe kumachitika kamodzi sabata iliyonse. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala amadzimadzi omwe anapangira ma orchid.
Mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, dendrobium orchid ikukula. Sikoyenera kukhudza ma pseudobulbs akale panthawiyi, chifukwa adzapatsa ana ena zakudya zatsopano.
Thirani kunyumba
Opaleshoni iyi imavulaza kwambiri dendrobium, motero, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mbewu ina isapitenso kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Mwakutero, ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito iyi pokhapokha ngati pakufunikira kutero. Zitsanzo zoterezi zimatha kukhala kuti mu chidebe chomwe dendrobium imakula, ilibenso malo okwanira, chomera chasiya kuchuluka, ma pseudobulbs omwe amaphatikizidwa m'mphepete mwa mphikawo, pali zisonyezo zokongoletsa nthaka.
- Nthawi yabwino pofalitsa ndi masika, mphindi mutatha maluwa kapena kumayambiriro kwa ntchito yolimba. Mizu ya chomera chodulidwa iyenera kutsukidwa ndi dothi lakale. Kuti muchite izi, mphika womwe uli ndi chomeracho umafunika kuti ufewetse bwino, ndiye pambuyo pake uzitha kuchotsa gawo lapansi lomwe lilipo popanda mavuto;
- Musanabzale, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mizu: ngati malo ovunda kapena owonongeka apezeka, ayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo magawo omwe amathandizidwa ndi makala. Pachifukwa ichi ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito wobiriwira wanzeru kapena zokonzekera zina zomwe zimakhala ndi mowa. Pambuyo pake, mizu iume kwa maola angapo;
- Orchid akumva bwino kwambiri. Kwa izi, miphika imasankhidwa kotero kuti makulidwe a gawo lapansi pakati pa mizu ndi makoma salinso oposa 2 cm.
- nthawi ya kukula, gawo la orchid limakhala lalikulu, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti libzale mumiyala yolimba. Njira yabwino ndi miphika ya dongo lolemera;
- Atatenga chida choyenera kubereka, ngalulu amaikidwa pa iyo ¼ yama voliyumu. Kenako imadzazidwa ndi gawo lapansi kuti lipange slide. Pambuyo pake, orchid amakonzedwa kuti ikasungidwe: mizu yake imafunika kuwongoledwa, kenako chomera ndikuyikidwa pakati. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti ma pseudobulbs amakhalabe pamtunda. Nthawi zina, thandizo lingafunike kuti likhale lokhazikika;
- mutabzala, kuti muchulukitse chidebe ndi orchid, muyenera kuchiyika pamalo amdima, kutentha kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 20 digiri Celsius. Pambuyo masiku 2-4, mutha kuyamba kuthilira.
Kodi kusamalira dendrobium orchid?
Zithunzi za zomera zimawoneka zokongola chifukwa zinali chisamaliro choyenera. Mphindi ino amangofunikira kupatsidwa chidwi chachikulu.
Ma orchid a Epiphytic akumva bwino panthaka yokhala ndi makina omasuka ndipo mulibe michere yambiri. Kuphatikizika kwa khungwa la pine yophwanyika, sphagnum moss ndi peat imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lapansi. Ndikofunikanso kuwonjezera makala ake. Mu dothi losakanikirana lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala ma orchid, calcium iyenera kuti palibe. Izi ndichifukwa choti mitundu yambiri ya ma orchid imavomereza izi.
Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati gawo lapansi. makungwa opindika a coniferous zomera. Dzazani ndi chidebe motere: muyenera kuyikirapo zing'onozing'ono pansi, ndikukhala ndi zing'onozing'ono kumtunda. Kukhalapo kwa peat pang'ono mm momwemo, komwe kumakonzanso makina ake, kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa gawo lapansi. Zotsatira zake, dothi la ma orchid limapeza zizindikiritso zabwino za acidity.
Gawo lokonzekera kugwiritsidwa ntchito liyenera kuphera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuti muchite izi, thirani ndi madzi otentha ndikulola kuti ayime kwa mphindi 10-15. Ndiye dikirani mpaka kume.
Pofalitsa ma orchid, dendrobium kunyumba amathanso kubzala m'miphika wamba kapena mabasiketi opachika pamitengo. Komabe, mulimonse, adzafunika madzi abwino, omwe ayenera kukhala osachepera 1/4 a kutalika. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito njerwa yosweka kapena mwala wosemphana ndi miyala, ndikuuyika ndi wosanjikiza. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito dongo komanso miyala ya miyala yamtengo wapatali, yomwe ili ndi calcium, sikulimbikitsidwa.
Musanadzalemo mabasiketi, onetsetsani kuti mwawonjezera sphagnum wandiweyani. Zomera zokongoletsera zowonjezereka zomwe zimamera pa snag.
Kuwala
Mwachilengedwe, dendrobium nobile imamverera bwino pokhapokha ngati imayatsidwa. M'malo akunyumba, izi zimakhala zovuta, makamaka nyengo yachisanu, pakakhala kusowa kwamphamvu kwa magetsi. Pachifukwachi, kuti apange malo abwino kwambiri, ndikulimbikitsidwa kukula kuchokera ku Meyi mpaka Seputembala pazenera loyang'ana kumadzulo ndi kummawa, ndipo nthawi yozizira amafunika kusamukira kumwera.
Panthawi yosamalidwa muyenera kusinthira mphika kuti mbali zonse za dendrobium tili ndi kuwala kokwanira. Pofuna kuyandikira nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kuti muwachotse pazenera.
Dendrobium orchid imatha kukula bwino ngati ipatsidwa kuwala kokwanira masana. Nthawi zambiri mulingo woyenera ndi kutalika kwa maola maola 10-15. M'nyengo yozizira, kusowa kwowunikira kumatha kuchotsedwa ndikuwunikira ndi nyali zapadera.
- Mitundu ya Orchid yokhala ndi maluwa oyera ndi oyera otuwa amalolera kusayatsa bwino. Chifukwa chake, pokana kuwunikira kowonjezereka, adzamvanso bwino pawindo lomwe lili kumpoto chakum'mawa;
- ngati mukukula maluwa a dendrobium orchid okhala ndi maluwa ofiira owala, a pinki, achikasu, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti azisunga pazenera loyang'ana kumwera chakum'mwera chakumadzulo. Pofika nyengo yachisanu, amasunthidwa mbali yakumwera, osayiwala za kupanga kuwunikira kowonjezereka kwa iwo.
Popereka kuwala kwambiri kwa mbewuzo, mutha kukwaniritsa kuti dendrobium orchid angatero mwakhama kulemera, kupanga pseudobulbs, omwe nthawi yomweyo samakula kukula, ndipo izi zimawononga maluwa.
Ndi kuchepa kwa kuwunikira, ma pseudobulbs amatuluka kukhala ochepa thupi komanso aatali, pomwe maluwa nthawi zambiri samachitika.
Kuti orchid azitha kutunga madzi onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira, amafunika kupereka kuwala kokwanira. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kulabadira nthawi ino ndikusintha kuthirira.
Kuthirira orchid dendrobium
Kusamalira kunyumba kumaphatikizapo kusankha mphindi yoyenera kuthirira. Chizindikiro choti muyambe kuthirira mbewu ndikuwumitsa kwa gawo lalikulu la moss kapena gawo lapansi. M'chilimwe, ndizokwanira kuzichita kawiri mpaka katatu pa sabata. Ndi kumayambiriro kwa dzinja, kuthirira kumayenera kukhala kochepa.
Ngati dendrobium orchid imakula m'miphika, ndiye nthawi yoyenda, madzi amathiridwa kuchokera kumwamba. Ngati ali mabasiketi kapena mabatani, ndiye kuti ayenera kuthiridwa m'madzi kwa mphindi 3-5.- Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira mbewu ndi madzi ofewa, ngakhale owiritsa, omwe ayenera kutentha pang'ono madigiri angapo.
- Pakati pa Epulo mpaka Seputembala, kuthirira kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi kuvala kwapamwamba. Pachifukwa ichi, feteleza wolemera mu nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous, mofananirana, amadzipereka m'madzi omwe adakonzekera kuthirira. Pafupipafupi madzi othirira ayenera kukhala ochepa - maulalo onse awiri.
Ngati dendrobium orchid imakula m'miphika, ndiye nthawi yoyenda, madzi amathiridwa kuchokera kumwamba. Ngati ali mabasiketi kapena mabatani, ndiye kuti ayenera kuthiridwa m'madzi kwa mphindi 3-5.Mitundu yotentha
Choyambitsa kutentha chimayamba kukhudza chitukuko cha dendrobium orchid pokhapokha ngati kuperekedwa ndi kuchuluka koyenera kwa kuunika. Kuperewera kwake kumabweretsa kuti mbewu sizimasiya momwe zimapangidwira, ngakhale pakhale kutentha.
Masana nthawi ya chilimwe, kutentha kwa madigiri 20 kumawoneka ngati koyenera, nthawi yozizira imatsitsidwa mpaka madigiri 17, pomwe amaloledwa kutsika kutentha kwa usiku ndi madigiri 2-3.
Ngati matenthedwe ochulukirapo akukwirira kwambiri, ndiye kuti madzi amayamba kutuluka msanga kudzera pa messata pamasamba. Zotsatira zake, gawo lokhalo lokhala ndi chinyezi lomwe amafunikira limafikira mizu.
Pachifukwa ichi, pakukhazikitsa boma lokwera mu chipinda, chinyezi cha mpweya ziyenera kuyendetsedwa motsatira izo. Miphika yokhala ndi dendrobium orchid iyenera kuyikidwa pallet ndi madzi ndi miyala kapena timiyala tonyowa. Komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumathandizira kuti chinyontho chizikhala chofunikira.
Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha orchids dendrobium chikhoza kukhala matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi. Pofuna kupewa kutukuka, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mpweya wabwino mchipindacho mukamayang'anira dendrobium orchid kunyumba, kuwonetsetsa kuti kukonzekera kuzizira sikuchitika. Nyengo ikakhala yotentha komanso dzuwa, mbewuzo zimatha kusungidwa panja.
Akakulitsa maluwa a dendrobium orcids kunyumba masabata oyambilira a masika, amayamba kupeza zipatso zobiriwira pansi popanga mawonekedwe abwino. Nthawi ngati izi, ndikofunikira kukhalabe chinyezi chokwanira, kuthira manyowa nthawi zonse ndi michere ya mchere.
Ngati mbewu zimapatsidwa kuwala kokwanira, chinyezi komanso kutentha kwake kumapangidwira, ndiye kuti mu Okutobala apanga masamba ndi masamba akulu oyambira.
Pomaliza
Kukula orchid dendrobium kunyumba kumawoneka ngati ntchito yotenga nthawi. Komabe, ndi owerengeka omwe amasiya chidwi chofuna kusangalala ndi maluwa a mbewu iyi. Kuti orchid ilowe gawo lokhazikika mu kasupe, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale nthawi yabwino nyengo yachisanu. Pamafunika izi sungani kutentha osapitirira madigiri 10 ndi kuthetseratu kuthirira.
Dendrobium nobile imafunikira chisamaliro chochulukirapo, ikayamba kukhazikika mwachangu. Kuphatikiza pakusunga kutentha lokwanira, nthawi ya chisamaliro iyenera kuperekedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndipo kudya pafupipafupi kuyenera kuchitika. Ndikofunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti m'nyumba palibe lakuthwa madontho kutentha. Kutsatira izi kumalola mu Okutobala kuti apange zitsamba zopangidwa bwino za orchid.
