Ngakhale kuti ndiwowopsa, kusinthasintha komanso kumva kwambiri, Brunfelsia yamitundu yonse ndi mitundu ku West imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazikhalidwe zokongoletsa maluwa. Kukongola kwachilendo kumeneku kumatchedwa kupikisana ndi ma violets, kapena m'malo awo otentha. Koma tikutsimikiza: Brunfelsia ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri komanso yabwino. Masamba okongola komanso owala kwambiri, maluwa osavuta komanso okhudza mtima a Brunfelsia atha kukhala zokongoletsera zazikulu zamkati. Koma kuti musangalale ndi chomera chapadera, muyenera kuchita khama kwambiri.
Zowoneka bwino kwambiri Brunfelsia
Brunfelsia (Brunfelsia) ndi mtundu waukulu wamaluwa otulutsa maluwa a masamba obiriwira komanso maluwa ofanana, mitundu yamtundu umodzi yomwe imasiyana mu kukula kwa tchire ndi mitundu ya kukula. Ubwino wawukulu wa mbewu yake ndi maluwa ake okongola, okha ndi utoto wozizira. Mwa alimi padziko lonse lapansi, Brunfelsia amadziwika kuti "Morning-Day-Night" (kapena "Dzulo-Lero-Mawa") kuthekera kwa maluwa kusintha mitundu. Zikhalidwe zosowa chonchi ndizabanja laling'ono ndipo ndi abale apamtima a biringanya ndi phwetekere.
Brunfelsia otsika maluwa (Brunfelsia pauciflora).
Chomera chobiriwira komanso chopanda pake chomwe chimagulitsidwa chikuyimiriridwa ndi zinyalala zazing'ono komanso zowoneka bwino - zitsamba zazitali masentimita 15 mpaka 35. Koma pansi pa malo, Brunfelsia, mosiyana ndi malo opangira maluwa, samathandizidwa ndi kukula zoletsa ndipo amapanga msanga, kukhala osakulirapo. Ichi ndi chobiriwira komanso chosazungulira, kutali ndi mbewu yaying'ono, ndi msinkhu woposa masentimita 50 ndikusintha kukhala mtengo kapena chitsamba popanda chiwongolero choyenera.
Brunfelsia ili ndi masamba okongola kwambiri. Zachikopa, zazikulu, zapakidwa utoto wowala komanso wobiriwira, wobiriwira, womwe mkatikati amawoneka mwatsopano modabwitsa. Wolembedwera kumapeto, masamba owongoka samakhala okonzedwa mwamtundu wina, atakhala pakatupi kakang'ono, koma amapanga korona wokongola.
Chikhalidwechi sichili pachabe pakati pa nyenyezi zokongola zamkati. Maluwa a Brunfelsia ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi amitundu. Kutsegulidwa bwino, maluwa osavuta a tubular amawoneka okongola komanso odzichepetsa, koma chifukwa chosiyana ndi masamba ndizosangalatsa. Pawiri, amafika masentimita 5, nthawi zambiri amatengedwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono mpaka 10 maluwa. Kutulutsa maluwa ku Brunfelsia kumayamba ngakhale nyenyezi zozizira zikumaliza kale parade yawo - mu February. Maluwa okongola kwambiriwa amatha kuyambira nthawi yachisanu mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo yachisanu, ndipo nthawi zina mwezi woyamba wa chilimwe, kenako amakongoletsa mbewu zina zomwe zimakonda nyengo.
Brunfelsia lalikulu-flowered (Brunfelsia grandiflora).
Mitundu ya Brunfelsia imaphatikizapo mawonekedwe abwino ozizira a mawonekedwe oyera ndi abuluu. Mitundu yambiri imapakidwa utoto ndi utoto, koma pali mitundu yokhala ndi mitundu yoyera, yachikaso, yofiirira. Chowoneka mosiyana ndi Brunfelsia ndi kutayika kwa mtundu wowala koyambirira pakapita nthawi. Maluwa obiriwira, abuluu, ofiirira amomera kukhala oyera patatha masiku angapo. Popeza amatulutsa mafunde, mosasiyanitsa, maluwa amitundu yosiyanasiyana amatha kuonedwa pamalowo, omwe amangowonjezera chithumwa cha Brunfelsia. Brunfelsia wofala kwambiri samanunkhiza, ndipo mitundu yayikulu yosowa imasiyanitsidwa ndi fungo lamphamvu lokoma, kasupe wofewa komanso wokoma kwambiri.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Brunfelsia
Masiku ano, mu chikhalidwe chamchipinda, mtundu umodzi ndi wofala kwambiri. brunfelsius - otsika maluwa (Brunfelsia pauciflora) Chopangika, chosavuta kuumba komanso chosasangalatsa, chimasinthika bwino mkati mnyumba ndipo chimakhala cholimba. Ndi mawonekedwe ake omwe amawerengedwa ngati Brunfelsia. Mitundu yambiri yokongola yapangidwa pamaziko a Brunfelsia:
- lilac yakuda, yamaluwa mpaka masentimita 8, mawonekedwe a Macranta;
- utoto wowala wokhala ndi mawonekedwe oyera amaso "Floribunda";
- kalasi ya maluwa a violet "Eximia".
Kuphatikiza pa maluwa otsika kwambiri, nthawi zina mitundu ikuluikulu imagulanso:
- Brunfelsia single-maluwa (Brunfelsia uniflora) wokhala ndi masamba akulu, mpaka 10 masentimita ndi osakwatiwa, mpaka 2,5 mamaluwa athunthu, kusintha mtundu wa lilac kukhala wamtambo ndi woyera;
- Bulunfelsia yotakata (Brunfelsia latifolia) wokhala ndi masamba ofupikirapo, osiyanasiyana, osalala komanso akulu kwambiri, koma osati maluwa okongola kwambiri;
- "kukongola usiku" Brunfelsia American (Brunfelsia americana) wokhala ndi masamba owundikira ndi maluwa a kirimu okhala ndi corolla yaying'ono ndi chubu chachitali, fungo lake limakhala lalikuluko nthawi yamadzulo ndi usiku.
Ndikovuta kukula brunfelsia. Chomera ichi ndi chamaluwa odziwa bwino omwe atha kupereka brunfelsia mosamala komanso mwachangu pakukula kulikonse. Mavuto onse omwe amakhalapo pachikhalidwe ichi amayenderana ndi kufunika kolimbikitsa maluwa kukhala ozizira ndipo mbewu ndizosalolera posintha. Kukongola kwachilendo kumeneku kumafunikira kuunikira komanso kutentha, kusamalidwa bwino.
Brunfelsia ndiwotsika mtengo.
Kuyatsa kwa Brunfelsia
Ngakhale zili m'zomera zabwino, Brunfelsia imatha kusintha ndikutulutsa bwino nthawi zina nthawi zina. Ichi ndi chomera chojambula bwino chomwe chimalekerera pang'ono pang'ono, koma pokhapokha: ngati kuwunikako sikusintha, khalani okhazikika chaka chonse. M'malo mchipinda cha Brunfelsian, ndibwino kupereka malo owala, koma owala kwambiri osayatsidwa ndi dzuwa. Malo abwino kwambiri ku Brunfelsia ndi malo akum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwa zenera ndipo kumakhala malo amizeremizere pazenera lakumwera.
Pofika m'dzinja, Brunfelsia iyenera kukonzedwanso kumalo owunikiridwa kwambiri. Mtengowo wabzalidwa pamawindo akumwera, kapena m'malo owala kwambiri kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo. Kwa brunfelsia, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kuwunikira pang'ono.
Kutentha kwa brunfelsia
Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira, Brunfelsia ndi yofanana pazofunikira zake zonse zamkati. Imamveka bwino mu kutentha kwa chipinda wamba, koma imakwanitsa kwambiri ngati kutentha kumakhalabe pakati pa 16 mpaka 18 degrees Celsius (chilimwe, mfundo zovomerezeka zikuwonjezeka mpaka 20 mpaka 20 digiri Celsius). Brunfelsia sakonda kutentha, kutentha kwambiri, ngakhale njira zoyenera zokulitsira chinyezi, zimatha kubweretsanso masamba osati masamba okha, komanso masamba.
Pofika mwezi wa Okutobala, maluwa amafunika kukondoweza. Ndipo izi zitha kuchitika mwa njira imodzi yokha - muchepetse kutentha mpaka madigiri 9 mpaka 14. Kukhalabe ozizira mu Okutobala ndi Novembala, mudzakwaniritsa kutsegulidwa kwa masamba ndi chiyambi cha maluwa. Kutalika konse kwa "nthawi yozizira" kuyenera kukhala masabata 8 (ndizosatheka kusunga brunfelsia kuzizira kwa nthawi yopitilira milungu 12). Kutsitsa kutentha kuyenera kutsagana ndi kuunikira komwe kumawonekera pounikira malo owunikiridwa kwambiri. Pakadali pano, muyenera kusamala: ngati mutachoka ku Brunfelsia mumalo otentha, chomera sichikuwonetsa mwanjira iliyonse kuti sichikhala bwino, chikuwoneka bwino. Koma pambuyo pake, Brunfelsia sikuti imangokhala pachimake, komanso masamba a masamba.
Broad-leaved Brunfelsia (Brunfelsia latifolia).
Kusintha kwa zinthu kuyenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono. Brunfelsia simalola kusinthasintha kosasintha kwa kutentha kwa mpweya, kusanja, makamaka kuzizira.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi cha brunfelsia
Kukonda kwa mbewu kuti ikukula bwino kumawonekeradi zofunikira pakukhathamiritsa. Gawo laling'ono miphika ndi brunfelsia liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse, koma popanda madzi ochulukirapo. Ngati kuthirira sikuchitika nthawi zonse, ndipo dothi limakhala louma pang'ono kapena lamadzi, Brunfelsia ayamba kukhetsa maluwa ake ndipo nthawi yomweyo ataya kukongoletsa. Ndiye chifukwa cha brunfelsia ndikofunikira kuti pakhale njira yothirira, ndikusankha njira yoyenera yoyeserera poyesa ndi zolakwika: pakati pa njira zomwe gawo lokhalo la gawo lapansi liyenera kuwuma, osati kuzama masentimita 2-3. M'chilimwe, Brunfelsia imakonda kuthiriridwa katatu pa sabata. Ndi kutentha kocheperako, kusinthitsa maluwa, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa malinga ndi kusintha kwa kuyanika kwa gawo lapansi, koma kuyanika kaphokoso sikungaloledwe mulimonse.
Chofunikira pakukula kwa mbeuyo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chinyezi chizitha kufota. Brunfelsia imakonda kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, koma kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikokwanira kuti pakhale bata. Ndipo maluwa atha kuchitika. Pa chikhalidwe ichi, ndibwino kutenga njira zowonjezera - ikani ma humidifiers kapena matreyi okhala ndi mbewa ndi miyala.
Brunfelsia kuvala kwapamwamba
Ngakhale maluwa akutalika kwambiri, Brunfelsia amadyetsedwa bwino. Samalekerera michere yambiri monga momwe amafunikira. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika chaka chonse, ngakhale mkati mwa dormancy ndi kukondwerera kwa maluwa. Koma kuyambira Novembala mpaka Febere, feteleza samakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kuchepetsa Mlingo wocheperako (masabata onse a 3-4 ndi theka kapena katatu kapena kucheperako katatu pazosakanikirana kapena ndi ammonium nitrate masiku atatu alionse pakakhala 1.5 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre). Panthawi yogwira ntchito (nthawi yotentha), feteleza umagwiritsidwa ntchito pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Brunfelsia single-flowered (Brunfelsia uniflora).
Kwa brunfelsia ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zovuta za maluwa, m'malo mophatikiza konsekonse.
Kupatsira Brunfelsia
Ndizotheka kuulutsa Brunfelsia pokhapokha maluwa, pomwe mbewuyo ili pamlingo wokwathunthu. Ndikwabwino kuti musinthe gawo lapansi pokhapokha ngati kuli koyenera - zizindikilo zoyambirira za kusowa kwa dothi lomasuka. Tchire tating'onoting'ono timakagulitsidwa chaka chilichonse, akulu - osaposa nthawi imodzi mu zaka 2-3. Poika zinthu zina, ndikofunikira kuyika dothi lokwanira.
Gawo laling'ono: zosakanizira pang'ono za asidi kapena acidic, zosakanikirana ndi nthaka yachonde ndizoyenera brunfelsia. Bwinobwino, chikhalidwe ichi chimakula mgawo lokhala ndi magawo ofanana masamba, sod, dothi lamchenga ndi mchenga. Brunfelsia amayankha mowonjezereka kuwonjezera pa gulu la mafupa.
Matanki: kukula kwa zotengera, zomwe zimayenera kungochulukitsa mumphika wapitalo ndi masentimita angapo, komanso kukhalapo kwa dzenje lokwera kwambiri, ndizofunikira ku Brunfelsia.
Kudulira Brunfelsia
Popanda chithandizo ndi zoletsa zophukira, Brunfelsia imakulirakulira ndikukula. Kuti tisunge mawonekedwe okongola a tchire, mawonekedwe a chomera m'dongosolo la chisamaliro ayenera kuphatikizira kudulira kwa mphukira. Imachitika nthawi yomweyo itayamba maluwa, kufupikitsa mphukira zonse ndi kotala mpaka gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika. Ngati mbewuyo ikukula kwambiri, ikukula kapena kutalika, mu nyengo yotentha, mutha kudina nthambi zamtengo.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Exotic Brunfelsia, ngakhale ili ndi chikhalidwe chosawoneka bwino, imagwirizana kwambiri ndi tizirombo ta m'nyumba. Ma nsabwe za m'masamba ndi akangaude okha ndiomwe zimabweretsa chiwopsezo, ndipo ngakhale pamenepo, kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa malamulo a chisamaliro ndikupatuka pamikhalidwe yomwe ikukula momasuka.
Brunfelsia American (Brunfelsia americana).
Brunfelsia ku matenda imangowopsezedwa ndi chlorosis yolumikizidwa ndi acidity yolakwika ya dothi komanso kusowa kwachitsulo, komanso zowola zingapo zomwe zimayamba mphukira pamene gawo lapansi limadzizidwa ndi madzi.
Mavuto wamba pakukula kwa brunfelsia:
- masamba ofiira kwambiri
- chikasu masamba osakwanira ndi dothi m'nthaka, kuthilira ndi madzi olimba kapena kusasunthika kwa madzi m'miphika.
Kubzala kwa Brunfelsia
Kufalitsa brunfelsia paokha sikophweka. Kupatula apo, mbewuyo imawonetsa kusinthasintha kwa mizu ndi kusintha kwa mbande zazing'ono. Njira yosavuta, koma yosavuta, ndiyo kufalitsa mabulidwe. Kudulira kwa pachaka kwa mphukira kumapereka mitengo yambiri yodula mpaka 10cm, yomwe imatha kuthandizidwa ndikukula komanso mizere yowonjezera kutentha pansi pa kapu. Ku Brunfelsia yakale, kulekanitsa kwamtambo kumatha kuchitika. Koma Delenki (ngakhale zazikuluzikulu) sizizika mizu bwino ndipo kubwezeretsa kumatenga nthawi yambiri.
