Quince yaku Japan: mawonekedwe obzala ndi chisamaliro, zithunzi za mitengo

Pafupifupi aliyense amene ali ndi munda womwe amafuna kuti dimba lake likhale lokongola komanso lachilendo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake posachedwapa wamaluwa adayamba kukula m'mipango yawo osati masamba wamba apulosi ndi mitengo ya peyala, komanso zomera zosowa. Izi zimaphatikizapo chitsamba chokongola kwambiri chomwe chimatchedwa Quince Japanese kapena Henomeles.

Mtengo wodabwitsawu, wolira ndi kukongola kwake komanso kununkhira kwake, sudzasiya aliyense wopanda chidwi pa nthawi ya maluwa. Ngakhale kuti Japan Quince ndiyomera yachilendo, imapulumuka bwino ndikukula m'madera ambiri adziko lathu. Ngakhale wamaluwa osadziwa azitha kuthana ndi kubzala komanso kulima Genomeles.

Quince achi Japan: chithunzi, kufotokozera, kufotokoza

Henomeles ndi a chikhalidwe chokongoletsa komanso zipatso ndi mabulosi, ndi chomera chotentha ndipo chimakula bwino m'magawo okhala ndi nyengo yofunda. Mtengo wa Quince umatha kukula mpaka mamita atatu, ndipo chitsamba - mpaka mita.

Zomera ndizosiyana:

• masamba osalala, owala, obiriwira;
• maluwa oyera, apinki kapena ofiira ofiira okhala ndi masentimita 3-5;
• spines mpaka 2 cm;
• maluwa ambiri mu Meyi-Juni, omwe amakhala masiku 20;
• zipatso za mawonekedwe ofanana ndi apulo kapena peyala mutakhala m'mphepete mwa mphukira, m'mimba mwake mumatha kukhala 3 mpaka 5 cm, ndi kulemera pafupifupi magalamu 45.

Pakutha kwa Seputembala, kuyambira Okutobala, zipatso za Henomeles zipse. Mwa mawonekedwe okhwima, amatha lalanje wowala kapena wobiriwira wachikasu. Kunja, chipatso chimaphimbidwa ndi zokutira ndi sera, zomwe zimachinjiriza bwino kuti zisawonongeke. Pachifukwachi amatha kusuntha ngakhale ozizira kwambiri pamtengo. Pafupifupi theka la zipatsozo zimakhala ndi nthangala zofiirira, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi mbewu za mtengo wa maapozi.

Zipatso quince Japanese imayamba mchaka chachitatu cha moyo. Pa chitsamba chilichonse mutha kutola zipatso ziwiri. Zipatso, ngakhale zisanakhwime, sonkhanani kuti chisanu. Amatha kupsa nthawi yosungirako kunyumba, koma pamtunda wotsika wa madigiri 3-5.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya genomeles

Quince waku Japan ali mitundu yosiyanasiyana (chojambulidwa), chomwe chimakupatsani mwayi woti musankhe chomera chomwe chili choyenera pamunda wanu.

1. Zosiyanasiyana za Crimson ndi Golide kapena Quince zokongola zimasiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba chophukira chomwe chimakula mpaka mamita 1.2. Mtengowu umaphukira ndi maluwa amtundu wakuda wamtundu wachikasu. Chitsamba sichifunira kudulira, ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati linga.
2. Henomelesimon adadulidwa ndi obereketsa aku France. Tchire lili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira okhala mphukira, rasipiberi wofiira inflorescence ndi zipatso zobiriwira.
3. Njira zokongoletsera za Jet Trail zimadziwika ndi mphukira zambiri zokwawa, kusakhalapo kwa minga, nthambi zotumphuka ndi maluwa oyera osalala.
4. Japan Quince Vesuvius ali ndi korona wamkulu, koma samakula kupitirira mita imodzi. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha inflorescence chake chili ndi mtundu wofiira.
5. Mitundu ya Pink Lady imasiyanitsidwa ndi chisoti chachifumu chachikulu ndi maluwa ofiira kapena apinki. Tchire limakula mpaka 1.5 m.
6. Henomeles Nivalis onse m'litali ndi m'lifupi mwake amakula mpaka mamita awiri. Nivalis limamasula ndi maluwa oyera mu Meyi ndi Ogasiti.
7. Mitundu ya Quince Holland imasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba okongola, masamba obiriwira, korona wamkulu ndi maluwa ofiira. Mu Ogasiti, pakhoza kukhala maluwa okonzanso mitundu yamtunduwu.

Ngati mukufuna kukula bonsai waku Japan kuchokera ku Quince, ndiye kuti izi ndi zabwino kwa izi. Chomera cha Rubra. Mukadzala phesi pakona mu chidebe choyenera, mosamala, kuti chitsamba chiwoneke bwino, ndikofunikira kuyereketsa.

Zambiri za kukula kwa Quince waku Japan

Kulima kwa Henomeles sikovuta kwenikweni. Mukamasankha malo oti azikapeza, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti shrub imakonda malo abwino. Amatha kumera pang'ono, koma osabala zipatso.

Quince waku Japan akupanga bwino pafupifupi panthaka iliyonse. Dothi louma komanso lonyowa ndilabwino kwa iye. Komabe, ayenera kukhala opepuka komanso olemera mu humus. Genomeles salekerera mopanda malire ndi mchere wa dothi.

Mitundu yambiri ya Quince ndiosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, ndipo imatha kukhala yozizira popanda pogona. Komabe, ngati nthawi yozizira imakhala yoopsa osati matalala, maluwa ndi mphukira zapachaka zimatha kuzizira. Chifukwa chake, ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mitengo m'malo omwe chipale chokwanira chimapangidwa. M'madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, mmera uyenera kuphimbidwa nthawi yozizira ndi masamba wakugwa kapena nthambi zosalaza.

Kutambasuka kwa Genomeles

Ndikwabwino kubzala mitengo yaing'ono mchaka mutatha kudula nthaka. Yophukira ikamatera pa nthawi yayikulu masamba amagwa ndizotheka. Komabe, chitsamba cha thermophilic sichitha kukhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu ndi kufa masamba asanafike pachisanu.

Muzu mizu bwino Japan quince mbande. Mukabzala mbewu, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti khosi la mizu limakhalabe pamlingo wa dothi. Zomera zakubadwa zaka 3-5, kubzala maenje akuyenera kukhala ndi kuya kwa 0.5-0.8 m, ndi mainchesi mpaka 0,5 m.

Dothi la Henomeles limakonzedwa kuchokera kumtunda, phula ndi peat (2: 1: 2). Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwonjezere 300 magalamu a potaziyamu nitrate, magalamu 200 a superphosphate, magalamu 500 a phulusa, zidebe za 1-2 za humus kupita ku dzenje lobzala.

Ndikwabwino kubzala zitsamba za Quince m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a 3-5 mbewu. Kuti mbewu zachikulire zisamakungane komanso kusayandikira, mtunda pakati pa mbande uzikhala mita imodzi.

Zosamalidwa

M'chaka choyamba mutabzala chomera kuthirira nthawi zonse kumafunika. Makamaka chinyezi cha nthaka chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa muzilimwe zowuma. Kuti dothi lisungike chinyezi, mozungulira achinyamata a Henomeles, nthaka yake imayikiridwa ndi wosanjikiza masentimita 3-5. Monga mulch, utuchi kapena peat ndi yoyenera.

M'zaka ziwiri zoyambirira mutabzala, mbewu zazing'ono zimapangidwa manyowa mchaka ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi slurry, komanso kugwa ndi feteleza wa potash ndi phosphorous.

Pambuyo pazaka 4-5, Japan Quince iyamba kuphuka ndi kubala zipatso. Chomera chachikulire chisamaliro chapadera chofunikira:

1. Henomeles safuna kuthirira yambiri. Kamodzi pamwezi zidzakhala zokwanira.
2. Fesani chomera chimodzimodzi monga mabulosi ena.
3. Panyengo iliyonse yamtchire, ndikofunikira kudula nthambi zakale pansi, zomwe zimakhala zopitilira zaka zisanu.
4. Pachaka, amalimbikitsidwa kuti apange chitsamba kuti chisa chake chikule. Chiwerengero cha nthambi za mtengo siziyenera kupitirira 10-20. Dulani mphukira. Kudulira kumachitika mchaka, ngakhale pamaso pa masamba. Kudulira kwamizere kumatha kudzetsa mbewuyo.
5. M'nyengo yozizira, Quince amalimbikitsidwa kuti azitetezedwa ndi mphepo. Kuti muchite izi, itha kukutidwa ndi nthambi za spruce, kapenanso kukhazikitsa chishango chofundira.

Monga mukuwonera, chisamaliro cha Henomeles ndichosavuta kwambiri ndipo sizifunika ndalama zambiri komanso zolipirira ndalama. Imakhala makamaka feteleza ndi kudulira zitsamba.

Kulera Quince waku Japan

Mutha kufalitsa mbewuzo m'njira zingapo:

• mbewu;
• kudula;
• kugawidwa kwa chitsamba.

Kufalitsa mbewu

Iyi ndi njira yodalirika komanso yosavuta yoberekera Quince. Mbeu zazikulu zofiirira zimabzalidwa mu osakaniza okonzekereratu kumapeto kwa February - koyambirira kwa Marichi.

Za patatha milungu isanu ndi umodzi mbande imakhamukira m'mbale zodyera osiyana. Mbande zachonde pansi zingabzalidwe mu Meyi kapena June.

Mbande zazing'ono zimafuna kuteteza chisanu nthawi yozizira. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti Quince adzafunika kubzalidwe pokhapokha kasupe wotsatira.

Kufalitsa ndikudula ndi kumalumikiza

Ubwino wa kubereka uku ndikuti zosintha zamitengo zonse zimasungidwa.

Kudula kuyenera kukolola koyambirira kwa June. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndizidula m'mawa, nyengo yadzuwa. Mukadula phesi, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti ili ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono ka matabwa a chaka chatha, ndiye kuti ndi "chidendene". Kudula mphukira kumawiritsidwa kwa tsiku mu zopukusa zakukula komanso zosafunikira obzalidwa osakaniza peat ndi mchenga (1: 3). Zozizira zimachitika mkati mwa masiku 30 mpaka 40, malinga ngati kutentha kwa mpweya sikotsika kuposa + 20C.

M'mwezi wa May, katemera wa quince amatemera Katemera wamitundu mitundu:

1. Pakumera kwachiwiri (mu Julayi kapena August), mphukira zamtunduwu zimakololedwa.
2. Pa khungwa la mmera (stock), chomwe chimapangidwa ndi T chimapangidwa, m'mphepete mwake chomwe chimapinda.
3. Pansi pa khungwa, mphukira wamiyendo ndi impso amaikiratu.
4. Zomera zimakanikizidwa mwamphamvu motsutsana, zimagwirizanitsidwa ndikukonzedwa ndi bustani var.

Kuchulukitsa kwa maso kumayendera pambuyo pa masabata atatu kapena anayi. Chapakatikati pa chaka chamawa, impso imayenera kuponyera, ndipo bandeji imachotsedwa.

Kugawanitsa

Quince baka amapereka mizu yambiri, ndipo pakapita nthawi imakula mbali zonse. Chifukwa cha ana otere, mmera umatha kukula ngakhale pamalo otsetsereka.

Nthawi yabwino yogawa chitsamba imawerengedwa kuti ndi kumapeto kwa kasupe ndi kutha kwa nthawi yophukira. Mphukira ya kubzala iyenera kukhala ndi makulidwe a 0.5 masentimita ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 10-15. Kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi mungathe kupatukana ana 5-6.

Mphukira zakonzedwa zimabzalidwa molunjika pamalo okhazikika. Mtsogolo, kuwasamalira kumakhala kuthirira nthawi zonse ndikuyika nthaka pansi pawo ndi zigawo, tchipisi zamatabwa kapena humus.

Choipa cha njira iyi yofalitsira ndikuti mizu ya achinyamata mphukira siyikupangika bwino, ndipo mbande zina zimafunika kubzala kunyumba. Zipatso za mbewu zazing'ono ndizocheperako kuposa poyamba.

Limbanani ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ta Quince Japanese

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta Henomeles ndi aphid. Maonekedwe ake atha kukhala vuto pachomera. Chifukwa chake, chikapezeka, chitsamba chimayenera kuthandizidwa mwachangu ndi zida zapadera.

Ndi chinyezi chachikulu chonyowa komanso nyengo yabwino, nyengo yabwino imapangidwa kuti iwoneke matenda osiyanasiyana fungal:

• ndi necrosis ndi malo osiyanasiyana, masamba amayamba kupunduka ndi kuwuma;
• ndi cercosporosis, mawanga a bulauni osiyanasiyana amawonekera, omwe amazimiririka ndi nthawi;
• ndi ramulariosis, mawanga a bulauni amawoneka pamasamba.

Njira Zoyenera Kumenyera Ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito sopo wamkuwa ndi 0,2% baseazole. Chowopsa ndi kupopera mbewu tchire ndi kulowetsedwa kwa anyezi. Kuti muchite izi, magalamu 150 a mankhusu a tsiku amaumirira mu 10 malita a madzi. Zomwe zimayambitsa kulowetsedwa zimakonzedwa masiku asanu aliwonse.

Japan quince, chisamaliro chomwe sichovuta, chingabzalidwe ngati chomera chokhachokha, m'magulu ang'onoang'ono kapena m'mphepete mwa njira yamunda, ndikupanga linga kuchokera pamenepo. Koma osati tchire lokha lomwe limayamikiridwa ndi kudzipeka kwake komanso maluwa okongola. Zipatso za Quince zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zamitundu mitundu komanso mavitamini ambiri. Makhalidwe abwinowa amaika ma Henomeles pamitundu yambiri yazipatso.