Zipatso zamitundu mitundu ya viburnum

Monga mukudziwa, viburnum ndi chitsamba chaching'ono kapena mtengo wawung'ono womwe umabala zipatso zomwe zimacha kumapeto kwa Ogasiti kapena Seputembala. Amawoneka ofiira kwambiri ndi zamkaka wokhala ndi zipatso komanso mbewu yayikulu mkati. Zipatsozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika, chifukwa cha mankhwala, zimadyedwa zonse kukonzedwa komanso mwatsopano.

Zipatso za Viburnum vulgaris

Ku Russia, viburnum yakhala ikudziwika kwa nthawi yayitali, imawerengedwa pakati pa zikhalidwe zaku Russia komweko pamodzi ndi phulusa la mapiri ndi birch. Ntchito yeniyeni yoswana idayambika mdziko lathu ndi viburnum kokha kumapeto kwa zaka za makumi awiri, ndiye kuti posachedwa.

Mitundu yoyambilira ya viburnum idawonekera mu State Record of Breeding Achievement mu 1995, zaka 22 zokha zapitazo, ndizothandiza mpaka pano, izi ndi za: Zholobovskaya, Souzga ndi Ulgen. Mitundu yatsopanoyi idaphatikizidwa ku State Register mu 2016, uwu ndi mtundu wa Aurora. Ponseponse, mitundu 14 ya chikhalidwe chodabwitsachi ukuphatikizidwa mu State Register.

Ndizosangalatsa kuti viburnum ilibe gawo lokhazikika potsatira dera, ndichikhalidwe chachilengedwe chonse chomwe chimaloleza kuti chikule bwino mosiyanasiyana pamadera omwe ali osiyana mikhalidwe. Ndikothekanso kugawa mitundu ya viburnum yomwe ilipo mu State Register m'magulu atatu akulu - mitundu yomwe ndi yoyenera zigawo zakumpoto, chifukwa ndizazizira kwambiri; mitundu yomwe imapereka zokolola zabwino kwambiri pakatikati pake ndi nthawi yayitali yotentha komanso chinyezi chambiri kuposa kumpoto; ndi mitundu yomwe imapanga zokolola kumwera kokha, komwe chilala sichachilendo. Zotsatira zake, mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ikhoza kusiyanitsidwa ndikulimbikitsidwa madera akumpoto ndi mitundu inayi yoyambira pakati pa Russia ndi kumwera kwa dzikolo.

Onaninso zolemba zathu mwatsatanetsatane: Zipatso zamitundu mitundu ya viburnum ndi viburnum - zonse za kukula.

Zosiyanasiyana za viburnum zakumpoto

Tiyeni tiyambire ndi zigawo zakumpoto, mitundu monga Zarnitsa, Shukshinskaya, Vigorovskaya, Zakat, Maria ndi Ryabinushka adzimva bwino pano.

Mtundu wa viburnum Zarnitsa, - wakucha kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala, zipatso ndizowawa, motero ndibwino kuzikonza. Chomera chimawoneka ngati mtengo kuposa chitsamba, chimapangidwa mpaka nthambi zisanu za mafupa, sichimakula pang'ono. Zipatsozo zimapangidwa mu ma ambulera yooneka ngati ma ambulera, si yayikulu kwambiri, pafupifupi 0,65 g, mawonekedwe ndi ellipse, mtundu ndi wofiira. Zipatsozi zimakhala ndi 8% dzuwa, kuposa 110 mg% ascorbic acid ndi anthocyanins. Olemba masitepe amawunika kukoma kwa zipatso zamtunduwu pamalonga 3.6-3.8 mwa zisanu zomwe zingatheke. Zosiyanasiyana ndizodziwika ndi kulimba kwambiri kwa dzinja komanso zipatso zabwino - pafupifupi ma kilogalamu anayi a zipatso pachomera chilichonse.

Kalina Shukshinskaya, - mitunduyi imakhazikika kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala. Kunja, chitsamba ichi (osati mtengo) chili ndi nthambi zisanu ndi imodzi (6) ndipo chimakula mwachangu. Masamba a masamba obiriwira opepuka, atembenukira kofiirira pafupi ndi yophukira. Zipatsozo zimapangidwa mu chikopa chowoneka ngati ambulera, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira ndipo zimalemera pafupifupi 0,55. Kuyika zipatso zofiirira, zonunkhalazo ndizabwino, koma kuwawa kwake ndikosatha. Mu zipatso, mpaka 10% dzuwa, oposa 55 mg% ascorbic acid, anthocyanins. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zosagwirizana ndi nyengo yozizira, zimakhala zodzipatsa zokha ndikufalikira bwino ndi masamba obiriwira. Kuchulukitsa kuli pafupifupi ma kilogalamu atatu pa chomera chilichonse.

Kalina Vigorovskaya, - Mitundu iyi idapezeka kuchokera kuwoloka ma taiga rubbi ndi Ulgeni. Zipatso zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimacha chapakati pa Seputembara. Zomera zamtunduwu ndi zitsamba zomwe zimakhala ndi nthambi zitatu kapena zisanu ndipo mpaka kutalika kwake kunali mainchesi atatu. Zipatso zimapangidwa mu zishango zooneka ngati ambulera. Masamba obiriwira ndi obiriwira. Zipatsozo zili ndi mawonekedwe a mpira, zochuluka zawo zimachokera ku 0,51 mpaka 0,53. G zamkati zipatso ndi madzi ambiri, zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga 13.9%, pang'ono pang'ono kuposa 1.5% ya ma asidi osiyanasiyana, omwe mpaka 45 mg% ascorbic acid. Kukoma kwa zipatso kumakhala kosangalatsa kwambiri, kuwawa sikumvetseka konse, kukoma kwake kumayesedwa ndi akatswiri pamtunda wa 4.3 point, womwe ndi chizindikiro chokwanira kwambiri cha viburnum. Zomera zomwezo sizigwira ntchito nthawi yozizira komanso zipatso (pafupifupi ma kilogalamu asanu pa chomera chilichonse).

Guelder-rose kalasi Zarnitsa.

Guelder-rose kalasi Shukshinskaya.

Guelder-rose kalasi Vigorovskaya.

Mtundu wa viburnum Dzuwa, - zipatso zamtunduwu ndizokonzekera kukolola kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala, zimakhala zowawa kwambiri, chifukwa chake ndizoyenera kukonzedwa. Zomera ndi zitsamba zowongoka zowongoka, m'malo mwamphamvu. Masamba opukutira, kwa viburnum, ndi okulirapo, pafupifupi 0,72 g, mawonekedwe ake ndi ozungulira, okucha kwathunthu amapeza mtundu wofiirira. Zochulukitsa ndizapamwamba kwambiri - zoposa ma kilogalamu asanu ndi awiri kuchokera pachitsamba. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zosagwira bwino nthawi yozizira, zosagwirizana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda.

Kalina Maria, - Zipatso zamtunduwu zimatha kukololedwa kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, zipatso zake ndizosangalatsa kulawa, zimakhala zowawa, koma sizipezeka, chifukwa zipatsozo zimatha kudyedwa mwatsopano kapena kuziyika. Zomera zosiyanasiyana ndi zitsamba zokhala ndi korona wofalikira pang'ono. Masamba a masamba ndi akulu kwambiri komanso obiriwira. Zipatsozo zimakhala zazing'ono kulemera, nthawi zambiri kuyambira 0,61 mpaka 0.63 g, mawonekedwe ake ndi ozungulira, akakhwima kwathunthu, amakhala ofiira. Zochulukitsa ndizokwera kwambiri - mpaka ma kilogalamu khumi pa chomera chachikulu chilichonse. Mitunduyi imakhala yololera kwambiri, yosakhudzidwa ndi matenda, kuchokera ku tizirombo kokha nthawi zina imagwidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.

Ryabushka, - mitundu iyi idapezedwa ndikusankhidwa kosavuta pakati pa mbande za viburnum pafupi ndi Mtsinje wa Bogataya. Zotsatira zake zinali zosiyanasiyana zomwe zipatso zake zimapsa kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala, koma sizisiyana ndi kulawa kwabwino, kowawa. Chomera chamtchire ndi chitsamba chomwe chimamera ndi masamba akuluakulu amtundu wakuda wobiriwira. Zipatso zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe owundana, khungu losalala, lopanda fungo la "viburnum" losasangalatsa kwa ambiri, akakhwima amapeza mtundu wofiirira komanso amakhala ndi chotupa chochuluka cha viburnum, chomwe chimafika pa 0.71 g Chifukwa chachitetezo chimakhala champhamvu komanso zipatso zake ndi zokulirapo, ndipo zimatha kukoletsedwa zoposa ma kilogalamu asanu ndi anayi kuchokera ku chomera chimodzi. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zosagwirizana ndi nyengo yozizira ndipo ndizabwino kwambiri kukula m'zigawo zakumpoto.

Kalina osiyanasiyana Dzuwa.

Kalina kalasi Maria.

Guelder-rose kalasi Ryabinushka.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya viburnum yamagawo apakati

Pakati pa Russia, mitundu monga Zholobovskaya, Souzga, Ulgen ndi Taiga rubies adzadziwonetsa bwino pazokolola komanso kugulitsa zipatso.

Mtundu wa viburnum Zholobovskaya, - yopezeka posankha pakati pa mbande za viburnum kuthengo. Zipatso zakonzeka kukolola m'ma September. Zomera zamtunduwu ndi zitsamba zokhala ndi korona yaying'ono. Mukabzidwa zaka wazaka ziwiri, zipatso zoyambirira zimatha kupezeka mchaka chachitatu kapena chachinayi. Zipatsozo zimasonkhanitsidwa mu chishango chowoneka ngati ambulera, zimapindika pang'ono komanso zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe komanso mtundu wofiyira wowala. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa mabulosi kumakhala pafupifupi 0,58 g, iliyonse imakhala ndi zamkati zokhala ndi zowawa pang'ono, titha kunena kuti zipatsozi ndizokoma. Kuwona kulawa kumakhala pafupi ndi mfundo za 4.1, komwe ndi chizindikiro chabwino kwambiri cha viburnum. Chipatso chilichonse cha viburnum chimakhala ndi 18% zolimba, zoposa 11% shuga, pafupifupi 1.5% acid, mpaka 115 mg% ascorbic acid ndi mankhwala opitilira 715 mg% P-yogwira. Zokolola zambiri zamitundu mitundu zimakhala pafupifupi ma kilogalamu asanu pachitsamba chilichonse. Kalanga, zosiyanasiyana zimafunikira ma pollinator ndipo zimafunikira kuthirira kowonjezera.

Kalina Souzga, - zosiyanasiyana zidapezeka ndikusankhidwa pakati pa mbande zamera zakutchire za viburnum. Zipatso zimapsa kumapeto kwa Seputembala. Zomera zamtunduwu ndizabisidi zomanga thupi, zopatsa mbewu zoyambirira zaka 3-4 mutabzala ana azaka ziwiri pamalopo. Zipatsozo zimapangidwa mu chikopa chowoneka ngati ambulera, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira komanso mtundu wofiirira wambiri ukakhwima bwino. Unyinji wazipatsozo ndi pafupifupi 0,66 g, onse ali ndi mnofu wowoneka bwino, wokhala ndi kuwawa koonekera. Kulawa kumawerengeredwa ndi akatswiri pa 3.7-3.9 point. Chipatso chilichonse chimakhala ndi shuga okwanira 10%, pafupifupi 1.9% acid, oposa 137 mg% ascorbic acid ndi mankhwala opitilira 580 mg% P-yogwira. Zokolola zazikulu zimafikira 6.6 kg pa chitsamba chilichonse. Kalanga, zosiyanasiyana ndizodzala zokha, zimafunikira kupukutira mungu pamalowo ndikufunika kuthiriridwa.

Guelder-rose kalasi Zholobovskaya.

Viburnum kalasi Souzga.

Mtundu wa viburnum Ulgen, - mitundu iyi idapezeka ndi masankhidwe obzala mwachilengedwe. Zipatso zimacha pakati pa Seputembala. Zomera zamtunduwu ndi zitsamba zokhala ndi korona yaying'ono ndipo zimabala zipatso kwa zaka 3-4, zibzalidwe zaka ziwiri zokha. Zipatsozo zimapangidwa mu chikopa chowoneka ngati ambulera, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira-amtundu wamtundu komanso mtundu wofiirira wambiri. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa mabulosi kumakhala pafupifupi 0,69 g, iliyonse imakhala ndi zamkati zamasamba zophatikizira pambuyo pake zowawa pang'ono. Kulawa ndi ma tasters akuyerekezedwa pa mfundo za 4.1. Chipatso chilichonse chamtunduwu chimakhala ndi mashuga opitilira 12.5%, pafupifupi 1.9% acid, oposa 129 mg% ascorbic acid, ndi mpaka 560 mg% P-yogwira mankhwala. Zokolola zochuluka kwambiri kuthengo zimakhala ma kilogalamu anayi. Kalanga ine, zosiyanasiyana ndizodzala zokha, zimafunikira kupukutira mungu pachimalocho ndikufunika kuthiririra.

Kalina Taiga Rubies, - izi zosiyanasiyana zimapezeka ndikusankhidwa pakati pa mbande kuchokera pakuvunda kwaulere kwa viburnum wamba. Zipatso zimapsa kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala. Zomera zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zitsamba zomwe zimatalika mamita atatu ndipo zimakhala ndi chisoti chofanana ndi kutalika kwa mbewu. Zipatsozo zimapangidwa muvalo ngati maambulera, zimakhala zowoneka bwino ndipo zimafikira kuchuluka kwa 01.1 Mabulosi aliwonse amakhala ndi masikweya 9,6%, kuposa 1.5%, pafupifupi 130 mg% ascorbic acid ndi mpaka 668 mg% P-yogwira mankhwala. Kulawa ndi kuwawa, komanso kutsekemera kumamveka, kotero ochita masewera amawerengera kukoma pa 3,4-3.6 point. Zosiyanasiyana zimaberekanso bwino kudula kobiriwira, zimatulutsa pafupifupi ma kilogalamu atatu pachitsamba ndipo zimafunikira kuthirira kovomerezeka.

Kalina osiyanasiyana ma taiga rubiga.

Guelder-rose kalasi Ulgen.

Zosiyanasiyana za viburnum zakumwera

Kummwera, ma sukulu ovuta pang'ono pamakhala chinyezi, kupirira nthawi yochepa yopanda mphamvu ndipo amatha kutulutsa zokolola zambiri, ndi abwino: Gulu lofiira, Elixir, chibangili cha Garnet ndi Aurora.

Kalina Gulu lalikulu, - zipatso zipsa pakati pa Seputembala. Zomera zamtunduwu ndi zitsamba zokhala ndi korona wofalikira pang'ono komanso zazikulu, zobiriwira zakuda, ndi masamba. Zipatso kumwera zimakula kwambiri - mpaka 0,75 g, mawonekedwe ake ndi ozungulira, mtunduwo ndi wofiyira. Lawani zakumwera popanda chowawa. Kuchulukitsa kuli pafupifupi ma kilogalamu asanu pachitsamba chilichonse. Zosiyanasiyana sizifunikira kupukutira mungu ndi kuthilira zowonjezera, zimatha kulekerera chilala.

Mtundu wa viburnum Elixir, - zipatso zipsa pafupi ndi Seputembara. Zomera zamtunduwu ndi zitsamba zokhala ndi chisoti chofalikira pang'ono ndi masamba akuluakulu, amdzu obiriwira. Zipatsozo zimapangidwa ngati ma panicles ooneka ngati ambulera, mabulosi aliwonse amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi mtundu wa burgundy. Kukoma kwa zipatso kumatha kutchedwa kokoma, kuwawa kumwera kuli pafupifupi kosaoneka. Unyinji wa zipatso umafika pa 0,81 g, ndipo zokolola zochuluka zimakhala mpaka ma kilogalamu asanu pachitsamba chilichonse. Mabulosi aliwonse amakhala ndi 10% ya shuga, ochepera 2% acid, mpaka 60 mg% ascorbic acid ndipo pamwamba pa 1000 mg% pectin. Zosiyanasiyana zimalekerera kutentha ndi chilala bwino, sizifunikira kuthirira ndi kupukutira mitundu.

Gulu lofiira la Guelder-rose.

Guelder-rose kalasi Elixir.

Kalina Chingwe cha garnet, - zipatso zamtunduwu zimapsa masiku oyambirira a Seputembala. Zomera zosiyanasiyana zimakhala tating'onoting'ono tating'ono ndi korona wofalikira pang'ono. Masamba a masamba ndi apakatikati kukula, obiriwira. Zipatsozo zimakhala zazikulupo, zopitilira muyeso wa 0,81 g, zimakhala ndi chowulungika, chopendekera pang'ono pang'onopang'ono ndi mtundu wofiira wakuda. Zokolola zochuluka zimakhala ma kilogalamu asanu pachitsamba chilichonse. Mabulosi aliwonse amakhala ndi shuga okwana 10,5%, pafupifupi 2% acid, oposa 32 mg% ascorbic acid. Kukoma kwa zipatso kumakhala kosangalatsa kwambiri, kotero ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amawongolera pamlingo wa 4.4 wa viburnum. Zosiyanasiyana sizimawopa kutentha ndi chilala.

Aurora, - zipatso zamtunduwu zimacha chapakati pa Seputembara. Zomera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zitsamba zazing'ono, zokhala ndi korona wofalikira pang'ono. Masamba ang'ono ndi ang'ono, owala pang'ono mtundu. Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu kwambiri, mpaka 0,71 g, ali ndi mawonekedwe ozunguliridwa, ofiira ofiira. Zokolola zochuluka zimakhala ma kilogalamu asanu pachitsamba chilichonse. Zipatsozi zimakhala ndi shuga 8%, pafupifupi 2% acid, oposa 42 mg% ascorbic acid. Kukoma kwa zipatso kumwera ndikosangalatsa, omasulira ake amawongolera pa mfundo za 4.1. Zosiyanasiyana sizikuopa chilala.