Moni okondedwa wamaluwa, wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa! Lero tikulankhula za maluwa a maluwa omwe amatha kubzala nthawi yozizira pazenera lathu m'nyumba, kapena pamawonekedwe owala, otsekemera ndi makhonde, kapena, amene ali ndi minda yozizira, ndiye kuti Mulungu mwiniyo adalamula kuti akhazikitse maluwa nthawi yachisanu nthawi.
Nikolai Fursov. Woyankha wa sayansi ya zaulimi, kuphatikizira ndi kusintha kwa maluwa a m'nyumbaZofunika kuchitanji pamenepa? Kuti duwa limere bwino, monga liyenera, m'malo mchipinda. Inu ndi ine tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti duwa logulidwa mumphika ngati uwu ndi gulu lonse la mbewu, mbewu 3-4-5 mumphika umodzi zimatha kukula. Ngati uwu ndi msewu wam'munda womwe wabzala kale m'munda wanu, ndiye, udzakhale chomera chimodzi. Apa, onani, chonde.
Monga lamulo, maluwa oumbika mbiya amawokedwa mzidutswa zingapo.Pomera limodzi lomwe mumabweretsa m'mundamu, mphika wotere ungakhale wokwanira, kapena mwina mumangotenga mumphika woterewo ndikokwanira. Koma, mwina, ndibwino kutenga voliyumu yambiri, mphika wabwino. Kodi tanthauzo limatanthauza chiyani? Clay, yosakutidwa ndi glaze iliyonse, kapena utoto, monga mphika wodabwitsa wotero. Mphepo imadutsa bwino, kulumikizana kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi ndikwabwino kwambiri. Ngati pali chinyezi chambiri, chimachoka mwachangu. Ngati pali chinyezi chochepa, ndiye kuti ndizodabwitsa komanso zimakhalabe. Ndipo, zoona, mpweya, ndipo koposa zonse, mpweya.
Pothira maluwa owira, ndikofunika kusankha poto wamkulu wa dongoMwachitsanzo, pamenepa, mwachitsanzo, mudapatsidwa mphika wotere wokhala ndi maluwa okongola. Zikuchita nawo chiyani? Mukangowasungitsa mumphika uno kunyumba, ndiye kuti si mbewu ayi. Onani momwe mizu yaying'ono ilili yabwino. Choyera pang'ono, chowala. Onani zodabwitsa bwanji. Nayi chomera chimodzi, nachi chachiwiri, ichi nchachitatu, nayi yachinayi.
Tisanakhaleko, timayang'ana mizu ya maluwa owiraZachidziwikire, mutha kuyika gulu lonse ili mumphika wotere. Onani kuchuluka kwake momwe ziyenera kukhalira mutabzala ndikuyika mbewu zina, pamakhala mpata waulere. Izi ndi zabwino kwambiri. Maluwa amapereka mizu yabwino, amakula bwino. Ndipo mutha kudzala gulu lonse mumphika wotere, ndikudzaza mpweya wabwino ndi dothi labwino, labwino kwambiri.
Maluwa omwe adagulidwa akhoza kuikidwa mu guluNdipo mutha, mwachitsanzo, ngati dothi ndilopakika kwambiri pamtunda uno, wandiweyani, simungathe kudzipatula motere, ndikung'amba - iyi ndi njira yoyipa kwambiri. Ndipo chinthu chabwino ndikutenga ndikudula mtanda ndi mpeni. Pamenepo mukupita. Tidula. Mizu yayikulu imakhala pafupi ndi zimayambira. Mukuwona, aha? Maluwa awiri opatukana.
Timagawa mizu ya maluwa owira, kudula ndi mpeniPali maluwa ena awiri. Pakadali pano, ikani pambali. Ndipo momwemo timadulanso gawo ili. Ngati, panjira, ikang'ambika mosavuta, chabwino, mukuwona, sizingakhale zong'ambika mosavuta, chifukwa ngakhale kudula nkovuta. Ndi momwe timadulira.
Mukamalekanitsa maluwa okhathamira, yesetsani kuti musawononge mizu yayikuluIliyonse ili ndi mizu yokwanira. Mizu yambiri yolimba. Chifukwa chake, maluwa awa adzalandiridwa bwino ndi ife. Ndipo kale pankhaniyi sitigwiritsa ntchito mphika wawukulu kwambiri. Tili ndi mphika wokwanira. Ndiye timatani? Pansi pa mphika uwu timathira zinthu zofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, dongo lokwakulitsidwa. Apa adathira masentimita 5 odongoledwa - izi ndi zokwanira. Masentimita 3-4 a dongo lokulitsidwa ndilokwanira. Mwakuti chinyezi sichimayenda ndipo mizu yake siivunda. Tsopano, pang'onopang'ono, tikudzaza dothi labwino la maluwa, tikutenga dothi - tsopano lili m'masitolo. Timasindikiza, onetsetsani kuti mwasindikiza: Ndipo timadzala chomera chathu pakatikati, ndikupanga, ngati pangafunike, tithandizenso kadzenje. Pamenepo mukupita.
Maluwa otalikirana amatha kubzalidwa mumphika wocheperako, ndikudzaza ndi madzi ndi dothiNdiye kuwaza ndi dothi. Ngati mulibe mwayi wogula dothi makamaka wa maluwa, ndiye chonde dzipangeni nokha. Mudzafunika, mwachitsanzo, biofore, mudzafunika mchenga ndipo, mwina, dothi wamba la dothi, nthaka yabwino. Sakanizani pazofanana. Onjezani feteleza pang'ono, momwe mulinso phosphorous, nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu. Pali mitundu yambiri ya feteleza. Sakanizani bwino, tsopano, monga ndikubzala tsopano, ngati mukutsatira magawo ozungulira mizu, mudzabzala ndipo chomera chanu chimva bwino.
Mutabzala duwa mumphika, timadzaza nthaka mozungulira chomerachoChoyamba ndi chachitatu kuthirira chitha kuchitika, ndipo ndingakulimbikitseni kuti muchite ndi yankho la wothandizitsa ndi mizu, yolimbikitsira yopanga mizu komanso kukula kwazomera. Ndiye mwamphamvu, mwamphamvu tidagwira mizu yonse. Pano tili ndi chomera chobzalidwa. Kodi tiyenera kuthirira motani?
Thirirani madzi omwe adaika mumphikaNdili ndi solero la heteroauxin pano. Amagulitsidwa kulikonse. Ili siliri vuto konse. Mankhwala akale kwambiri, achi Soviet. Koma yothandiza kwambiri, yabwino kwambiri. Umu ndi m'mene mungathiritsire. Onetsetsani kuti msuzi. Ndipo, mame anga, mpweya muzipinda zathu ndi wouma kwambiri, wouma kwambiri, kotero kuti mbewuyo imamverera bwino, makamaka ngati mukukula mu chipinda pazenera, ndiye onetsetsani kuti, makamaka kangapo patsiku, uzipopera. Osachepera 2 nthawi. M'mawa tidapita pazenera kuti tiwone momwe nyengo ilili - adawaza. Anabwera kuchokera kuntchito - ndinapopera madzi. Koma musalole, dothi kuti lisaume mumphika, osatero.
M'nyumba, mpweya ndi wouma kwambiri ndipo maluwa ayenera kuthiridwa nthawi zambiriMukangotulutsa maluwa, nthawi yomweyo muyenera kupatula masamba. Osasiya zoipa zoyipa zotere. Ndipo mutabzala, mwina, masamba ena omwe atha kale, ndibwino kuchotsa. Kapenanso kuzimiririka. Izi zisangalatsabe, koma uyu anali wamtopola komanso wambanda.
Tithira pamphika, pa duwa timachotsa masamba oyipa ndikuzimiririkaManyowa kamodzi pamwezi; gwiritsani feteleza kamodzi pamwezi. Pokhapokha ndiye kuti duwa lanu lidzakusangalatsani ndipo, chabwino, mu April, mutha kuwabwezeretsa kumalo awo oyamba ngati adakula m'munda. Eya, ngati inali mphatso yosayembekezeka, ndiye kuti ipitiliza kukulitsa ndikukondweretsani m'zipinda zanu.
Nikolai Fursov
PhD mu Sayansi ya Zaulimi
