Makumi azachuma a masiku ano okhala m'midzi ndi nyumba zam'nyumba zamalimwe ndiye mtundu wa nkhuku wotchuka kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, kuyika nkhuku mu nyumba za nkhuku ndi msipu waufulu, Mitundu yokhala ndi mazira imapereka mazira asanu ndi awiriwo ku banja, ndipo nyama zazing'ono zimatha kudyetsedwa kuti zidye nyama.
Oyamba nkhuku alimi nthawi zonse amakumana ndi chisankho choti apange nkhuku ziti. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, nthawi zambiri amakonda mbadwa za mazira ndi nyama. Mbalame zotere zimasiyana:
- kunyansidwa;
- kukana kwambiri kumatenda kuposa mafelera;
- kusinthasintha magulu aulere;
- kudziyimira pawokha kupeza chakudya pamalowa;
- kupanga mazira okwera komanso kukhazikika.
Ngakhale nyama zomwe zimapanga nkhukuzi sizingatchulidwe kuti ndizapamwamba kwambiri, nkhuku zokhala ndi kulemera pafupifupi 2,5-3 kg ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, mbalame zokhala ndi mafupa owoneka bwino kapena apakatikati zimakhala zokonzeka kuwola pazaka 126-130 masiku, ndipo patapita nthawi zimatha kubweretsa mazira okhathamiritsa ndikukhala pachisa. Kaya zimaswana, mazira pafupifupi 250 pachaka amalandiridwa kuchokera ku mazira oikira mazira pachaka. Kuchita koteroko sikungatheke konsekulu, kumakula mpaka 5 makilogalamu a kulemera kwamoyo, koma kupereka theka la mazira nyama nkhuku.
Momwe mungapezere mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya mayendedwe a nyumba? Ndizosadabwitsa kuti eni nkhuku mumawumba azinyumba amafuna kuti awone zotsatira za ntchito yawo posachedwa, osadikirira nthawi yophukira.
Kuti akwaniritse cholinga chawo, obereketsa amabzala nkhuku zokhala ndi dzira, zomwe ndizochepa chabe pakupanga dzira. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo amatha kulemera nthawi ndi hafu zowala "akatswiri". Nkhuku za mazira am'madzi ndizosakhazikika, kolimba, ndi nkhuku zabwino ndipo zimakulitsidwa popanda kukunkhuniza mumkaka wa nkhuku ndi m'malo odyetsa. Komabe, obereketsa nkhuku okha ndi omwe amasankha nkhuku zoyenda bwino, komanso zomwe ana ang'onoang'ono akhale nazo. Kuti tichite izi, ndikofunikira kuti muphunzire mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuyala nkhuku ndikuyerekeza wina ndi mnzake.
Chikuku Leggorn White
Mwa mitundu ya kuyala nkhuku ya komwe imayendetsa dzira, yotchuka kwambiri ndi yofala kwambiri ndi White Leghorn. Kwa zaka makumi ambiri, kudya, kusamalira mwachangu ndi nkhuku zoyambilira zakhala zikuzolowera alimi a nkhuku padziko lonse lapansi, ngati akatswiri othandizira mazira oyambirira. Mazira oyera oyera oyamba mpaka magalamu 62 a mbalame amabweretsa miyezi 4-5. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa mazira mu oimira abwino a mtunduwu kumafikira 250. Kulemera kwa mbalame yachikulire, ndikakuyerekeza ndi mitundu ya nyama, ndizochepa kwambiri - makilogalamu 1.5-2,5 okha. Koma podyetsa ana anu bwino, mutha kupeza nyama yabwino kwambiri.
Kwa mafamu ang'onoang'ono, Leggors achichepere ndi abwino, amakhalanso ndi mazira. Kulemera kwa nkhuku izi sikupitirira 1.7 kg, ndikupanga mazira omwewo ngati nkhuku zazikulu.
Dutch akugona nsapato Highsex Brown ndi Highsex White
Masiku ano, mtundu uwu wa nkhuku wafika poyambira kupeza mitundu yambiri yopanga dzira ndi dzira. Chitsanzo ndi mtanda wa Highsex bulauni ndi loyera. Ng'ombe zachi Dutch zomwe zimatulutsa bwino kwambiri sizingapikisane ndi nkhuku zomwe zimalemera kwambiri, koma kuyambira miyezi inayi zakhala zikuuluka mwachangu, zikubweretsa mazira akuluakulu a gramu 65. Kwa chaka, nkhuku zimapereka kuchuluka kwa mitundu - mazira 300. Zabwino sizikugwa kwa zaka 2-3.
Magawo Ophulika a Brown
Mtambo wosweka wa Loman Brown wopangidwa ndi obereketsa ku Germany pamaziko a oimira mitundu ya Plymouthrock ndi Rhode Island ndi amodzi mwa mazira osiyanasiyana. Kuyika Loman Brown malinga ndi dzinalo ndi zofiirira ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe abata, osakhazikika pakapulogalamu payokha. Mbalamezi sizinthu zamanyazi, zolimba komanso zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza pa zabwinozi, munthu sangalephere kutchula mtengo wa kusunga nkhuku izi. Amadya chakudya chokwanira, koma kuyambira miyezi 5.5 akukonzekera kuthamanga. Nthawi zambiri, dzira limalemera magalamu 62-64, limakhala ndi chipolopolo chofiirira cholimba, chomwe chimakhala ngati nkhuku zofiirazi. Kufikira mazira 320 kuchokera kwa mkazi pachaka, zomwe zimakhudzanso kusankha kwa kuyika nkhuku.
Anapiye a Rhode Island
Akuluakulu a Broken - Akhuku a ku Rhode Island adawatumiza ku United States ndikuphatikiza mizere ingapo yopambana kuti apange mbalame yolimba ndi dzira. Mitengo yofiirayi yokhala ndi thukuta ndi tizilombo tokhala ndi michira yabwino yakuda ndi yobiriwira yokhala ndi miyendo yamphamvu, mapiko ang'ono ndi milomo yachikasu kukopa chidwi cha eni nyumba osati ndi dzira lokongola, komanso kulemera kwa mitembo yanyama.
Kulemera kwa thupi la tambala wamkulu kumafika 3,8 kg, ndipo nkhuku pa kilogalamu imodzi ndizopepuka. Mbalame imayamba kudumphadumpha miyezi isanu ndi iwiri, ndipo mchaka chimodzi imatha kubweretsa mazira mazana awiri.
Amphaka a mtundu wa Russian White
Kwa alimi ambiri a nkhuku, komwe kumachokera mbalame kumakhala chinthu chomwe chimapangitsa kusankha kuyika nkhuku. Njira imeneyi ndi yomveka, chifukwa mitundu ya m'deralo nthawi zonse imasinthasintha kukhala ndi moyo, amadziwa chakudya chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso nyengo. Mitundu ya Russiankkaya Belya, yomwe idabadwa pakati pa zaka zapitazi, ndiye mbadwa za White Leghorn ndi mbalame zam'derali, zomwe zidakula ndikuwonjeza zipatso pakusankha.
Ali ndi miyezi isanu, kuyika nkhuku za mtunduwu kumapereka mazira oyera oyamba mpaka 58 magalamu. Mazira oposa 200 amatha kupezeka kuchokera kwa munthu m'modzi pachaka.
Komanso, kuchuluka kwa dzira sikumatsika ngakhale mu nyengo zovuta, mwachitsanzo, pakutentha kwakanthawi kapena ndi chakudya chokwanira.
Kuswana nkhuku Adler siliva
Adler akugona nkhuku ndi mbalame zokongola zoweta zoweta zomwe zimapezeka ku Krasnodar Territory. Nkhuku zodya nyama ndi mazira zimagwirizanitsa mawonekedwe amitundu yambiri yotchuka yosankhidwa ndi obereketsa ngati makolo a mbalame yamtundu wachilendo.
Kwa mbalame zamtunduwu mafupa olimba amakhala ndi mawonekedwe, akuwonetsa kukula bwino, mawonekedwe osinthika komanso kupirira. Ng'ombe zasiliva za nkhuku yokhala m'mimba sizitha kusiya eni ake popanda mazira, ndipo ana onenepa kwambiri amapatsa nyama yabwino yazakudya.
Kuswana kwa nkhuku Kotlyarevskaya
Mtundu wina wolimba womwe umapangidwira mazira ndi nyama yaku Caucasian ndikuyika nkhuku za mtundu wa Kotlyarevskaya. Kwa chaka chimodzi, nkhuku zimatha kupereka mazira 240, ndipo chisamaliro chabwino ndi kudyetsa, kupanga mazira sikucheka kwa zaka zingapo. Zipolopolo za mazira zolemera mpaka magalamu 63 zimakhala ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino wamafuta. Makumi ndi oyamba kucha, m'malo mwake amakula. Sangokhala nkhuku zogwira ntchito mwachangu, komanso nkhuku zabwino, zomwe zimakhudzanso kusankha kwa mtundu wabwino koposa wa nkhuku zanyumba.
Kuswana nkhuku Zagorsk nsomba
Ambuye ochulukitsa pafupi ndi Moscow adalandila mtundu wa nkhuku zowerengera, zosangalatsa kwa eni nyumba zapanja. Awa ndi nkhuku za nsomba za Zagorsk, zotchedwa chifukwa cha kuunika, mthunzi wokongola wa nyama yokoma. Kulemera kwa tambala wamtunduwu kumafika pa 3,6 kg, ndipo nkhuku imatha kulemera mpaka 2.7 kg.
Opanga nkhuku zoyambira amathanso kukopeka ndikuti amuna ndi akazi pano ndiosiyana kalekale kuchokera tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndipo pofika nthawi yomwe akukula, utoto utapangidwa bwino, okhala ndi thukuta komanso nkhuku siziwonongeka.
Tizilombo tambiri tating'onoting'ono tomwe timagulitsa pachaka zimapatsa mazira 260 olemera 60 g.
Kuswana kwa nkhuku Pushkinskaya milozo ndi motley
Pachaka cha kalendala, thonje la Pushkin-strley lomwe limayala nkhuku limatha kupereka mazira 270, pomwe lachikazi limalemera pafupifupi 2 kg, ndipo tambala amakula mpaka 2,5 kg. Ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsawa opanga, munthu sangadziwe zina zakunja kwa mbalameyo. Roosters ndi nkhuku ndizowoneka bwino kwambiri. Potengera maziko oyera, maonekedwe akuda ndi a bulauni akuwonekera bwino ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana. Miyendo ndi yopepuka, mulomo ndi wowongoka mwamphamvu, ma scallops ndi ndevu ndi ofiira owala.
Kwa panganoli, mtundu uwu wa nkhuku zowala ndi wabwino chifukwa sudziwa momwe umawulukira ndipo sufuna kumanga mipanda yayikulu.
Kuyambira ali mwana, nkhuku zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kupirira kwawo, zimakonda kuzolowera, zimafunafuna chakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, nyama yankhuku imakhala ndi malingaliro komanso kukoma.
Nkhuku za chikumbutso cha mtundu wa Kuchinsky
Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri a mazira ndi nyama mu amtundu wa mtundu wa Kuchinsky Jubilee. Mopanda chidwi ndi momwe amasungidwira, m'malo mocha kwambiri ndipo mbalame zokongola kwambiri ndizokonzeka kupereka kwa mazira 180 pachaka. Nthawi yomweyo, munthu sayenera kuyiwala za zokolola za nyama. Unyinji wa tambala umafika pa 3,7 makilogalamu, nkhuku pa kilogalamu imodzi ndiyopepuka kuposa amuna.
Makumi ena amabanja Dominant
Mitundu yakale, yokhazikika bwino sikuchepera kutchuka m'mafamu akulu, komanso m'mabwalo amtundu, momwe mbalame zochepa zimasungidwa. Ndipo moyo umapitabe patsogolo, osinthana mosatopa amapereka mitanda yatsopano ndi mitundu yatsopano.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zatsopanozi ndi nkhuku za mtundu wa Dominant. Mitanda yopanga dzira ndi nyama, amapezeka kuchokera kwa oimira nkhuku.
Chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwanzeru kwa magazi, obereketsa amakwanitsa kukhala ndi ng'ombe yolimba yokhala ndi mikhalidwe yomwe imalamulira makolo awo, kutanthauza kuti amapanga mazira ambiri komanso nyama yabwino kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, kuyala nkhuku sikothandiza, kusinthasintha komanso kusinthika mosavuta ndikusungidwa.
