Dolphinium Perennial amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazomera zabwino kwambiri za m'munda. Mitengo yamphamvu yokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa ambiri imatha kutalika mamita awiri. Tiyeni tikambirane za malamulo obzala ndi kusamalira mbewuyi.
Mitundu ya maluwa ikhoza kukhala yosiyana kwambiri - yoyera, yamtambo, yamtambo, yamtambo, yofiirira komanso yofiyira. Mitundu ina imakhala ndi fungo lomveka bwino, pomwe ena, m'malo mwake, amakhala ndi fungo labwino komanso labwino. Zonunkhira bwino kwambiri ndizoyera.
Kubzala mbewu ndi chisamaliro
Delphiniums wonyoza, chifukwa chake, kuwasamalira sikubweretsa mavuto ambiri. Komabe, kufalitsa mbewu si ntchito yophweka ndipo kumafunika kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zina zikufunika.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu ndi nkhani yovuta, kaya mukuganiza kuti mukukula bwanjiNdikwabwino kusungira nthangala za delphinium nthawi yozizira - zatsimikiziridwa kuti m'malo otere amakhalabe ndizotheka kuchita bwino kwambiri.
Kusankha koyenera malo obzala
Ndikofunikira kusankha malo oyenera kukafikako. Delphiniums amafunikira pakuwoneka bwinokomabe, ndibwino kuwaponyera pansi kuti mu nthawi yotentha kwambiri ali mumthunzi.
Kupanda kutero, maluwa onyezimira amatha. Malowa ayenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino, koma nthawi yomweyo amatetezedwa ku mphepo zamphamvu. Ma dolphiniums nthawi zambiri amabzala pafupi ndi mpanda wamundawo, womwe umawateteza ku dzuwa ndi mphepo.
Mukadzala ndi osatha a delphinium
Mbewu za mbande nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwa Okutobala - kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, koma mutha kuzifesa nthawi yozizira komanso nthawi yomweyo. Pankhaniyi, mbewu zidzakhala zochulukirapo kugonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi nyengo zovuta.
Kuphatikizika kwa mbewu
Asanabzale, mbeu ziyenera kupangika - zisungidwe m'malo otentha. Chifukwa cha izi, zidutswa za nsalu yonyowa pokonza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mbewuzo amazikoloweka ndipo zimasungidwa mufiriji kuzitentha pafupifupi +5.
Zomwe wamaluwa sasunga mufiriji - mbewu ndi ma acorn zimatha kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali oziziraNthawi zina mbewu zimayamba kumera nthawi yayitali - izi ndizosavuta kudziwa powoneka ngati madontho oyera. Mbewu nthawi zambiri zimaphimbidwa pafupifupi milungu iwiri.
Mbewuzo zikayamba kutupa, zakonzeka kubzala.
Nthawi yonseyi ndikofunikira kuwunikira mosamala kuti nsaluyo siuma, komanso kuti musalole kupsinjika.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi
Pobzala mbewu pa mbande, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lokonzedwa kale, koma zosakaniza zotere nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi peat yambiri, zomwe sizingafanane ndi kukoma kwa delphinium. Ndizodalirika kwambiri kukonza nokha.
Kuti muchite izi, sakanizani molingana mchenga, chernozem ndi humuskuwonjezera theka lagalasi la perlite pa malita asanu aliwonse a nthaka. Perlite imapangitsa dothi kukhala lonyowa komanso lotayirira. Gawo lomalizidwa bwino limatetezedwa ndi Fitosporin.
Kufesa dolphinium
Mbewu zomwe zadutsa stratization ziyenera kugawidwa moyenera pamwamba pa gawo lapansi, ndikuwazidwa pang'ono - pafupifupi 3-4 mm, ndikupanga pang'ono wosanjikiza.
Kenako muyenera kunyowetsa nthaka. Kuti muchite izi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti yowaza - imapereka kuthirira kofatsa kwambiri kwa mbewu, kenako mphukira zazing'ono zosalimba.
Delphinium imasiyana kwambiri kukula kwamdima, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri imakutidwa ndi filimu yakuda. Kutentha kwakukulu pakuphukira kwa mbande pafupifupi madigiri 10-15. Izi zikangochitika, chotsani filimuyo.
Nthawi zambiri njirayi imatenga masiku 10-14. Nthawi yonseyi ndikofunikira kuti nthaka ikhale chinyezi chokwanira ndikumapopera mankhwalawa kuchokera mfuti.
Pofuna kupewa mapangidwe a condurance, ndikofunikira "kuwongolera" gawo lapansi kwa mphindi 10-15 tsiku lililonse.
Kutola ndi kumera
Chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa mbande kudumphira m'madzi amafunikira mosamala kwambiri.
Kudula kumayenera kuchitika masamba a masamba awiri ngati awonekera. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito magalasi kapena mapoto okhala ndi voliyumu yoposa 200 ml. Mitundu ya nkhalangozi imakula pamtunda wa pafupifupi +20 degrees. Mu Meyi, achinyamata delphiniums ayenera kuyamba pang'onopang'ono kuzolowera mpweya wabwino komanso kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Kukoka ndi njira yofunika komanso yofunika kuti ugwire bwino ntchito ndi mbandeMuzu wazomera ukakola dothi lonse, ndiye nthawi yakukonzekera kuti ukasokere munthaka. Ndikofunikira kuyamba kukonzanso dothi mu kugwa, kukumba ndikuthira manyowa ndi manyowa kapena humus. Kupuma ndikofunikira kukumba.
Delphinium imakonda dothi losalowerera kapena pang'ono acidic, apo ayi ndikofunikira kuwonjezera laimu.
Sankhani nthawi zambiri mumagwiritsa ntchito mbande zokulira. Chifukwa chake, tidalankhula za chifukwa choti uzitsine ndi mbande za mbande za zinnia.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Delphinium amakonda kwambiri feteleza. Ndikofunikira kumudyetsa ngakhale mukukula kwa mbande, ndikugwiritsa ntchito "Solution" pa izi. Zokwanira 1-2 pakudya ndi masabata osachepera atatu.
Feteleza wabwino kwambiri wobzala humus, kompositi ndi phulusa. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wama mineral.
Delphiniums nthawi zambiri amadyetsedwa katatu pakanthawi:
| Nthawi yoyamba | koyambirira kwam'mawa, feteleza wachilengedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa izi, manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, pafupifupi lita imodzi pa ndowa imodzi yamadzi |
| Nthawi yachiwiri | pa kuwoneka masamba - zovuta feteleza. M'pofunika kumwaza pakati pa tchire la mbewu, kenako ndikuzama ndi masentimita 5, kuwaza ndi peat |
| Kachitatu | mu Ogasiti, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe |
Ma feteleza ophatikizika amathanso kugona ndi osathaNdikofunikira kwambiri kudyetsa mbewu nthawi yamaluwa - chisamaliro chokwanira chitha kumabweretsa "mipata" mu inflorescence.
Malamulo Othirira
Delphinium ndiwosakanikirana, koma musakhale achangu kwambiri. Kuthirira kwambiri (mpaka zidebe ziwiri za madzi pachitsamba chilichonse) kumangolimbikitsidwa pokhapokha nyengo yowuma, nthawi yayitali ndikofunikira kuti nthaka ikhale yonyowa pang'ono.
Zofunikanso kupewa madzi masamba kuti asakwiyitse.
Kudulira
Maluwa atakwanira, maluwa akutuwa amayenera kuchotsedwa pomwepo - nthawi yotentha kuti maluwa atsopano awonekera mu Seputembala, komanso m'dzinja kuti muwone inflorescence yowala komanso yokongola munyengo yatsopano.
Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse tsinde pafupi ndi nthaka nokha, onetsetsani kuti mukuwaza tsinde ndi nthaka yonse. Amachita izi kuti madzi asadziunjike pachitsime, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa chitsamba chonse.
Delphinium - poyizoni, chifukwa chake, msuzi suyenera kuloledwa kukumana ndi khungu.
Kubzala kwa dolphinium
Njira zosavuta zoberekera dolphinium - kudula kapena kugawa chitsamba.
Kugawika kwa chitsamba m'magawo angapo kumachitika zaka zitatu ekemplyary. Mutha kuchita izi mchaka, pomwe mphukira zoyambirira zimatuluka, kapena mu Ogasiti, maluwa atamaliza kale, koma mbali zina za mbewu zimakhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu yatsopano.
Zofunika kukuta kwathunthu ndi kuchotsa malo owuma komanso owola. Kenako, ndi mpeni wakuthwa, gawani mphumphuzo m'magawo angapo. Ndikofunikira kuti gawo lirilonse lipulumuke mwamphamvu kamodzi.
Ndikwabwino poyamba kubzala mbewu zatsopano m'miphika, ndipo patatha milungu ingapo, ikakulirakulira, ndikasendeza poyera.
Pofalitsa ndi odulidwa, ndikofunikira kupatutsa mphukira zazing'ono ndi gawo la rhizome ndi mpeni wakuthwa, sikofunikira kukumba. Wobzala m'miphika kapena mabokosi okhala ndi lonyowa gawo lakuya masentimita 2-3, ndipo patatha milungu ingapo kuziika poyera.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Ma dolphiniums osiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri amakhudza ma virus ndi powdery mildew. Tsoka ilo, chikwangwani choyera chikawoneka pamasamba, chimachedwa kwambiri kuchiza. Chifukwa chake, pofuna kupewa, ndikofunikira kupopera nthawi yodzala ndi fungicidal (antifungal) othandizira, Fitosporin.
Powdery mildew imakhudza mbewu zam'munda zilizonseKodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa chisamaliro cha masika ndi nthawi yozizira
Pofika nthawi yozizira, gawo lonse la mlengalenga liyenera kuchotsedwa ndikuwotchedwa, kuti tipewe kuchulukana kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus mmalo mwake ndi kuzizira kwa tizirombo. Delphiniums safuna pogona nthawi yachisanu - amalekerera ngakhale kwambiri chisanu, koma kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kumatha kufooketsa maluwa.
Pakatikati, tchire limagawika, mbewu zimasungidwa, komanso kuvala koyamba kwa nyengo - pomwe mphukira zimafika kutalika kwa 10-15 cm.
Chovala chachiwiri chapamwamba chimachitidwanso mchaka, kumapeto kwa Meyi, panthawi yophukira.
Malangizo othandiza kwa wamaluwa
- Zomera zakale sizimatulutsa kwambiri koma zochuluka, koma iye chitsamba chitha kuyamba kuvunda. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika ali ndi zaka zitatu.
- Pali mitundu ya delphinium yomwe singatengeke mosavuta ndi matenda - awa ndi mitundu ya New Zealand yomwe safuna chithandizo.
- Mukathirira kapena mvula ndikofunika kwambiri kumasula dothi lozungulira chomera.
- Kukhalabe kowala kwambiri komanso kukongoletsa kwa inflorescence, ndikofunikira kuti tichepetse tchire. Chapakatikati, mphukira zikafika 20 cm, pezani zamkati, zofowoka zochepa, ndikusiya mphukira 3-4 kuthengo.
Ziwetozi ndi zazitali ndipo zimafunikira garter kuti ikulitse theka la mita- Zomera zikafika kutalika kwa masentimita 50, amangidwa kuti asaswe.
- Delphinium ndiyopirira chisanu, imatha kupirira ngakhale pang'ono kwambiri kutentha, komabe, pakadutsa thandi, mizu ya chomera imayamba kuthira.
Kamangidwe kazithunzi
Delphiniums nthawi zambiri amapanga malo owoneka bwino okha omwe amakhala ndi masamba, chifukwa mbewuzi ndizithunzi:
| Mitundu yayitali | yoyenera kukongoletsa hedges ndi makhoma |
| Yapakatikati | kongoletsani mkati mwa maluwa |
| Otsika kwambiri | obzalidwa m'mabedi amaluwa, m'malire, azikongoletsa muli |
Mitunduyi imakhalanso ngati chokongoletsera chabwino kwambiri mkati mwa nyumba - delphiniums odulidwa amatha kuyimilira mu bokosi kwa masiku 10.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri
Masiku ano, pafupifupi mitundu 400 ya delphiniums amadziwika, onsewa amagawidwa kukhala mitundu yosatha komanso chaka chilichonse.
Chomera chomwe chili ndi mitundu yayikulu mosiyanasiyanaOtchuka kwambiri a iwo ndi:
Mfumukazi yamphongo - imodzi mwachilengedwe chokongola kwambiri, imatalika mamita awiri, maluwa ake amatomera, matalala, akuluakulu kwambiri, opinki.
Zingwe za chipale chofewa - mbewu zokhala ndi fungo labwino, mpaka 1.5 m kutalika, ndi maluwa oyera velvet.
Gulugufe wapinki - tchire otsika, 80-100 cm, ndi maluwa apinki, mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mapiko a gulugufe.
Kutsatira malamulo onse omwe ali pamwambawa, ndikosavuta kukulitsa delphinium wokongola wathanzi m'munda mwanu, ngakhale ndi masamba osatha kapena achaka. Chachikulu ndichakuti muwone kulondola kwa chisamaliro, monga maluwa ena onse.
