Kulima moyenera komanso kusamalidwa kwa streptocarpus kunyumba

Kukula kwamaluwa kunyumba, simungathe kupita m'masiku akale a streptocarpuses. Zomera zowala izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yayikulu yosiyanasiyana, kuti aliyense athe kusankha okha mitundu yoyenera. Streptocarpus imatha kukula pafupifupi kulikonse., imalekerera kusintha kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi, kukula ndi kuisamalira sikungadzetse mavuto ambiri.

Kufotokozera kwamasamba

Chomera choyamba chowala chamaluwa chapulogalamu chidapezeka mu 1818 ndi James Bowie wa ku England wopanga mitengo yamapiri ku Cape Province of Africa. Duwa ili limatchedwa Streptocarpus Rex.

Pambuyo pake, mitundu ina yam'tchireyi idapezekanso, yomwe idakhala makolo a mitundu ina yophatikiza yomwe amabadwa ndi obereketsa.

Dzina la duwa - streptocarpus - limachokera ku mawu awiri achi Greek omwe amatanthauza "chipatso chopindika."

Streptocarpus ndi mbewu yomwe mawonekedwe ake ndi adzafupikitsa phesi ndi kukhalapo kwa masamba ambiri, odzaza masamba a mawonekedwe a lacenic, yomwe imatha kupakidwa utoto umodzi wobiriwira kapena yowala komanso yokongola. Pafupifupi, kutalika kwawo ndi masentimita 30 ndi m'lifupi mwa 5-7.

Maluwa amakhala okha kapena awiriawiri omwe amakhala pamasitepekukula masamba sinuses.

Danga lamtundu wa wosakanizidwa ndi masentimita 9, kupatula miyendo. Kuthengo, chiwerengerochi chimakhala chochulukirapo, masentimita 2,5 okha.

Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kakang'ono ka duwa, malo owala kwambiri amapangidwa pa streptocarpus. Zipatsozo ndi bokosi lamzimu.

Ma cell a Streptocarpus akugunda mosiyanasiyana:

• m'malo achilengedwe maluwa ali ndi utoto wabuluu kapena wofiirira, koma mitundu yosakanizidwa imatha kuyimiridwa ndi maluwa okhala ndi miyala yoyera, yachikaso, yapinki, yofiyira, yamtambo komanso yamtambo wakuda;
• maluwa amatha kukhala owoneka bwino kapena osiyanasiyana panjira ndi zokongoletsera;
• komanso pali pamakhala mawonekedwe osiyanasiyanaMwachitsanzo, terry, cororated kapena fancy. Mphepete mwawo amatha kuzunguliridwa kapena ndi funde losalala.

Duwa laling'onoting'ono, mawonekedwe owala amawonekera pa streptocarpus

Pakadali pano, asayansi ali ndi mitundu yopitilira 130 streptocarpus, yomwe imagawidwa m'magulu atatu:

1. Mtundu wa tsinde - awa ndi zomera zokwawa, zokwawa yokutidwa ndi maluwa ambiri ang'ono.
2. Mtundu wotulutsira - wosakanizidwa, momwe mulibe zimayambira, ndipo masamba amatengedwa m'miyala yayikulu.
3. Mtundu wamasamba amodzi - Mbali yapadera ya maluwa oterowo ndi kupezeka kwa tsamba lalikulu, lomwe limatha kukula mpaka mita imodzi m'litali ndi masentimita 60 mulifupi. Nthawi zina, masamba angapo othandizira omwe amakhala ndi masamba osakhazikika amatha kupanga ma streptocarpus.

Pa streptocarpus imodzi, mpaka mazana a maluwa owala ndi achilendo amatha kupanga, omwe amakhalabe okongoletsa kwake kwa miyezi 5-7.

Mwanjira yamaluwa, chomera chotere chimawoneka ngati chipewa chautoto, chovala masamba a velvet.

Zikuwoneka kuti streptocarpus ndi mtengo wabwino kwambiri wamaluwa, koma amakhalanso ndi ndalama zake, chachikulu chomwe chidzakhale kutaya kwake mwachangu mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa, maluwa ochulukirapo komanso owala.

Mukukula chomera chotere, muyenera kulingalira iyenera kusinthidwa zaka zitatu zilizonse.

Zambiri zothandiza za maluwa kuchokera ku Duwa Laka maluwa:

Zosiyanasiyana

Kufotokozera mitundu ya streptocarpus, imatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri, mwachitsanzo, zomera zamtchire ndi hybrids, zodziwika podutsa woyamba.

Ma subspecies amtchire

Royal streptocarpus

Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ikhale masamba yayitali (mpaka 25 sentimita), pomwe pamakhala kupindika pang'ono.

Pakati penipeni pa maluwawa amapaka utoto wakuda, pomwe m'mphepete mwa miyala yozungulira pali zoyera, ndi mikwaso yofiirira komanso mikwingwirima.

Royal streptocarpus

Steleobrazuyuschiy

Pamba lomwe limakhazikika pamtunduwu limakula mpaka masentimita 40-60 kutalika. Maluwa akutuluka, utoto wa buluu kumwamba.

Chithunzithunzi

Mitundu iyi ndi ya mtundu wa tsinde ndipo imakula mpaka masentimita 15 kutalika. Maluwa amapakidwa utoto wofiirira ndipo amatengedwa mu ma ambulera inflorescence achilendo.

Gulu la Pickaxe

Vendlan

Chomera choterocho chimakhala ndi tsamba limodzi lalikulu lomwe kutalika kwake ndi 90 sentimita. Pamwamba ndi yokutidwa, kupindika komanso kupaka utoto wobiriwira, pomwe gawo lakatsambalo ndi lofiirira.

Peduncle imaphatikizapo maluwa akuluakulu 15-20 amtundu wowala wa buluu. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mitundu ya Vendlan imatha kufalikira pogwiritsa ntchito njere. Komanso mbewu izi zimataya mphamvu pambuyo pa maluwa oyamba.

Gawo la Wendlan

Zophatikiza

Mitundu ya haibridi imaphatikizapo mbewu zomwe zimabadwa mwangozi m'maiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi, kuphatikizapo Russia.

Amaretto

Masamba a chomerachi amapakidwa utoto wobiriwira ndipo amatengedwa mu malo akuluakulu. Maluwa ndi akulu kukula, ambiri aiwo amapangidwa muutoto wofiirira, pomwe pakati malo owoneka bwino achikaso amawoneka bwino. M'mphepete mwa miyala ya pamakhala mwayera ndikuzungulira.

Zosiyanasiyana Amaretto

Nyanja ya Baltic

Streptocarpus imakhala ndi mawonekedwe achilendo, owala amtambo ooneka bwino. Khosi la maluwa limapaka zoyera. Ndizofunikanso kudziwa kuti mapichesi am'munsi ndi amtundu zingapo wakuda kuposa wapamwamba.

Nyanja za Baltic Zosiyanasiyana

Nsanje ya Milungu

Masamba amtunduwu ndiwobiliwira owoneka bwino bwino. Maluwa ndi akulu, oumbika, oyera utoto.

Chosiyanitsa ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino rasipu okongoletsa mawonekedwe onse a pamatchulidwewo. Khosi limakhala ndimaso amdima.

Kalasi Ya Milungu

Chipale chidayuka

Masamba a streptocarpus awa ndi utoto wa emarodi ndipo ali ndi makonzedwe owala. Maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi m'mphepete mwa wavy amapaka utoto wonyezimira wa pinki, pomwe pamitundu iliyonse mumatha kuwona mawonekedwe ofiira.

Kalasi ya Chipale Rose

Saltense Ruby

Masamba amtunduwu ndiwobiliwira, ali ndi m'mbali. Maluwa ndi akulu kwambiri, amapaka utoto wa burgundy, pomwe khosi limapangidwa muzithunzi zoyera ndi zapinki. M'mphepete mwa pamakhala.

Zakudya Zosiyanasiyana Zamchere Ruby

Kim

Chomerachi chimakhala ndi maluwa osazolowereka a lilac amdima, pafupifupi achikuda ndi mawonekedwe opepuka omwe amawoneka kuti akuwonekera kutali.

Kalasi Kim

Chipale chofewa

Streptocarpus yokhala ndi masamba obiriwira amdambo, itakulungidwa kwathunthu ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono. Mitundu yawo yamapala yoyera ndi mitsempha yamtambo-yamtambo. Phindu lalikulu la mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi maluwa oyenda chaka chonse.

Kalasi Ya Crystal Ice

Chifukwa chamtundu wamtundu wotere wa ma streptocarpus, nthawi zambiri amakhala olumikizana nawo ambiri alimi.

Momwe mungakulire kunyumba

Gawo loyamba pakukula kwa madola a mafunde ndikusankha mphika. Danga lonyowa liyenera kukhalapo pansi pa mphika.

Kwa mbewu iyi, chidebe chomwe mulifupi mwake ndi umodzi ndi theka kutalika kwake kuli koyenera, izi ndichifukwa choti duwa limakula mwachangu ndikuzaza msuzi wonse wamatope.

Chomera chaching'ono chimafunikira mphika wocheperako kuposa wachikulire, koma mulimonse, mulifupi wa chidebe sayenera kupitilira masentimita 14.

Mphika wokhala ndi mainchesi imodzi ndi theka kutalika kwake ndi koyenera.

Kwa streptocarpus mwanjira yabwino kwambiri nthaka zachonde, zopepuka komanso zotayirira zomwe zili ndi acidity ya 6.7-6.9 pH ndizoyenera. Pogula osakaniza omalizidwa m'sitolo, adzafunika kusakanikirana ndi agroperlite, vermiculite kapena sphagnum wosweka ndi moss.

Maluwa amkati amakula bwino pazowunikira komanso zachilengedwe. Komabe, kuti mukhale ndi maluwa owala komanso okongola, aliyense ayenera kukumbukira malamulo ochepa:

• mmera sikuvomereza mwachindunji dzuwa;
• kuti mukulitse nthawi ya maluwa a streptocarpus, nthawi yophukira ndi nthawi yozizira ndikofunikira kuwonjezera mwachilengedwe maola akuwala masana;
• ma phytolamps ndiye chida chowunikira bwino kwambiri chamazipinda chamkati;

Streptocarpus limamasula ndipo limakula bwino ngati kutentha kwa 24 degrees madigiri, ndi chinyezi chofanana ndi 60-70 peresenti.

Duwa limakonda kwambiri dziko lapansi ndi acidity ya 6.7-6.9 pH, sililekerera dzuwa mwachindunji

Kukula ndi kusamalira maluwa apanyumba nthawi yotentha komanso nthawi yozizira

Ma streptocarpuses amakonda kwambiri chinyezi chazambiri, kotero iwo kumva kwambiri kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa masamba madzi osungunuka kapena otayika.

Kuthirira mbewu ndikofunikira kuti nthaka ikomere, pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti chomera chamtunduwu sichilekerera chinyezi m'nthaka, chifukwa pankhaniyi, mizu yazomera ndi chomera chimafa kwathunthu.

Nthaka yapamwamba imangothiriridwa kokha mu achinyamata ma streptocarpuses, pomwe mbewu zachikulire zimathira madzi pachomeracho.

Pakatha masabata awiri aliwonse, ma streptocarpuses amadya zovuta feteleza wa mchere, kuphatikiza ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito:

• poyambirira, kuvala kwapamwamba kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, komwe kumaphatikizapo magalamu 6 a nayitrogeni, 3 magalamu a phosphorous ndi magalamu 6 a potaziyamu;
• kutsitsa ndi kusunga maluwa, magalamu anayi a nayitrogeni, magalamu 6 a phosphorous ndi magalamu 8 a potaziyamu amawonjezeredwa ngati feteleza.

Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti maluwa okha ndi amoyo omwe amafunika kukumana ndi manyowa.

Gawo lina lofunika pakusamalira mbewu Kuchotsa kwakanthawi kwamayendedwe ndi masamba owuma.

Nthaka yapamwamba imangothiriridwa kokha mu ma gerrocarpuses aang'ono; mbewu zazikulu zimathiridwa madzi mu poto

Kuswana

Njira Yachikulu

Pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi yobereka, malamulo otsatirawa ayenera kutsatiridwa:

• Choyamba, sankhani tsamba laling'ono, lalitali masentimita 4-5, ndikugawaniza magawo awiri ndikuchotsa mtsempha wapakati;
• ndiye kuti mbali zophatikizika zimayikidwa mumakontena ndi dothi ndikuwasamalira mpaka mizu itapangidwa pamodzi;
• Pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri ndi itatu, "ana" okhwima kale ndi okhwima amasiyanitsidwa ndi chomera ndikuyikidwa mu chidebe china.

Zomera zazing'ono zimabzalidwa mumphika wotalika masentimita 8-9. Choyamba, ngalande yamadzimadzi imathiridwa pansi, ndipo pokhapokha posakaniza dothi lopangidwa ndi magawo asanu a peat, mbali ziwiri za perlite ndi gawo la humus.

Timafalitsa tsamba la streptocarpus:

Kudula

Njira iyi imawonedwa ngati imodzi yosavuta:

• Choyamba muyenera kusankha tsamba lathanzi, laling'ono ndi petiole ndikudula pang'ono;
• phesi lomalizidwa limayikidwa m'madzi mpaka mizu yoyambayo ibwere. Komanso, ingabzidwe nthawi yomweyo dothi lonyowa, lotayirira komanso lopepuka, ndikupanga mphamvu yokhala wobiriwira pomwe imaluka maluwa amtsogolo ndi filimu;
• mizu yoyamba itawonekera, chomera chimayenera kupatsidwa nthawi kuti chikhale cholimba pang'ono, kenako ndikuziyika m'mbale zodyeramo zina.

Kugawanitsa

Njira iyi ndiyotchuka. kwa iwo amene akufuna kubzala wamkulu ndi wopitilira muyeso.

Ntchitoyi ikuchitika molingana ndi algorithm otsatirawa:

• kuthirira ndikuchotsa mumphika;
• ndiye muyenera kuyeretsa mizu ya dothi loumbika ndikugawa magawo angapo;
• Musanabzale, ndikofunikira kuthira malo odulidwayo, mwachidziwikire, lolani kuti liume kwa mphindi 20-30 ndikuwaza makala osweka;
• mpaka mbewuzo zitakula, zimakula pansi pa pulasitiki. Ndi zotsatira zabwino, maluwa oyamba ayenera kuwonekera m'miyezi iwiri kapena itatu.

Duwa limafalitsidwa ndi njere, kugawa chitsamba, kudetsa khungu ndi njira ya "toaster"

Kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu

Njira iyi ndi yayitali kwambiri komanso yovuta kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kumera kwa mitundu yosakanizidwa ya streptocarpus kuchokera ku mbewu sikutsimikizira kwathunthu kusungidwa kwa mawonekedwe amitundumitundu:

• Zilonda zopangidwa pambuyo pa maluwa ziyenera kutengedwa ndikusungidwa bwino;
• popeza nthangala za streptocarpus ndizochepa kwambiri, zimafesedwa mwachindunji panthaka yonyowa komanso yonyowa. Pambuyo pake amaphimbidwa ndi kanema kapenagalasi;
• Patatha masiku 10 kuwonekera kwa mphukira yoyamba, pobisalira akhoza kuchotsedwa;
• mbande zikangolimba, zibzalidwe mumiphika ingapo.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira yambewu, ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti maluwa oyamba sayenera kuoneka kale kuposa miyezi 11.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Streptocarpus sakhala ndi matenda ambiri. Nthawi zambiri mutha kuwona kupindika pa icho, zomwe zimawoneka ngati kutentha ndi chinyezi sizimawonedwa.

Kuti tichotse matendawa mmera uyenera kuthandizidwa ndi Fitoverm kapena Agravertin. Ndondomeko akubwerezedwa 2-3 nthawi ndi imeneyi ya masiku 5-7.

Matenda ndi tizirombo ta duwa: zopondera, nthata za akangaude ndi nsabwe za m'masamba

Kwenikweni, streptocarpus imagwidwa ndi tizilombo monga aphid kapena kangaude mite:

• kangaude utawoneka m'tchire, mapesi a maluwa awuma, ndipo kangaude umaonekera pamasamba;
• nsabwe za m'masamba zimawononga masamba, omwe amasintha achikaso ndikufa.

Kuti muchepetse tizirombo, chitani izi:

1. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kuwonongeka kwa maluwa zitawonekera, ziyenera kudzipatula mwachangu ku mbewu zina kuti tipewe kufalikira.
2. Kenako iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi Fitoverm, pambuyo pake streptocarpus imakutidwa ndi thumba la pulasitiki lolimba kwamasiku awiri.
3. Pakatha sabata, njirayi imatha kubwerezedwa.

Pofuna kupewa kupezeka kwa matenda ndi tizilombo tozungulira pakatha miyezi 1-1.5, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti chomera chija azichitira ndi Fitoverm yomweyo.

Streptocarpus ndiwofalikira m'nyumba, wogwira mosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma hybrids omwe alipo, wolima dimba aliyense adzatha kusankha duwa lomwe angafune.