Masamba okongola a aglaonema omwe amapanga tchire labasi ndi amodzi mwa zinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri mkati. Kuyanjana kodabwitsa kwa mitundu yovuta, koma yosasangalatsa kwambiri yomwe imawoneka yokongola komanso yabwino, imapatsa mbewuyo kukongola kwapadera. Ndipo kapangidwe kapadera ka masamba kamangotsindika kukongola kwa zonona ndi miyala ya siliva. Kukula aglaonema si ntchito yophweka. Kupatula apo, chikhalidwe ichi chimafuna chinyezi chachikulu, ndipo sichimakhululuka zolakwa posamalira. Wokongola, wodziwika, wapadera, wamkati aglaonema ndi chomera chamaluwa odziwa bwino ntchito yawo.
Aglaonema "Dzuwa Lobiriwira".
Kodi aglaonema imawoneka bwanji?
Dracaena, Cattleya, aglaonemes - izi zazikulu zitatu zakunyumba zamkati zakhala mtundu weniweni. Mukafuna chomera chokongola, chosapatsa chidwi, cholimba komanso chamakono chomwe chili ndi mawonekedwe okongola pamasamba, chimayamba kukumbukiridwa. Ndipo ngakhale kudzipereka sikunabadwa konse mu aglaoneme, mawonekedwe ake, komabe, amawoneka ngati chokongoletsera chenicheni cha mkati.
Aglaonems ndi masamba obzala omwe amabwera kwa ife kuchokera m'nkhalango zokongola za monsoon. M'magawo azikhalidwe, amasintha mawonekedwe ndi kukula, ndikupanga mawonekedwe. Ma aglaonems amtchire amapezeka ku India, Malaysia ndi South America. Zomera zamtundu wa Aglaonema zimayimira banja la Aroidae ndipo, pankhani ya kukula, masamba, ndi mawonekedwe awo osiyanitsa, ndizomera zodziwika bwino pabanjali.
Aglaonems ndi zitsamba zobiriwira zazing'ono zomwe zimamera ngati masamba opindika a masamba okhala ndi tsinde. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa aglaonems m'nyumba kumangokhala masentimita 70. Tsinde limapangidwa muzomera zakale zokha, ndipo masamba ochepa okha amawoneka mu aglaonemes achinyamata. Ndiwo kunyadira kwakukulu kwa chikhalidwe ichi.
Zazikulu, mpaka 30 cm kutalika kwake ndi 5 mpaka 10 cm, masamba a aglaoneme amawonekera ndi mawonekedwe oyenera kapena ozungulira ndi mawonekedwe. Amakhala pamitengo italiitali yomwe imapatsa mbewuzo kukula kwambiri ndikugogomezera kuyera kwa masamba. Mitsempha yapakati yochokera kumbali yakumbuyo imawoneka bwino pa pepalalo, koma mitsempha ya "mafupa" imatha kutchulidwa komanso kukhala yosawoneka.
Utoto wautoto wa aglaonem umayenera kuyenera kosiyana. Chikhalidwe ichi chimadzikuza makamaka ndi masamba ofunika kapena opindika. Kutengera mitundu ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsera, mtunduwo ndi wa toni ziwiri kapena utoto utatu. Mtundu wobiriwira woyamba sunakhale wakuda kwambiri, umawoneka ngati wopepuka, wowala komanso wokongola, nthawi zambiri mumapangidwe a udzu wamtambo, ndipo umathandizidwa ndi yoyera, zonona, imvi, siliva, chikasu chowala, zobiriwira zowala, zomwe zimawonekera m'malo osiyanasiyana. malire, mikwingwirima, madontho ndi madontho pamasamba aglaonem.
Aglaonems pachimake sakonda, ndipo ngakhale ali ndi zaka zolemekezeka komanso kuwasamalira bwino. Zomera zimatulutsa miyendo ingapo mpaka 20 cm, ndikuvala korona wamkulu, mpaka 6 cm, wobiriwira wopepuka, nthawi zina pafupifupi bulangeti loyera. Maluwa a aglaonema siopatsa chidwi kwambiri mpaka kudzipereka chifukwa cha tsamba lokongoletsa.
Chisamaliro chikuyenera kuthandizidwa pakugwiritsa ntchito aglaonemas. Ichi ndi chomera chakupha, mukamagwira ntchito nacho chomwe muyenera kuteteza manja anu ndi magolovesi M'pofunika kuonanso njira zopewera kukhazikitsa aglaonema m'mabanja okhala ndi ana aang'ono kapena ziweto.
Duwa la Aglaonema.
Mitundu ya aglaonem wamkati
Agloneemas muchipinda chikhalidwe ndiofala kwambiri. Pafupifupi mitundu khumi ndi zomera zotchuka, zogulitsa kwambiri zomwe, ngakhale ndizofanana zofanana, zimatha kudzitamandira ndi mikhalidwe yowoneka bwino.
Aglaonema amasintha (Aglaonema commutatum) - chomera chokongola chakhala chikukula ndi zaka, chimatha kukula ngati ma tchire oyera 20-30 cm, ndikukula mpaka mita imodzi. Masamba ndi lanceolate, yopapatiza kwenikweni, mpaka 30 cm kutalika, ndi mtundu wa motley (nthawi zambiri masamba a siliva kapena opepuka amakhala pafupi ndi masamba onse). Mtunduwu uli ndi mitundu yambiri yosanja yokongoletsera ndi mitundu yokhala ndi mawanga ndi mawonekedwe kapena osinthika masamba.
Makamaka otchuka ndi:
- mawonekedwe okongoletsa maculatum - ndi mawanga akulu, owoneka bwino ofanana ndi utoto wokutambalala, womwe umawoneka kuti ukupingana;
- mitundu yopapatiza "Mfumukazi ya Siliva" - ndi malo oyera-oyera, omwe pafupifupi amatha kutulutsa pepalalo bwino;
- kalasi yaying'ono "Siliva King", komanso masamba pafupifupi siliva kwathunthu;
- kalasi "Mala Kukongola" - okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi nthenga za mbalame ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa ofanana nawo pseudobracteatum;
- mawonekedwe warburgii - okhala ndi milozo zasiliva zoyera zosagwirizana ndi mitsempha yokhazikitsidwa ndi mafupa yopanga dongosolo la "chigoba";
- kalasi "Treubi" - Ndi kuwala kobiriwira komwe kumatikumbutsa za Dieffenbachia.
Agiboni Aglaonema (Aglaonema costatum) - chinyama chotsika kwambiri chokhala ndi mphukira yocheperapo, mobisa komanso chowotcha, chokhala ndi nsonga yoluka chimafikira 20 cm, pamtunda pomwe malo owoneka ngati kirimu yoyera ndi mawanga, amaikiratu ndi mtsempha wamkati wa silvery.
Wodzichepetsa Aglaonema (Aglaonema modum) - imodzi mwazosowa zomwe sizikhala ndi masamba ambiri mpaka theka la mita, ndipo masamba akulu mpaka 20cm kutalika ndi sloppy, tambiri tambiri. Mitsempha yamtsogolo imawonekera pamwamba pa pepalalo.
Curly Aglaonema (Aglaonema crispum) - mitundu yayikulu-yayikulu yokhala ndi nthambi zomera ndi masamba opindika, pomwe mikwingwirima yopingasa imawonekera pobiriwira.
Aglaonema Tribe (Aglaonema treubii) - nyamazo, zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndizosasamala komanso zopanda chinyezi, pomwe masamba amafika 15 cm, mawanga siliva owoneka bwino m'mitsempha yawo yotsekemera.
Aglaonema wanzeru (Aglaonema nitidum) - nyama yayikulu yokhala ndi mphukira yowongoka, yomwe kutalika kwake imatha kufika pa 1 mita ndi zaka. Masamba obiriwira otumphukira amakula mpaka 40 masentimita, amapaka utoto wowonda pakati pa mitsempha yotsekemera.
Aglaonema utoto (Aglaonema pictum) - mawonekedwe okongola okhala ndi mitengo ikuluikulu yolimba ndi lanceolate-oval, mpaka masamba 20 a masamba amdima, akuwoneka pafupifupi akuda poyerekeza ndi "njoka" yamtundu wobiriwira wa laimu.
Aglaonema oblongifolia (Aglaonema marantifolium) - Amasamba ake okhala ndi ma lanceolate mpaka 30 cm kutalika pafupifupi petioles zofanana. Mtundu woyambirira wowoneka bwino umaphatikizidwa ndi mawanga obiriwira otumphukira pakati pa mitsempha yotsatira.
Masiku ano, mitundu yochulukirapo ya hybrid ikugulitsidwa, yomwe imatha kudzitamandira ndi mitundu yowala kwambiri, tsamba laling'ono laling'ono ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono, komanso kukulira kupirira. Koma kudziwonetsa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya aglaonem sikutsimikiziridwa. Chifukwa chake, posankha mitundu muyenera kuwongoleredwa ndi machitidwe okongoletsa okha.
Aglaonema utoto "Velvetleaf Multicolor".
Kusintha kwa aglaonema (Aglaonema commutatum).
Aglaonema "Golide Wofiyira".
Zikhalidwe zakula mkati mwa nyumba ya aglaonem
Malinga ndi zizindikiro zambiri, aglaonemes amatha kutchedwa Tropicans wamba. Kwa iwo, muyenera kusankha kuunika koyenera kwenikweni ndi kutentha, koma nthawi yomweyo, mbewu sizikakamiza chilichonse chosafunikira.
Photophilous ndi thermophilic, aglaonemes samayankha bwino pakupatuka kulikonse kuchokera pazabwino kwambiri. Zimakhala zovuta kusankha njira yoyenera yokonzera dzinja, pomwe zolakwa zingayambitse kutaya kwathunthu. Mitundu ya masamba obiriwira wamba "imagwirizika kwambiri" ndi kuwala kochepa kapena kutentha, koma mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipatso imafunikira malo oyenera.
Chifukwa chokonda chinyezi chambiri, aglaonemes amatha kukhala m'modzi mwa mbewu zomwe zimakulidwa bwino m'malo owonetsera maluwa, malo obiriwira, maluwa okongola, ndi minda yazipinda zotentha. M'malo mwake, amatha kukhala otchuka kwambiri pagulu la nyenyezi zilizonse za maluwa kapena masamba, koma nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zokongoletsera zamkati. Kwa iwo kuti awulule kukongola kwawo mzipinda zogona, chisamaliro mosamala ndikuwunika bwino momwe zinthu zilili.
Zowunikira ndi kuyikidwa mkati
Mitundu yokongola ya aglaonem, komanso compactness, kachulukidwe ka tchire, ndizotheka mu kuwala kokwanira kokwanira. Masamba achikhalidwe ichi ndiwofewa, sangayime molunjika dzuwa, chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe owunikira aglaoneme amatha kumwazikana. Ngakhale kuyambira m'mawa kapena dzuwa lamadzulo m'chilimwe, zotchinga ziyenera kuyikidwa.
Ndi kuchepa mphamvu kowala ndi maola akuwala masana, ma aglaonemes ayenera kusunthidwa pazowoneka bwino kwambiri pazenera, kuyesa kukhalabe mulitali wosasintha. Kupanda kuwala kumatsogolera ku kuzimiririka, kutambasula, kuponya masamba.
Ngati ndi kotheka, kuyatsa kowonjezera kwa dzinja kumatha kuyikiridwa. Mithunzi ina imatha kupirira masamba a masamba obiriwira okha, omwe amatha kusungidwa ngakhale pang'ono chaka chonse. Komabe, ma aglaonemes oterowo amakhalabe okongoletsa kwambiri kokha pakuwala.
Mawonekedwe akum'mawa ndi kumadzulo amawongolera kuti amawoneka ngati malo abwino aglaon. Koma aglaonem sikuti amangoyikidwa pa iwo okha. Malo omwe angathe kukhala mkati mwachipinda chokhala ndi mawindo akumwera kapena angapo, pafupi ndi khonde lowala, komanso malo aliwonse okhala ndi kuyatsa koyenera, amakulolani kulowa mu aglaoneme pakupanga kwamalo odyera, malo achisangalalo, makhitchini, bafa kapena chipinda china chilichonse.
Kutentha ndi mpweya wabwino
Aglaonems ndi zikhalidwe kwambiri za thermophilic. Kutsika kochepa kovomerezeka kwa kutentha kwa mpweya ndi gawo lapansi kwa iwo ndi + 18 ° C. Kutsika kwakanthawi kochepa mpaka madigiri +12 chomera chitha kupirira, koma osagwiritsa ntchito masamba. Chowopsa pamera uwu ndi hypothermia ya mizu. Koma ngakhale kutentha, ngakhale kutentha kwatentha kwambiri m'nkhalango zotentha, aglaonema sakonda.
Zomera zikuwoneka bwino kwambiri ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kuchokera ku +22 mpaka + 23 ° C. Kukula kulikonse kwa kutentha pamwamba + 25 ° C kuyenera kutsagana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chinyezi. Kutentha komweko nthawi yachisanu ndi chilimwe kumapangitsa aglaoneme kukhalabe lokhazikika kukongoletsa.
Aglaonema amawopa kusintha kwa kutentha ndi chilichonse, ngakhale zokongoletsa zazing'ono. Chomera sichingatengedwe kupita kumweya watsopano ndipo ndikofunika kuteteza pakadutsa mpweya m'zipinda.
Aglaonema "Mfumukazi ya Siam".
Aglonema amasamalira kunyumba
Aglaonems sangatchulidwe kuti ndizovuta kwambiri kubzala mbewu zamkati, koma sangatchedwe zikhalidwe zosavuta, zosasamala komanso zolimba. Ndiwofunikira kwambiri kwa olima dimba omwe amatha kupanga mwadongosolo komanso mosamalitsa.
Amalephera kuthirira, kuphwanya zikhalidwe za undende kapena kusasamala posamalira aglaoneem ngati sichingaphe, ndiye kuti zimasokoneza masamba. Gawo lovuta kwambiri posamalira aglaonemes ndikusunga chinyezi cholondola chokwanira - zonse zapansi ndi mlengalenga.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Aglaonema ndichikhalidwe chokonda chinyezi m'mbali zonse. Kwa iye, muyenera kupeza malire pakati pa kuthirira ndi kuwolowa manja kwakukulu komanso kusakhalapo kwa kunyowa kwambiri. Kutsirira kumachitika pokhapokha kuyanika kumtunda kwa gawo lapansi, koma osalola chinyezi chadothi chambiri kusintha.
Pa matalala, kuthirira kwambiri ndizowopsa. Chomera chimathiriridwa mokulira, nthawi zambiri, kulola dothi lokulirapo kuti liume m'mbale zokhala ndi aglaonema. Koma kuyanika dothi konse sikuyenera kuloledwa ngakhale nthawi yozizira.
Ubwino wamadzi kwa aglaonema umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Kutetezedwa, kufewa, madzi ofunda pang'ono sikungosintha mawonekedwe a gawo lapansi pakanthawi, komanso kumateteza chomera ku kutentha kwambiri.
Aglaonems amafunikira chinyezi chachikulu. Kwa mbewu, ndibwino kukhazikitsa ma humidifiers kapena matreyi okhala ndi dothi lonyowa, dongo lokulitsa, miyala, koma ngati matenthedwe amakhalabe mu magawo oyenera, mutha kuchita kungopopera.
M'chilimwe, ngakhale ndi zokumbira zimagwira ntchito, ndibwino kuzichita tsiku ndi tsiku. Madzi opopera mbewu mankhwalawo akhale chimodzimodzi ndi kuthirira. Chomera chimayenera kupatulidwa ndi mpweya wocheperako kutengera izi.
Aglaonems amakonda mzimu.
Masamba awo ayenera kutsukidwa fumbi nthawi zonse - ndikutsuka kapena kupukuta pang'ono pofinyira ndi chofewa chofewa. Ngakhale aglaonem ali ndi masamba obiriwira, kukonzekera kulikonse kopitilira kuwala ndi kupukuta sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito pachomera ichi.
Feteleza ndi kuphatikizira feteleza
Kwa aglaonema, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza kuvala kwapamwamba kawirikawiri mu pulogalamu yosamalira. Zimachitika pokhapokha nthawi yogwira ntchito, pamene tchire limamasula masamba atsopano. Kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka Okutobala, mbewu zimadyetsedwa pafupipafupi nthawi 1 m'masabata awiri. Kusintha kuchokera pakuvala kovala mpaka nthawi yopuma kuyenera kukhala kosalala, osati lakuthwa.
Kwa aglaonem, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapadera kapena wapadera wopangidwira zokongoletsera komanso zovunda. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe muyenera kulabadira ndikusowa kwa chiopsezo cha alkalization wa nthaka. Kwa aglaonemes, feteleza wapadera wa Aroid kapena Dieffenbachia, komanso chisakanizo chokongoletsera ndi mbewu zokongoletsa, ndizabwino kwambiri.
Chipinda cha Aglaonema.
Mukukula ndi kupanga
Pa aglaonemas ang'ono ndi athanzi, kudulira kumachepetsedwa ndikuchotsa masamba owuma kapena owonongeka. Koma zikangolulidwa, chomera chimayamba kucheperachepera kapena kutalika, kutaya mapangidwe ake, ndikufunika kukonzanso.
Aglaonems amathanso kubwezeretsa mizu pakudula pamwamba pa tsinde ndi kuigwiritsa ntchito ngati tsinde la apical, kapena amakula mbewu zatsopano kuti zithetsedwe kuchokera pa tsinde ndi masamba odulidwa. Chomera chakale, ngakhale chitsa chake sichingokhala, sichiyenera kutayikiridwa: ndikathirira nthawi zonse, mbewuyo imatulutsa mphukira zazing'ono ndikubwerera ku mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa.
Thirani ndi gawo lapansi la aglaonema
Chifukwa cha kukula pang'onopang'ono, izi sizifunikira kumuika pachaka. Aglaonema amasamutsira kumipanda yatsopano pokhapokha mbewuyo itatha kudziwa bwino mphika wakale. Tchire tating'ono kwambiri tomwe timazana ndikuyenda pafupipafupi kwa zaka 1-2, achikulire - pafupifupi zaka zitatu zilizonse. Popeza mmera nthawi zambiri umataya kukongoletsa pofika chaka chachitatu kapena chachinayi, umakhala wocheperako, wopanda mphamvu, kuphatikizira kotero kumakupatsani mwayi wophatikiza njira yosinthira ndikusintha gawo lapansi.
Kwa aglaonema, kuphatikizira kumatha kuchitidwa mchaka chokha.
Chikhalidwe ichi, monga ambiri a Aroid, mumakonda makontena apamwamba ndipo nthawi zambiri simakula m'miphika yayikulu. Kutalika kwa chidebe kuyenera kukhala kocheperako kutalika kwake. Aglaonema amakonda zinthu zachilengedwe - miphika yaceramic. Mukamasankha miphika, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti aglaonema sakonda dothi lowonjezera. Kukula kwabwino ndikusunga kachulukidwe ndi maonekedwe a tchire kumawonedwa pokhapokha mutadzaza mumphika. Mbale zazikulu, aglaonema sizimatulutsa.
Dothi losakaniza aglaonema liyenera kukhala lopepuka, lopatsa thanzi komanso lopumira. Mulingo woyenera wa nthaka ndi pH 5.5. Mukamasankha gawo lapansi lomalizidwa, ndibwino kusamala osasakanikirana ndi dziko lapansi, koma magawo apadera a dieffenbachia, spathiphyllum kapena Aroid.
Mutha kusakaniza dothi lamasamba, lamasamba ndi mchenga ndi peat poyerekeza 2: 1: 1: 1.Kwa chomera, ndibwino kuti muwonjezere tchipisi tating'onoting'ono kapena makala pamtunda uliwonse wamtali wokonzeka. Aglaonema imatha kukhala wamkulu hydroponically, koma sakonda magawo a ionic.
Matenda, tizirombo ndi mavuto akukula
Aglaonems nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo. Mbewuyi imakondedwa kwambiri ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, kupindika komanso kukula kwa tizilombo, koma kangaude amapezekanso pamasamba. Mutha kuthana ndi tizirombo ndi kutsuka mbewu ndi sopo ndi madzi ndikuwachiza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Mukasungunuka madzi, aglaonemes amatha kudwala imvi, ndipo mitundu yamakono nthawi zambiri imakonda kuwonekera masamba. Matenda amatha kuthandizidwa pokhapokha pothana ndi mbewu yankho.
Mavuto omwe akukula:
- makwinya, kutayika kwa tsamba turgor pa mpweya wochepa;
- kuoneka kwamabala pamasamba dzuwa;
- kupotoza masamba pokonzekera komanso nthawi ya hypothermia;
- masamba a bulauni komanso odabwitsa mukamathilira ndi madzi ozizira kapena ovuta.
Kunyumba, aglaonems amafalitsa zokolola zokha.
Kufalitsa kwa Aglaonem
Kunyumba, aglaonema amakulitsidwa kokha mosaically. Pezani tchire zatsopano zitha kudulidwa komanso kupatula mbewu.
Kugawidwa kwa akuluakulu amphamvu (kuyambira azaka 3) ndikuyamba kutaya kukongoletsa ma tchire aglaonema kumachitika pokhapokha ngati ndikusintha. M'pofunika kuchitapo kanthu mosamala munjira imeneyi, kuyesera kuti mulekanitse ndi kuvulala kochepa ndikuwononga dziko lonse lapansi.
Mutha kusiyanitsa mbewu za ana aakazi zomwe zimapangidwa m'mbali mwa chitsamba (kulekanako kumachitika pamene timapepala tokwana 3-4 tomwe tidzaonekera pa mwana). Pambuyo pozisungira muzopanda zatsopano, mbewu zimafunikira chinyezi chambiri komanso kuthirira kwambiri.
Kwa zodula mu aglaonema, zonse tsinde kapena apical (muzomera zakale) ndi zodula masamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikwabwino kuzizika mu mchenga kapena mumchenga wosakanikirana. Chinyezi cha dothi lowala, chinyezi chambiri pansi pa kapu kapena mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi kutentha pang'ono + 22 ° C - izi ndi zofunikira zonse kuti mupeze mizu ya kudula mizu.
Ngati mukukula aglaonema m'nyumba, gawani zomwe mwakumana nazo mu ndemanga zomwe zalembedwa kapena patsamba lathu.
