Munkhaniyi, tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane kuti ndichifukwa chiyani komanso chifukwa chiyani phytophthora imachitika pa mbatata ndi njira zomwe zilipo zolimbana ndi matendawa.
Ndi anthu ochepa m'dziko lathu omwe amalingalira kuphika kunyumba popanda kuphika mbatata mwanjira imodzi kapena ina.
Kuphatikiza apo, ambiri amalima mbatata m'minda yawo ndikugulitsa nyumba zawo zokha.
Izi ndichifukwa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana: wina sakhulupirira katundu wogulidwayo, amakhulupirira kuti mbatata zomwe zili m'sitolo zitha kupitilizidwa ndi zinthu zovulaza, ena safuna zochulukirapo, ndipo wina amangolima ndi kusamalira masamba ndi zipatso zokha, kulipidwa malipiro oyenera mu mawonekedwe a zipatso zokoma.
Izi zikuchitika ngakhale kuti njira yovuta kwambiri ndi matenda ambiri komanso tizirombo.
Chimodzi mwa matenda amenewa ndi vuto lakachedwa.
Phytophthora pa mbatata - ndi chiyani?
Mochedwa kupweteka ndi matenda oopsa kwa mbewu za mtundu Solanaceae.
Choyambitsa matendawa ndi bowa kuchokera pagulu la oomycete.
Mwa kudzipatula ma phytospores, fungusyu amafalikira kudzera m'makulidwe a dothi ndipo amakhudza zimayambira ndi ma tubers a mbewu.
Pakupita milungu iwiri, bowa amapita patsogolo mwachangu ndipo chifukwa chake amatha kuwononga mbewu zambiri.
Zimayambitsa kuvuta mochedwa pa mbatata
Zosokonekera zimachulukitsa mwayi wakufalikira kwakanthawi.
Chinyezi ndi kutentha kwa mpweya m'dera la 25 ° C ndi malo abwino kwambiri kufalitsira kwa matendawa.
Matendawa amafalikira makamaka pamvula kapena masiku otentha.
Kuphatikiza apo, mame ofiira amathandizanso kufalikira.
Izi ndichifukwa choti kutentha kumalola bowa kuti akhwime, ndipo chinyezi chimathandizira kuti spores ilowe mu dothi motero imalowetsa ma tubers.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa - momwe zimawonekerachakumapeto kwa mbatata?
Mwamwayi, kuzindikira mochedwa vuto ndikosavuta.
Itha kuwoneka ngakhale ndi maliseche. Kwenikweni, matendawa amagwira ntchito m'chigawo chachiwiri cha chilimwe.
Koma kum'mwera zigawo mochedwa choipitsa sichimachitika kawirikawiri kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yotentha.
Matendawa amawonekera m'mphepete mwa masamba mu mawonekedwe a mawanga, omwe amafulumira kuwonjezeka ndikupeza bulauni la bulauni.
Spores yokha imawoneka ngati zoyera mzere pansi pamasamba. Osaziponya pansi.
Nthawi yamvula, chomera chodwalachi nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi kuvunda kwa masamba komanso kudetsa masamba.
Ponena za ma tubers, choipitsa mochedwa paiwo chimasiya masamba ngati imvi kapena bulauni lomwe limayamba kuuma msanga. Mkati mwake, mbatata imawoneka ngati yachita dzimbiri.
Kuopsa kobisika kwa matendawa ndi matenda opatsirana.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti bowa amapulumuka modekha nthawi yozizira m'nthaka ndikuwonjezera mbewu zatsopano mchaka.
Njira zothana ndi vuto lomwe lachedwa komanso kupewa
Kufotokozera za kupewa matendawa ndikosavuta kwambiri kuposa njira zolimbanira, popeza pali ambiri aiwo.
Ponena za kupewa, ndiye kuti chilichonse ndichosavuta.
Nawa malingaliro:
- Osabzala mbatata pafupi kwambiri.
- Dothi loti ubzale liyenera kukonzedwa bwino komanso la thanzi.
- Yesetsani kupewa malo otsika ndikubzala mbatata m'malo otetezeka - chinyezi chambiri m'mapiri ndichabwino pakufalikira kwa matendawa.
- Kuphatikiza apo, kuyatsa kuyenera kukhala kwabwino, malo opanda mthunzi ayenera kupewedwa. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pakulimbikitsa kwa malowa.
- Samalirani ngalande zabwino.
- Yesetsani nthaka mu kugwa.
- Malo pomwe mbatata idakonzedwa kuti abzalidwe ayenera kukhala chomera chatha. Monga beets, chimanga kapena fulakesi.
- Tomato, tsabola ndi biringanya zibzalidwe kutali ndi mbatata, koma radish kapena mpiru ziyenera kukhala pafupi.
Omwe alimi ndi odziwa zamaluwa amalangizidwanso kuti azisankha tubers wathanzi musanabzale, aziwotha pa kutentha kwa 15 mpaka 18 ° C kwa milungu iwiri, panja.
Kenako ayang'anireni matenda. Ngati mabala aliwonse amawoneka - ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito ma tubers.
Kuphatikiza apo, adalangizidwanso kuti musagwiritse ntchito mitundu ngati Verb, Tomich, Sante, Rosara ndi Arina. Amalimbana ndi matendawa. Ndipo mitundu Nevsky, Spring, Red Scarlet ndi Luck ndizokhazikika kwambiri.
Koma, ngakhale sizikutsimikizira kuti mbewu yanu yatetezedwa ku matenda owopsa.
Kodi kuchitira mochedwa choipitsa pa mbatata?
Zokhudza kuthana mwachindunji ndi matendawa, pali njira zingapo.
Choyamba, chachikulu chithandizo cha tubers. Mwa kuwachitira ndi potaziyamu-phosphorous, muthanso kukaniza matendawa. Gwiritsani ntchito Mlingo wa mafakitale yankho. Bzalani ma tubers kuti muchite mozama komanso bwino. Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi payipi, ndikofunika kuti musagwiritse dontho. Mukapeza chomera chomwe chakhudzidwa - chotsani pamalowo.
Ngati, komabe, sizotheka kuteteza mbewu ku choipitsitsa, ndiye kuti amathandizidwa ndi othandizirana ndi mankhwala. Koma ngakhale izi sizichiritsa mbewu.
Kuti muchite izi, mankhwala othandizira ayenera kuchitika pa siteji pomwe chomera chikufika pafupifupi 30 cm.
Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito chida "Ridomil".
Kenako kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo kuli kale pa siteji ya maluwa. Pankhaniyi, njira zinanso zagwiritsidwa kale ntchito. Akatswiri amalangiza "Epin."
Kuphatikiza apo, mbewu zomwe zimayamwa zimapoperedwa ndi mankhwala otchedwa Oxechom. Izi zimachitika pokhapokha ngati mbewu zokhazokha zomwe zitha kutenga kachilomboka. Zonunkhiritsa ziyenera kuonedwa patatha milungu iwiri mutatha kupopera.
Ngati chiwopsezo cha matenda chikutsalira, njira zolimbikira ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala amphamvu. Izi ndi monga: "Ditan", "Ephal", "Revus".
Nthawi pambuyo maluwa ziyeneranso kuchitika ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Kuti muchite izi, masiku 10 aliwonse, gwiritsani ntchito "Bravo".
Njira zina zothanirana mochedwa
Mwa njira zolimbana ndi vuto lochedwa, palinso njira zina.
Kupatula apo, sikuti aliyense amafuna kusinthira mbewu zawo ndi mankhwala oyipa.
Zithandizo zoterezi zimaphatikizapo infusions zosiyanasiyana, monga adyo kapena mahatchi.
Amagwiritsanso ntchito sopo ochapira ndi phulusa, mapiritsi a Trichopol, chisakanizo cha mkaka, ayodini ndi madzi, komanso urea ndi kompositi yophikidwa m'madzi.
Kuchulukana kwa njirazi ndizosavuta kupeza. Koma ndikwabwino kuphunzira malingaliro osiyanasiyana, popeza ndi osiyana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake. Gwiritsani ntchito zomwe mwakumana nazo posankha njira yoyenera.
Ndi zomwe mwalandira, mutha kupulumutsa mbewu zanu kuimfa ndikusangalala ndi kunyadira, kupeza zokolola zabwino komanso zochuluka.
Ndipo mabanja adzakhala othokoza kwa inu chifukwa cha chokoma, chopatsa thanzi, komanso chofunikira kwambiri - chakudya chopangira.
Tikukhulupirira kuti vuto litachedwa kudutsa mbatata zanu!
Khalani ndi zokolola zabwino !!!
