Thunbergia imagawidwa kwambiri kumadera otentha a Asia ndi Africa mu mitundu pafupifupi 200. Amatha kuzindikiridwa mosavuta ndi masamba owoneka modekha owoneka bwino komanso maluwa okongola ooneka ngati oboola pakati.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Wopangidwa m'minda, mitundu ya mbewuyi imagawidwa kukhala shrubby ndikukwera. Gulu lachiwiri limaphatikizaponso mapiko a tunbergia (tunberia wakuda) waku South Africa, yemwe amatchedwa kuti Suzanne wamaso akuda. "
Liana ili limafikira mita 2, lili ndi masamba owoneka ngati mtima pansi. Masamba ofikira mpaka 10 masentimita osakhwima m'mphepete ndi maluwa okongola achikasu masentimita atatu okhala ndi malo amtundu wa bulauni pakatikati. Maluwa ataliatali amayamba kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena koyambilira kwa nyengo.
Tunbergia Susie imayimira mtundu wa maluwa osiyanasiyana:
- Susie weeb mit aug - ndi maluwa oyera,
- Suzy Orange mit Aug - malalanje owala
- Susie Gelb mit Aug - chikasu.
Tunbergia wokhala ndi maluwa akulu (iye - grandiflora tunbergia) ndi mpesa wamphamvu womwe umakula m'dera la India, womwe umakhala ndi chotupa chambiri m'mphepete mwa masamba owoneka bwino obiriwira mpaka 20 cm. Mitundu yocheperako ya maluwa a mtundu wake imakhala yotalika mpaka 8 cm, mtundu wa buluu kapena wofiirira komanso malo oyera pakhosi.
Mitundu ya Shrub chilili, tsinde losazolowereka lomwe silidutsa 2 metres.
Gulu Thunderberg chovala cha mfumu imawoneka ndi masamba otanthauza Maluwa amapitilira chaka chonse.
Thunbergia kubzala kunja ndi chisamaliro
Kutambasuka kwa tunbergia poyera kumachitika pambuyo pa kasupe womaliza wa masika pamtunda wamtunda wa 30-45 cm.
Musanayambe ntchito yodzala, muyenera kusamalira kukhazikitsa chingwe chathandizo kapena chingwe cha chomeracho - liana tunbergia imakwawa kumtunda kapena m'mbali (ndi mawonekedwe a shrubby, njirayi siifunikanso). Mukamatera, muyenera kuthilira malowa.
Ruelia kapena dipteracanthus ndi nthumwi ya banja la Acanthus, yemwe amakula makamaka akachoka kunyumba. Malangizo pakuyang'anira ndikusamalira chomera ichi chitha kupezeka m'nkhaniyi.
Kuthirira Tunbergia
Kuthirira mbewu kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo, ndikuwonjezereka kwa profuse koyambirira kwa maluwa. Kupanda kutero, sikuti maluwa okha amatha kuchotsedwa, komanso masamba. M'nyengo yotentha, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumalimbikitsidwa.
Mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa chinyezi cha tunbergia amauona kuti dothi limangoyala pang'ono panthaka, kwinaku ndikunyowa. Ngati mukulongeza ndi madzi, kuwola kwa mizu ndikotheka.
Pulogalamu yoyamba ya Tunbergia
Zofunikira zadothi ndizokwanira. Ziyenera kukhala zatsopano, zosaposa zouma pang'ono, zofunikira, zokhala ndi mandimu ndi zophatikiza zopatsa thanzi, zodzazidwa bwino ndi chinyezi ndikuzipatsanso.
Kusakaniza komwe kumakhala mchenga wofanana, peat, humus, turf ndi tsamba lamasamba odzaza ndi mawonekedwe oyenera. Nthawi zina makungwa a paini kapena magawo a kokonati amawazidulira m'nthaka (osapitirira theka la ndowa).
Kupatsira kwa Tunbergia
Kuyika kwa Tunbergia kumachitika bwino mu theka lachiwiri la Meyi. Njirayi imagwira ntchito makamaka pakukakamiza m'nyumba, popeza m'nthaka yathu momwe zimakhalira nthawi yomweyo chomera chimangokhala chaka chimodzi chokha. Komabe, malangizo omwe aperekedwa pambuyo pake m'nkhaniyi amalola kuti izisungidwe nthawi yozizira, chifukwa choti kuziika sizingakhale ntchito zopanda ntchito.
Mphikawo umafunika kuti utengeredwe kwakukulu komanso mulifupi. Kusakaniza kwadothi, kofotokozedwapo koyambirira kapena kukonzeka kuchokera ku malo ogulitsa maluwa, ndikoyenera. Pansi pa mphikawo, ndikofunikira kukonzekeretsa ngalande pogwiritsa ntchito dongo kapena miyala yachilengedwe. Mutabzala, mmera umafunika kuthirira.
Ngakhale kuti nkotheka kukula turgia ngati osatha, anthu ambiri olima masamba chaka chilichonse amataya masamba ochizira chifukwa nyengo yozizira komanso maluwa ambiri, chomera chimataya mphamvu ndipo chaka chamawa sichingakondwere ndi kuwala ndi mawonekedwe. Ngakhale zili choncho, tunberia imakwanira bwino kukongoletsa ndi mabasiketi opachikika, ndipo zojambula zapamwamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga nyumba zobiriwira.
Feteleza ku Tunbergia
Feteleza sangasokoneze chomera. Kuthira mchere wophatikiza maluwa kuyenera kukhala kosakanizika ndi dothi 2 m'masiku 30 kuyambira pachiyambidwe cha maluwa oyamba pakati pa Okutobala.
Kudulira kwa Tunberg
Kukongola ndi kupyapyala korona kumatsimikizika ndi kutsina tating'ono. Kudulira kwam'mera kwa mphukira zazitali kumachitika kuti zisaonekere ndipo, kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe a mbewu.
Tunbergia nthawi yachisanu
Tunbergia sipulumuka nthawi yozizira mwanjira iliyonse, chifukwa chake imakulidwa poyera komanso kutayidwa munthawi yophukira. Kukula nthawi yachisanu pankhaniyi ndizotheka pokhapokha ngati tsinde lonse litakonzedwa mpaka masamba 4-5 nyengo isanadye, zigawo zimathandizidwa ndi njira ya potaziyamu permanganate, ndipo mbewuzo zimasunthidwa kupita kunyumba kwawo (ziyenera kuyikidwa m'malo ozizira ndi kutentha kosaposa 15 ℃ mpaka masika). Kunyumba, muyenera kuthilira nthaka panthaka mumphika, kuiletsa kuti isume, koma osatinso.
Kulima mbewu za Thunbergia
Kufalitsa kwa tunbergia ndi njere zimachitika pofesa m'mabokosi mu February ndikuyamba kutsamira posimba mutabzala pamunda.
Kumera kwa mbeu kumatenga zaka zosaposa ziwiri. Monga mwachizolowezi, chomera chodzala chimayamba kutulutsa pakatha masiku 100 patapita nthawi yocheperako.
Kufalikira kwa Thunbergia podulidwa
Pofalikira kwa tunbergia ndi zodula, ndikofunikira mkatikati mwa Ogasiti kuti muzidula masamba obiriwira 8-10 cm. Gawo lililonse limakonzedwa mu ma phytohormones, kuthandiza Suzanne wamaso akuda kuzolowera chilengedwe.
Zitatha izi, zimayikidwa mumiphika ndi dothi lonyowa pang'ono (kuthirira tsiku lisanabzalidwe) ndikuphimbidwa ndi matumba apulasitiki kapena matumba. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusungidwa zodulidwa pamtunda wa 20-22 ℃, ndipo nyengo yachisanu muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti madigiri otsika - pafupifupi 10-12 ℃.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Tizilombo totsutsa tosavuta kwambiri ta nkhupakupa. Kukhalapo kwawo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mtundu womwe wasintha wa masamba, omwe amakhala owoneka ngati siliva, komanso ma punctits pamavundidwe a tsamba ndi fumbi loyera loyera, lofanana ndi dandruff, lomwe limawonekera kwambiri kumunsi kwa tsamba.
Choyambitsa chachikulu cha zotupa ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri. Ngati mbewu idakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuukiridwa, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi acaricides monga actellic ndi fufan.
Kuphatikiza nkhupakupa, ndizowopsa kwa tunbergia zishango, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zovala zoyera. Kuchiza ndi madzi a soapy kapena ma insecticides kanayi ndi kutalika kwa masiku 7-10 kumadziwika kuti ndi njira yabwino yoletsera komanso kupewa. Mwambiri, tunbergia ndi chomera cholimbana ndi tizirombo / matenda motsatira malamulo a chisamaliro, makamaka kuthirira.
