Zomera zamtundu pachyphytum (Pachyphytum) ndi wa banja la Crassulaceae (Crassulaceae). Ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 10 ya mitengo yabwino yomwe imapezeka kumadera osiyanasiyana ku Mexico. Zodziwika bwino mwa mbewu zotere ndi zipatso, masamba okhuthala omwe ali ofanana kukula ndi mawonekedwe azipatso zamphete zokhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba, ojambulidwa ndi utoto wonyezimira komanso wamtambo wokhala ndi loyera pamwamba. Chifukwa cha masamba ake, mtunduwu udatchedwa pachyphytum, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti "matalala akulu" m'Chigiriki.
Zomera zotere ndizabwino. Chifukwa chake, kuwombera kapena kugona malo mphukira sikuti kumatenga nthawi yayitali kupitirira 30 sentimita. Siyanitsani ma infode afupipafupi. Masamba amakula mozungulira, pomwe amakongoleredwa kwambiri, zitha kuoneka kuti amatengedwa ngati ma whorls. Zoyenda bwino komanso zazitali kwambiri pamtunda wamaluwa zimawonekera kuchokera kumayendedwe apical. Amakhala ndi timaluwa tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono, tokhala ngati kakhanda, kamene kamakhala ndi maluwa ocheperako a 5-petal drooping belter. Zitha kupaka utoto wapinki, zoyera kapena zofiira. Zisindikizo komanso timapepala tadzitukumula, ndipo pamwamba pawo pali zokutira sera. Kucha mbewu kumachitika m'matumba ang'onoang'ono.
Kusamalira Pachyphytum kunyumba
Wopatsa chidwi chotere amatha kukulitsa olima odziwa komanso novice, chifukwa sizosiyana ndi whimsicality.
Kuwala
Ichi ndi chomera chowoneka bwino chomwe chimafuna kuunikira kowala, koma chikuyenera kusinthidwa kuchokera ku kuwala koyipitsa kwadzuwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyiyika pazenera lakumadzulo kapena kummawa. Mutha kuyiyika pazenera lakumpoto, koma nthawi yomweyo muyenera kukonzekera kuti mtundu wamasamba ukhale wopendekera, ndikukula kwake kudzachepa. Komabe, maluwa atha kukhalanso osakhalapo.
Mitundu yotentha
M'chilimwe, pachyphytum nthawi zambiri amakula ndikuyamba kutentha madigiri 20 mpaka 26. Amalekerera kuti kukhale kosakhalitsa kwa kutentha kwa mpweya. Koma poona kuti chipindacho chatentha kwa nthawi yayitali, muyenera kukonza mpweya wokwanira, komanso kutchinjiriza mbewuyo ku dzuwa. M'nyengo yotentha, pachyphytum ndikulimbikitsidwa kutengedwa kupita kumlengalenga (m'munda, pakhonde).
M'nyengo yozizira, amakhala ndi nyengo yopanda matalala, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, chomera chimayenera kukonzedwanso m'malo otentha (pafupifupi madigiri 16). Komabe, onetsetsani kuti kutentha kwa chipindacho sikungotsika madigiri 10, mwanjira ina duwa lingathe kuzimiririka.
Momwe mungamwere
Zomera zoterezi zimalekerera chilala modekha, monga madzi amadzaza m'masamba ake. Pankhaniyi, iyenera kuthiriridwa mosamala kwambiri ndipo chifukwa chake ndikofunika kulabadira momwe dothi lili mumphika. Dothi likauma mpaka 1/3 lakuya, kuthirira ndikofunikira. Madzi osefukira amakhala ndi vuto lalikulu pa duwa, chifukwa kuvunda kumatha kupanga osati pamizu, komanso m'mapepala okhala ndi chinyezi.
Chinyezi
Pachyphytum mwakachetechete amatanthauza kouma kanyumba kamatawuni ndipo sikutanthauza chinyezi chowonjezera. Nthawi yomweyo, akatswiri salimbikitsa kuti mumusambitsire pazifukwa ziwiri, monga: mutha kuwononga mwangozi masamba obiriwira kapena sera wokutira. Ndipo izi zimapangitsa kutsika kukongoletsa.
Kusakaniza kwadothi
Nthaka yoyenera iyenera kukhala yotsirizika, yosasunthika, yopanda mbali kapena acidic pang'ono. Kuti mukonzekere kusakaniza dothi, muyenera kuphatikiza dothi lomwe linagulidwa kuti muthane ndi cacti ndi miyala yaying'ono ndi mchenga wowuma, womwe uyenera kutengedwa ndi chiyerekezo cha 3: 1: 1.
Feteleza
Zomera zimafunika kuthira feteleza pokhapokha ngati zikukula kwambiri, kapena, kuyambira pakati pa kasupe mpaka pakati pa nthawi yophukira. Nthawi yomweyo, kwa nthawi yonseyi ndikofunikira kuthira feteleza wocheperako wa nayitrogeni m'nthaka katatu kapena kanayi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapadera wothandizila ndi cacti.
Njira zofalitsira
Nthawi zambiri zimafalitsidwa ndi kudulidwa. Kuti muchite izi, dulani gawo la tsinde la apical, kutalika kwake komwe kumayenera kukhala kosiyanasiyana mpaka masentimita 5 mpaka 7. Amadula zouma panja kwa masiku 1-2, kenako ndikabzyala m'nthaka, pomwe gawo lokhalo ndi loyenera kuzikika. Kuti chogwiriracho chikhale chokhazikika, ndikofunikira kuti chimangirirani.
Kuti mudule muzu, muyenera kuthirira madzi moyenera. Kudana kwamadzi ndi kuyanika kwa nthaka chifukwa chovunda sayenera kuloledwa. Akatswiri amalangizira kuti asathirire gawo louma, koma kuti lizipukutira ndi sprayer. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ndizosatheka kuphimba tsinde ndi "chipewa" chilichonse, chifukwa chakuwonjezeka kwa chinyezi cha mpweya, muvunde mwachangu.
Momwemonso, kuzika kwa masamba odulidwa kumachitika.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Chomera sichigonjetsedwa ndi matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Vuto lomwe limapezeka kwambiri ndikuthamanga kwamadzi m'nthaka, kuthirira kwambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri. Zonsezi zimathandizira pakupanga mizu, tsamba ndi tsinde zowola.
Mitundu yayikulu
Pachyphytum oviparous (Pachyphytum oviferum)
Amatchedwanso "mwala wamwala" - uwu ndi mtundu wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri alimi. Mphukira imatha kutalika masentimita 20, ndipo m'lifupi mwake 1 sentimita. Pansi panthambi paliwululidwa ndipo pamakhala zipsera pazomwe zimasiyidwa masamba. Masamba amtundu wabuluu wokhala ndi mtundu wa pinki amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a obovate. Kutalika kwake amafikira masentimita 5, mulifupi - masentimita atatu, ndipo amakhala ndi makulidwe ofanana ndi 1.5 cm. Zomera zimatulutsa mu Julayi-Sepemba. Kutalika kwa Peduncle ndi 20 cm. Mtundu wooneka ngati ma spike umakhala wobiriwira ndi maluwa oyera opindika. Kutulutsa kwawo kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, pomwe kumayamba kuchokera pansi pa inflorescence. Masamba ndi oyera oyera.
Pachyphytum bract (Pachyphytum bracteosum)
Ndiwotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Kutalika kwa mphukira kumatha kupitirira masentimita 30, pomwe m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita awiri okha. Mapepala okhala ndi zithunzi zabwino kwambiri kuposa momwe adawonera kale. Amangokhala pamwamba pa mphukira, ndipo ndizomwe, chifukwa patapita nthawi masamba akulu amawonongeka. Masamba amafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 10, m'lifupi mwake masentimita 5 ndipo ali ndi kukula kwa sentimita. Masamba ali ndi utoto woyera siliva, ndipo pamtengapo pali sera wokumira wolimba, yemwe amatulutsa pinki pang'ono pakuwala. Maluwa amawonedwa mu Ogasiti-Novembala. Peduncle kutalika kumafika masentimita 40. Maluwa ali ndi mtundu wofiira.
Pachyphytum compactum (Pachyphytum compactum)
Chomera chaching'ono ichi chimawoneka bwino kwambiri pamitundu yonse. Mphukira zake m'litali sizifikira masentimita 10. Masamba obovate ali ndi mfundo pamalangizo awo. Kutalika kwake kumatha kufika masentimita 4, pomwe m'lifupi ndi makulidwe ake ndi ofanana - 1 sentimita. Pepala ladzalalo limapaka utoto wakuda, ndipo pamakhala timitengo tofiirira tofiira tambiri pamwamba pake, chifukwa momwe mawonekedwe a mabo amayonekera. Kunja, ali ofanana ndi impso wamkulu. Mbali yonse ya mphukirayo idakutidwa ndi masamba. Zokhaza zokhazo zakale zomwe zimakhala zomata. Pakatikati, masentimita okwanira bwino amakula, mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 40. Pachidutswa chilichonse chamtundu wamtundu wamaluwa pamatha kukhala maluwa atatu ofiira amtundu wa lalanje, pomwe ma nsonga amtunduwu ndi onyezimira. Zisindikizo zopaka utoto wapinki kapena wobiriwira. Zimachitika kuti ndi masamba akale masamba malangizowo amakhala ofiira.
