Timabzala patsamba lathu chitsamba chamaluwa

China imadziwika kuti kwawo ndi a Pam, koma achi Japan ndiwo anali oyamba kuchita nawo ntchitoyi. Adapita naye kudera la Far East. Kunali kuno, ku Sakhalin, asayansi aku Russia omwe adachita kusankhidwa kwa chitsambachi. Masiku ano, chikhalidwe chafalikira ku Russia.

Kufotokozera Mwachidule

Malinga ndi gulu la zamabotolo, Pam (goof multiflorum) ndi wa banja la Lochovye ndipo ndi wachibale wa nyanja yam'madzi. Mtengowo umapanga chitsamba champhamvu, chokhala ndi nthambi zophukira komanso zopindika. Imafika kutalika kwa 1.5-2 metres. Pamaluwa, tchire limakutidwa ndi maluwa ambiri onunkhira ndipo limatha kuchita ntchito yokongoletsa.

Maluwa a sucker multiflorum amapezeka kumapeto kwa Meyi. Miyezi 1.5 atachotseredwa m'mimba, zipatso za Ank - zovunda zazing'onoting'ono zimacha. Mchigawo chachilengedwenso, amakhala ndi khungu lofiira ndi madontho owala ndipo amatha kupitilira chitsamba mpaka chisanu osataya. Pulogalamu yowoneka bwino komanso yowoneka bwino imakhala ndi wowawasa wokoma ndi kuwala kwa nyenyezi.

Kummawa, zipatso za Kand zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira kalekale mankhwala achikhalidwe cha anthu. Ku Russia, nthawi zambiri amakhala owuma kapena wowuma ndipo nthawi yozizira amapita kuma compotes. Amawonjezeranso kupanikizana ndi ma jams, sosi, jams.

Chifukwa chake, woyamwa wokhala ndi maluwa ambiri amatha kuchita zingapo pamalowo:

kukongoletsa;
chomera cha uchi;
banja.

M'madera okhala ndi nyengo yotentha, chitsamba ichi chimatha kuwonetsa mawonekedwe a chomera chobiriwira nthawi zonse, chimakongoletsa chaka chonse.

Mabakiteriya okhala ndi nitrogen-akukonzekera mofunitsitsa kumera kwa mizu ya multiflora. Chifukwa chake, kudzala chomerachi kumathandizira kukonza nthaka pamalowo.

Zinthu zikukula

Chitsamba cha Pam sichimatulutsa ndipo chimazika mizu mu nyengo ya Russia, koma pofuna kulima bwino, zinthu zofunika zimafunikira:

Kulimbikitsa kwabwino. Mtengowo umatha kulolera mthunzi, koma zipatso zabwino zimawonedwa pokha pobzala pamalo pomwe pali dzuwa.
Dothi lopepuka koma lamadzi ambiri. Mizu ya shrub imabisala kwambiri kumtunda kwa dothi. Pamadothi olemera, kumakhala konyowa komanso kouma pamchenga. Chifukwa chake, mitengo yobzala kapena yamchenga ndimakonda kubzala.
Kuchulukitsa. Maluwa a woyamwa ndi opangika, ndipo chikhalidwecho chimatha kudzipenda. Koma kupukutidwa pamtanda kumachulukitsa zokolola, ndikuti kubzala munthawi yomweyo kwa mbewu 2-3 ndikofunikira.

Muzochitika zabwino, zipatso za zipatso ndi 8-9 makilogalamu pachitsamba chilichonse.

Kuchita kumawonetsa kuti sucker yozizira bwino pakati pa msewu wapakati. Koma Kand ndi chomera chokhala ndi chisanu chochepa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yozizira kwambiri mphukira zake zimatha kuzizira. Chifukwa chake, alimi a Siberia kapena madera akumpoto ayenera kupereka malo awo okhala ndi malo achitetezo.

Kuti muzitha nyengo yabwino yozizira, mphukira zam'madzi zamiyeso zambiri zitha kupindika pansi, ndipo chitsamba chimakutidwa ndi zigawo ziwiri za spunbond ndi density ya 60 g / m².

Mitundu ya Gumi: mawonekedwe ndi zithunzi

Mitundu ya Gumi idayamba kulembedwa ndi State Record of Kukula Zinthu mu 1999. Mpaka pano, mindandanda yazomera zovomerezeka kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pagawo la Russia zikuphatikiza zinthu 9:

Sakhalin woyamba. Zipatso za zipatso zoyambirira kucha ndizopanga dzira, zofiira pamtundu, ndi zolemera zake 1.4 g. Kukoma kwa chipatso ndikosangalatsa, kotsitsimula, ndi acidity, kutalika kwake pakulawa ndi mfundo zinayi. Imakhala ndi kukana bwino kumatenda, sikuwonongeka ndi tizirombo.
Moneron. Kufunika kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kumachulukana ndi chisanu ndi zipatso zabwino. Zipatso zimacha pakatikati. Amakhala ndi 1.5 mg ndi shuga wambiri mumkamwa. Kuyesa pa kulawa - 4 mfundo. Zoyipa - kukana kwapakati pa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Thais. Mitundu yotsekemera yoyambirira, yokhala ndi ma spikes okha pazomera zakale zomwe zimakhala m'munsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kusamalira chomera ndikugwedezeka nthawi yachisanu. Kukaniza chisanu kukuchulukirachulukira, kumatenda ndi tizirombo - pafupifupi. Zipatso zing'onozing'ono zimakhala ndi kulemera kwapakati pa 1.2 g, kukoma kwake ndi kowawasa, kotetemera. Muyezo pa kulawa ndi mfundo za 4.5.
Krillon. Zabwino koposa zonse ndizoyenera kuzizira. Mabulosi a Gumi amtunduwu ndi ofiira owoneka ofiira, osalala komanso otsekemera. Kuyesa pa kulawa - 5 mfundo. Hardiness yozizira ndiyokwera, zomwe zimatipangitsa kuti tizipangira Krillon kuti ikalimidwe kumadera onse aku Russia.
Shikotan. Mitundu yakucha yakucha ya multiflora yokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu (pafupifupi 2.1 g). Shuga wambiri zipatso amapangitsa kuti azikhala wokoma. Panthawi yolawa, bomalo lidatamanda kukoma kwa zipatso za Shikotan - 5 point. Kuuma kwa chomera cham'mera nthawi yachilimwe ndikwabwino, koma nthawi zina matenda a fungus amawonedwa.
Kumwera. Zosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso zazikulu za cylindrical (pafupifupi - 2.3 g iliyonse). Khungu ndi lofiyira, lonyezimira, zipatso zomwezake ndizowonda kwambiri, kukoma kokoma, kosangalatsa kwa astringency, zidayesedwa pakulawa kwa mfundo zisanu. Zomera zolimba yozizira ndi sing'anga wokolola. Kukaniza bowa ndi tizirombo ndi pakati.
Kunashir. Mitundu yakucha-kwakacha imadziwika ndi zipatso zapamwamba kwambiri. Zipatsozo ndizopanda khungu, pafupifupi 2.2 g iliyonse. Kugwiritsa ntchito zamkati ndi kowutsa mudyo, ndi shuga wambiri, tart. Kuyesa pa kulawa - 5 mfundo. Mbewuyi ndi yolimba, yosagwira chisanu, komanso chitetezo chokwanira ku matenda ndi tizirombo.
Tsunai Mitundu ya Mid-season yokhala ndi mphukira zolimba. Amapanga chitsamba cha kutalika kwapakatikati. Zipatsozo zimakhala zazing'ono (1.9 g), zokhala ndi khungu lowonda. Kukoma kwa zamkati ndi wowawasa, juiciness ndiwambiri, muyeso pa kulawa ndi 5 mfundo. Kuuma kwa nyengo yozizira ndi kusatetezeka kwa bowa pamlingo wambiri, mbewuyo simawonongeka ndi tizirombo.
Paramushir. Mitundu yocheperako kwambiri ya Yam, 2016. Tchire lolimba ndi kupsa mochedwa komanso zipatso zolemera 1.8 g. Thupi lophimbidwa ndi khungu loonda, lokhathamira, lonunkhira bwino komanso lokoma. Kuyesa pa kulawa - 5 mfundo. Cholinga Paramushira konsekonse. Hardiness yozizira ili pamlingo wambiri, zomwe zimatipangitsa kuti tilingalire chomera cha zigawo zonse za Russia. Kusateteza kumatenda ndi tizirombo ndi chabwino.

Mukamasankha zosiyanasiyana, ndikofunikira kuganizira mawonekedwe amalo anu. Ngati ili m'dera lomwe lili ndi chisanu, nyengo yofotokozera iyenera kukhala yozizira. Kuti mukulidwe mu nyengo yofewa koma yamvula, kukana kwa chomera matenda oyamba ndi fungus ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Kutenga ndi kusamalira

Pakati pa Russia ndi madera ozizira kwambiri, mbande za Ank zimaphuka bwino nthawi yobzala. Kummwera, ndikwabwino kukhazikitsanso mwayi wopeza ndi kubzala mpaka kugwa, kuti dzuwa lotentha lisapume chomera chokhacho chisanakhazikitse mizu yabwino.

Tikuchera ikuchitika mu pre-okonzekeratu ikamatera dzenje. Mitundu yake imatengera kukula kwa mizu ya mmera. Kukula kwapakatikati ndi 0.5 m, m'mimba mwake ndi 0,8-1 m. Kuyika mwatsatane-tsatane kwa Pam kumawoneka motere:

wosanjikiza amaikidwa pansi pa dzenje - dongo lokakulitsidwa kapena njerwa yoponderezedwa;
mumtsuko wina, zosakaniza zachonde zimakonzedwa kuchokera kumunda wamaluwa, kompositi ndi mchenga wowuma;
200 g ya superphosphate ndi 600 g ya phulusa la mitengo pa chitsamba chilichonse amawonjezeranso dothi losakaniza;
gawo la dothi losakanizirana limathiridwa pansi pa dzenje ndi knoll;
mmera umavundukulidwa pamwamba pake mpaka kuti khosi la mizu likhale pamtunda wa nthaka;
Mizu ya mmera wa Pam imafalikira pamalo otsetsereka a chitunda ndipo imakutidwa ndi zosakaniza zina zonse za nthaka;
kuthirira yambiri ndi kuyimitsa pansi pa thunthu mozungulira kumachitika.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mutabzala, mmera umayenera kusinthidwa kuchokera ku dzuwa lowala ndikuwunika chinyontho m'nthaka.

Mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotsekedwa imasamutsira ku dzenje lobzala limodzi ndi mtanda.

Kusamaliranso kwa mmera wa Pam kumakhala kuthirira nthawi zonse, kuchotsa udzu ndi kupewa matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Mavalidwe apamwamba amayamba chaka chamawa:

kuvala pamwamba masika - 8 makilogalamu a kompositi, 30 g a superphosphate owirikiza ndi 150 g la phulusa pansi pa chitsamba;
kuvala kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa chilimwe - kuthirira ndi mphamvu yothira mankhwala 1 nthawi ziwiri masabata awiri;
kuvala pamwamba yophukira - 40 g ya kalimagnesia pa 1 mita² bwalo.

Kulima bwino kwa Ank kumafunanso kudulira chitsamba nthawi zonse. Zomera zouma komanso zodwala zimachotsedwa m'dzinja, mu April - nthambi zouma zimafupikitsidwa kuti nkhuni zathanzi. Kuyambira chaka cha 10 cha moyo, tchire limafunikira kudulira. Kuti muchite izi, mitengo ikuluikulu yakale imadulidwa, ina yonse imadulidwa kukafika gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika.