Ferns amadziwika kuti ndi zomera zachilendo. Nthano zambiri ndi zikhulupiriro zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi iwo. Koma chodabwitsa kwambiri pakati pa onse ndi cholembera chachikazi. Dzinali limachokera ku Old Slavonic "kochedyga" - muzu wozaza, wosakhazikika. Ndipo ali ndi cochlein wachikazi yemwe ali ndi dzina: mfiti! Mothandizidwa ndi muzuwu nthawi zamakedzana kunkachitika chiwembu chamitundu mitundu, chikondi chamabavu, maula.
Zimakhulupirira kuti mzimu umakhala mwa iye. Osatinso wamba, munthu, koma ali ndi kuthekera kopatsa mphatso zamtundu uliwonse kwa omwe amakonda. Chifukwa chake, panali nthano yomwe mungaphunzire kuzindikira zitsamba zonse zamankhwala, ngati pa mwezi wathunthu pa usiku wapadera, khalani pafupi ndi cholembera chachikazi chomwe chimamera m'nkhalango, chophimba mutu ndi nkhope ndi nsalu. Mowonekeratu ndiye kuti zitsamba zonse zimadutsa pamaso, kunena za mphamvu zawo zakuchiritsa, ndipo chidziwitso ichi chidzayikidwako m'chikumbukiro cha anthu.
Femod coder (Athyrium filix-femina) ndiofala kwambiri pamtundu wake, pakati pa mitundu yopitilira 200 yamakhola.
Chithokomiro chachikazi komanso chithokomiro chachimuna: Kodi ali pafupi bwanji pachibale?
Chithunzi chachikazi cha Kochedzhizhn
Nthawi zambiri mumatha kumamva momwe anthu akale amatchulira chomera ichi: fern wamkazi. Ndipo amatchulanso mtundu wina wa fern wamwamuna. M'malo mwake, sitikulankhula za chimodzimodzinso chachimuna ndi chachimodzimodzi, koma za zosiyana zosiyana, zokhudzana ndi izi: wamkazi staghorn (Athyrium filix-femina) ndi chithokomiro chachimuna (Dryopteris filix-mas). Chisokonezo chidachokera ku Roma wakale, komwe ma fern amatchedwa, monga momwe anthu a m'mudzimo amanenera. Mawu oyamba m'm mayina awo Achilatini adapezeka pambuyo pake.
Mwa njira, mbewu zomwe zimaberekanso spores nthawi zambiri sizingagawidwe pakati pa amuna ndi akazi.
Kusiyana kwakunja: chithokomiro chachimuna chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri kuposa chikhodzodzo chachikazi, choyamba chimakhala ndi mphukira zokulirapo komanso chopanda mawonekedwe komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Koma wophatikiza wamkazi amawoneka wowoneka bwino kwambiri, wochepetsetsa, ndi wokwera pang'ono (amakula mpaka 1 mita), masamba ndi okulirapo. Nthawi zambiri m'nkhalango amakulira limodzi, munkhalango imodzi.
Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kumitundu yosanja yolima:
Chithunzi cha Kochedzhizhnik Nippon Red Beauty Athyrium nipponicum Red Kukongola chithunzi
- K. tawuni-ngati (Athyrium crenatum) - yokhala ndi mpweya wautali wokuluka;
- K. town-serrate (Athyrium crenulato-serrulatum) - mpaka masentimita 45-85;
- K. alpine, tsamba lotambasulidwa mwanjira ina (Athyrium distolateolium) - chizungulire chosadziwika: lalifupi, lofiirira, lalitali 90 cm;
- K. wideleaf (Athyrium dilatatum) - wobadwira ku Australia, wobiriwira nthawi zonse, mpaka 150 cm.
- K. winged (Athyrium pterorachis) - kumtunda kwa masamba ake ena owoneka bwino amatikumbutsa mapiko a mbalame;
- K. Chitchaina, kapena miyendo yofiyira (Athyrium rubripes) - yokhala ndi masamba odabwitsa, masamba a pinki, ofiira, otchedwa totacotta kapena a lilac;
- K. yokosuksky (Athyrium yokoscense) - mwachilengedwe, imakula pafupi ndi mars, chifukwa chake, mchikhalidwe chake, mumakonda dothi louma.
- K. olembedwa (Athyrium acrostichoides) - wopepuka wa fern;
- K. Siberian (Athyrium crenatum) - mpaka kutalika kwa mita, wokhala ndi masamba opangidwa ndi diamondi.
Tikufika
- Mutha kubzala cholembera poyera m'dzinja ndi masika. Kutentha kwambiri kwa dothi sikotsika kuposa 15 ° C.
- Chapakatikati iwo amabzala kuyambira m'ma Meyi, m'dzinja - mu Seputembala, chisanu chisanayambe.
- Konzani bowo pafupi fosholo ya bayonet kuya, mpaka 30-45 cm. Onetsetsani kuti ndi lalikulu mokwanira kuti mizu ili yowongoka bwino.
- Onetsetsani kuti malo okula mutabzala sanayikidwe, okwanira amatha kukhala 1cm, pokhapokha chifukwa nthaka idzakhala nthawi yayitali.
- Madzi mosamala pansi pa muzu kuti anyowetse pansi bwino, koma osasefukira. Kenako ikani pamwamba pa dzenje ndi udzu wouma kapena masamba kuti apange zinthu zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake chinyezi chimakhala chitalitali munthaka, kapangidwe ka zilembozo zikufanana ndi "mbadwa" yochokera kunkhalango.
Kuwala
Coed skier Ursulas athyrium ursulas ojambulidwa
Padzuwa lotseguka, mbewu imawoneka yoponderezedwa, imakulira pang'ono, nsonga za wai zitha kuzima. Monga ma fern onse, nyama zosamukasamuka zimakonda kukula pamthunzi komanso pang'ono. Yoyamba ndi yabwino kwa iwo, mu openwork penumbra, ndibwino kubzala mitundu ndi mitundu yomwe ili ndi mitundu yosalala.
Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yochititsa chidwi ya Red Beauty nippon nippon (Athyrium niponicum) imakhala ndi mitsempha pamtundu wa beet maroon, ndipo mtundu wamasamba amasintha kuchokera ku beige-siliva (pansi) kukhala wobiriwira (mpaka kumapeto). Ndikwabwino kuti mumusiye kumbali yakum'mawa kwa nyumbayo. Kotero kuti kwakanthawi pang'ono kuwala kwa dzuwa kumagwera kumbuyo ndipo masamba amawoneka owonjezereka.
Dothi
Chithunzi cha Piccoe skimmer athyrium piktum
Mwachilengedwe, ma fern amakula m'nthaka lonyowa. Chifukwa chake, muchikhalidwe ndikofunikira kuti apange mikhalidwe yofananira kwa iwo. Zingakhale bwino ngati simuli aulesi kwambiri, ndikubweretsa nthaka yamtchire, kukumba pafupi ndi nkhanu zomwe zimamera m'chilengedwe. Uwu ungakhale njira yabwino.
Zomera (manyowa, mwachitsanzo) zitha kulimbikitsidwa ndi dzenje lakufikira mukadzala kabichi pamalopo.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ma nomads sangathe kulekerera dothi. Zouma nthawi yozizira, nthawi yophukira pakati paudzu, izi zimatha kuonekanso. Chifukwa chake, dothi lozungulira mozungulira liyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse ndikuchotsa udzu, ndipo sizingachitike kuti mwamphamvu pokolola madera oyandikira abzalidwe pafupi: saxifrage, periwinkle, etc.
Kutsirira ndikofunikira kwambiri!
Japan coed skier athyrium Chijapani chojambulidwa
Ferns ndi mbewu za hygrophilous ndipo zimafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino. Kumbukirani izi. Kupanda kutero, mukakumbukira mwadzidzidzi chiweto chanu chobiriwira, mutha kuwona m'malo ake akale okhaokha. Zachidziwikire, ngati chisamaliro choyenera, mbewuyo imatha kuchira, koma kupsinjika kosafunikira sikungamupindulitse - ndizachidziwikire.
Musaiwale kuti mulch dothi "pamapazi" a wopangayo. Mwachitsanzo, kompositi, kudula udzu, kapena ngakhale dimba wamba. Izi zikuthandizira kuti pakhale chinyontho chomwe chimathandiza kwambiri mbewu!
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kochedzhizhnik Nippon Metallicum Athyrium niponicum Metallicum
Popeza ma fern amakula m'nkhalango pa dothi lokhazikika bwino, umuna womwewo udzakondedwa m'mundamo. Mutha kuthira feteleza ovuta a mchere wambiri nthawi 1-2 pachaka, kuwabereka mogwirizana ndi malangizo omwe aphatikizidwa ndi mankhwalawa. Pa kukula kwa masamba, feteleza wokhala ndi prerogeninance wa nayitrogeni amafunika kuyambira kumapeto kwa Julayi, mchere wovuta popanga zinthu zazikulu umafunika.
Zindikirani
- M'mbuyomu, ma fern ena adalembedwanso ngati mafupa amisala, omwe adasiyanitsidwa kukhala osiyana genera Diopteris ndi Asplenium.
- Pamalo okhazikika olimidwa, ndikofunikira kuti oyenda pamadzi aziteteza ku mphepo zomwe zikuwomba.
- Monga lamulo, osenda mosunthika amayamba kukangana pachaka cha 15-20 cha moyo. Chomera chimodzi chimatha kupanga 75,000 mpaka 1 miliyoni spores.
- Mwachilengedwe, m'malo amodzi, skier wosilira wakhala ukukula kwa zaka zopitilira 10.
- Kochevizhnik amangokonda slugs. Amadzisonkhanitsa pamanja, kuwaikira misampha kenako ndikuchotsa ndikuwonongeka. Mutha kuteteza kubzala kwa ferns mwakuwachitira mankhwala a prophylaxis ndi irondehyde.
Kuswana
Wiggler Victoria athyrium Victoria
Mikangano. Mitundu yambiri yoyendayenda, kuphatikiza ya K. yachikazi, imafalikira mosavuta ndi spores. Nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi mbewu zachikulire, mumatha kuwona zazing'ono, zomwe zimamera kuchokera pakudzipanga nokha. Mutha kudziyesa nokha, kuyembekezera nthawi yosintha kwa chomera. Spores amasungidwa mu pinki yankho la potaziyamu permanganate kwa maola angapo, ndiye wobzalidwa m'mbale mu mbande, owazidwa ndi wosanjikiza wochepa kwambiri womwewo. Pangani microclimate yazomerayo pomuphimba ndi thumba la pulasitiki.
Nthawi ndi mpweya wabwino, pang'onopang'ono moisturize. Patatha mwezi umodzi kapena awiri mphukirazo, zimakhamukira m'madzi osiyana, ndipo mbande zikakula, zimawabzala m'mundamo mosungiramo sukulu, priteniv bwino. Kwa nthawi yozizira, kuphimba ndi zinyalala za masamba kapena mulch ndi kompositi.
Koma kumbukirani: mbewu zosinthidwa bwino zimafalitsidwa ndi njira zamasamba: sizowona kuti ana okulirapo kuchokera ku mbewu atha kubwereza zonse zamtengo wapatali za kholo.
Gawoli la ma rhizomes. Njira yobadwirayi imakhala yoyenera makamaka ma boomer boomers, tawuni ya tawuni, singano ndi ena. Rhizomes amagawidwa mu Ogasiti-Seputembala. Ndikwabwino kusankha tsiku lamitambo kuti dzenjere zobzalidwa kumene zisawothe cheza.
Pa chidacho chilichonse, kutalika pafupifupi 3 cm, payenera kukhala impso imodzi. Delenki obzalidwa m'maenje obzala ndi akuya masentimita 20. Mtunda pakati pa mbewu zazing'ono suyenera kupitirira masentimita 60. Kubzala m'madzi ambiri.
Zisanu
Kwambiri, mafupa am'madzi amakhala otentha kwambiri. Ochepera ochepa okha amafunika pogona. Mukamagula, funsani ogulitsa momwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana idagulira nyengo. Ngati sizotheka kusungitsa chidziwitso, ndibwino kupewetsa podula masamba osachedwa nthawi yachisanu, kuponya zinyalala m'malo obzala, ndikutaya chisanu nthawi yachisanu. Simukudziwa!
Ntchito zamankhwala
Coder yachikazi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala wowerengeka. Rhizomes ndi gawo la mlengalenga zimakololedwa (nthawi zambiri). Muzu, mwa njira, umawerengedwa kuti ndi wowopsa poyizoni, ndichifukwa chake samalimbikitsidwa kumwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi coder ya amayi apakati komanso oyembekezera. Decoctions amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati anthelmintic, akuyembekeza bronchitis, mu malo osambira ana omwe ali ndi khunyu yosamba.
Mu mankhwala a Tibetan, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati virillitisitis ya impso, matenda a impso komanso matenda akulu a metabolic.
