Kuti zipatso zanu zibalikire kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuthira manyowa mitengo yazipatso ndi zitsamba zam'madzi. Kubzala kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza. Zomwe zikuluzikulu pakupanga mitengo ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iyi ya feteleza, minda yodzala ndi mpweya ndi zinthu zofunikira poyambitsa michere. Makamaka kudyetsa mitengo ya zipatso ndi zitsamba ndikofunikira kumapeto kwa chilimwe, akadzuka ndikufunika kutetezedwa ndikuthandizidwa.
Zomera za mitengo yazipatso ndi zitsamba zamasika mu kasupe: mitundu yake
Ambiri okhala chilimwe ndi olima dimba akufunsa kuti: Kodi manyowa mitengo mu kasupe? Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudziwa mtundu wa feteleza omwe amafunikira. Kufunika kwa mitengo yazipatso ndi zitsamba pazinthu zina zofunika pakudya ndikukula kumasiyana, kutengera njira zamasamba. Chapakatikati, m'minda pamafunika potaziyamu. Phosphorous ndi nayitrogeni ndizofunikira pakupanga zipatso.
Njira yodyetsera yokha imachitika ndi organic kapena michere zinthu. Timawapatsa pansipa:
- Feteleza zachilengedwe ndi humus (kompositi, zinyalala, manyowa, peat), ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthaka imalemera ndi mavitamini.
- Maminolo - amagawidwa kukhala osavuta, akaphatikiza chinthu chimodzi, komanso zovuta, zomwe, mumakhala zingapo. Pansi pawo ndi phosphorous, potaziyamu ndi nayitrogeni.
Organic - zachilengedwe feteleza kubzala. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikuwongolera nthaka. Osavulaza. Kudyetsa mitengo ndi manyowa ndi njira yotchuka. Muli zinthu zofunikira kuti zikule - mkuwa, manganese, cobalt ndi ena. Kompositi, monga imodzi mwazinthu za feteleza, ndi njira yofananira. Itha kukhala: 1. humus ndi peat - monga zigawo zakudziyimira pawokha; 2. Chomwechonso msanganizo wa nsonga, masamba, ndi chonde chotsalira ndi nthaka.
Za feteleza wa nayitrogeni, monga mtundu wa mchere, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri. Izi zikuphatikiza ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate ndi urea (urea).
Ndikofunika kuyang'anira mlingo, kuchuluka ndi kusamala kwa chitetezo. Muyenera kuwerenga malangizo kuti agwiritse ntchito, kuti musavulaze inu kapena mbewuyo.
Feteleza kuchokera ku potaziyamu ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwamafuta (kuchepetsedwa ndi chitsulo, zinki). Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi potaziyamu sulfate. Mlingo woyenera umalemeretsa mtengo kapena shrub ndi zinthu zofunika, zomwe zimawapatsa zipatso zabwino. Feteleza wa potashi ndi phosphorous akasakanikirana, zotsatira zabwino zimatheka.
Phosphorous, amathandizira kuti masinthidwe am'munda azikhala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba komanso zosagwirizana ndi chisanu. Ayenera kulowetsedwa pansi mozama mchaka, kuti mizu imalowetsa wothandizirayo momwe angathere. Izi ndizofunikira pamizu, chifukwa - yabwino komanso kuchuluka kwa zipatso.
Manyowa osankhidwa bwino ndi ogwiritsidwa ntchito mitengo ya zipatso ndi zitsamba mchaka sichingangowalemeretsa ndi zinthu zomwe zimafunikira pakudya, komanso kukonza malo m'nthaka, omwe adzaonetsetsa kuti akukolola bwino.
Kudzala mitengo yazipatso ndi zitsamba zamasika
Kuvala kwapamwamba masika a mitengo ya zipatso ndi zitsamba kumayamba ndikulowetsa zinthu zomwe zili ndi nayitrogeni m'nthaka. Kuti mukwaniritse chomeracho ndi mavitamini ndi michere, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito urea kapena ammonium nitrate. Njira yodyetsa kudzera muzu idzachitika m'magawo pang'onopang'ono. Tsatani zinthu ndi mavitamini omwe adalowetsedwa m'nthaka, ndi mpweya, amira mpaka mizu ndikuyamwa.
Kubzala aliyense ali ndi dongosolo lake, lotchedwa kudyetsa, zinthu zofunika. Chifukwa cha izi, mutha kuphunzira kudyetsa mitengo yazipatso ndi zitsamba mchaka.
Chisamaliro cha apulo cha masika chimayamba mu Epulo. Masamba oyamba amawoneka, mutha kuyambitsa kudyetsa pogwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza zomwe zimakhala ndi nayitrogeni - humus, urea kapena ammonium nitrate. Zimayambitsidwa pamitengo ya mitengo. Zinthuzi zimayambitsa kusintha kwa michere. Feteleza umathira pansi dothi ukakumba kapena kumasuka. Pankhaniyi, kuvala pamwamba pamizu kumachitika.
Peyala imafunikiranso mavitamini ndi michere m'chaka. Amanyowa ndi ammonium nitrate, urea, komanso ndowe za nkhuku.
Pangani dontho la nkhuku pang'ono, pokhapokha ngati pali ngozi yotentha thunthu ndi mizu ya mtengowo.
Mukasakaniza nitrate ndi madzi, ndikofunikira kusunga chiyerekezo cha 1: 0,5. Chaka chilichonse kumapeto kwa chaka, kuchuluka kwa feteleza wogwiritsidwa ntchito kumayenera kuchulukitsidwa, popeza mtengowo umakula ndikukula.
Chitumbuwa chisanayambe maluwa, muyenera kuchidyetsa. Popeza kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kudali ndi masamba ochepa pamtengowo, ndi munthawi imeneyi kuti feteleza akuyenera kuthiridwa ngati madzi. Izi zimalemeretsa mtengowo, ngakhale musanakhale maluwa, ndi zinthu zonse zofunika pakudya.
Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza amadzimadzi nthawi ndi nthawi ngati pali mpweya wochepa. Zofunanso ndi manyowa a nkhuku, nayitrogeni ndi zinthu zachilengedwe mumsanganizo.
Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa odziwa bwino zanyengo ndi okhala m'chilimwe akudziwa kuti zitsamba monga gooseberries, currants, raspberries, mabulosi akuda, ndizofunikanso ndipo zimafunikira zakudya zina masika. Iyenera kukhala feteleza monga awa:
- potaziyamu nitrate;
- osakaniza phulusa ndi urea;
- eco-ochezeka;
- osakaniza mitundu ingapo ya feteleza.
Kuphatikiza masika pansi pa mitengo yazipatso ndi zitsamba ndichinthu chofunikira pakapangidwe kazipatso ndikupanga bwino. Kukumba ndi kumasula nthaka, chaka chilichonse, kumabweretsa nyengo padziko lapansi. Chifukwa chake, osati malo olimidwa okha, komanso nthaka ndiyofunika kudyetsedwa. Feteleza ndi michere michere imachepetsa ndikulemeretsa nthaka ndi mitengo ndi zinthu zofunika. Izi ndizofunikira osati kokha pakukula ndi zipatso za mbewu, komanso kukonza nthaka.
Kuchulukitsa mitengo yazipatso ndi zitsamba zimayamba masika, maluwa asanayambe. Munthawi imeneyi, maimidwe amakhala ofooka ndipo amafunika chisamaliro choyambirira. Mizu yanu imafunanso kukonzanso. Izi zimatheka chifukwa chothira dothi. Njira yodyetsera mitengo yazipatso ndi zitsamba ndiyo gawo loyamba la ntchito yabwino.
