Iwo omwe akhala akulima masamba ndi zipatso kwa nthawi yoposa chaka chimodzi amadziwa kusiyana pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukoma. Chifukwa chake, mitundu yosiyanasiyana pamfundoyi ipambana popanda chifukwa. Otsala adalimbikira ntchito ndipo adabereka mitundu yambiri yophatikiza, kuyesera ndi chilichonse chatsopano chatsopano kuti azikometsa fungo ndi kukoma. Komabe, alimi ambiri samangobwerera kuzomera zokha, komanso amasuntha kuchoka ku ma hybrids kupita ku mitundu yosalala.
Ndi maubwino ati a mitundu yoyera kuposa ma hybrids, tidzayesa kufotokoza m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi zosiyanasiyana ndi wosakanizidwa
Gulu tanthauzo lake ndi gulu losankhidwa bwino lazomera. Zomera zonsezi zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake, ngakhale zimawoneka zofanana kwambiri. Mbewu zamitundu mitundu zimasunga izi, ngakhale zibzalidwe chaka ndi chaka.
Zophatikiza - Ichi ndi chifukwa chodutsa mitundu ingapo yabwino kuti mukonzere zakunja, kukoma ndi mawonekedwe ena. Mbeu zonyansa sizilinso kubereka mbewu zoyenera.
Mukamagula mbewu m'sitolo, samalani ndi chizindikiro cha F1. Zolemba izi zimayimira haibridi.
Zosiyanasiyana kapena zosakanizidwa: ndibwino bwanji?
Ubwino Wophatikiza
Momwe zipatso zimapangidwira chimodzimodzi (mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa zipatso zonse nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana).
Zopanga pamlingo wapamwamba.
Ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Zodzilamulira pazomera.
Zophatikiza Zophatikiza
Chomera chimatha kuwonetsa zabwino zonse pokhapokha mawonekedwe onse abwino atapangidwira:
- Kukhalapo kwa dothi lachonde.
- Kugwirizana ndi boma lotentha pakulima, kutentha kwadzidzidzi kumasintha.
- Namsongole ayenera kuti palibe.
- Kutsatira kwambiri ulimi wothirira (mmera sudzapulumuka pachilala, koma chinyezi chambiri chitha kuvulaza).
- Mavalidwe anthawi yake komanso angapo.
Kusintha kwanyengo kochepa kwambiri kapena kusiyana kwachilengedwe kwa wosakanizidwa mwina sikungathe kupirira. Sanasinthidwe mwamphamvu ndi chilengedwe.
Phindu la mitundu yoyera
Kudalira kochepa paukadaulo waulimi.
Pulumuka mosavuta kuthirira kwadzidzidzi ndi kuvala kwapamwamba.
Muli kuchuluka kwa michere yambiri, chifukwa mitundu yamitundu mitundu ili pafupi ndi chilengedwe. Ndizachilengedwe mwachilengedwe. (Yerekezerani ndi sitiroberi zamtchire ndi sitiroberi zamayiko, ndi sitiroberi m'munda mwanu ndi zipatso zakunja)
Zomera zamitundu mitundu zimakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri ndi zinthu zina zopindulitsa.
Zilawa zamitundu mitundu zimaposa hybrids.
Zomera zamtundu wina, zikafesedwa ndi njere, zimasunga bwino kwambiri m'mibadwo ingapo.
Zosiyanasiyana ndizosazindikira kwenikweni, zimatengera malo omwe kulimidwa, chisamaliro ndi kukonza.
Zomera zamitundu mitundu zimatha kusintha kusintha kwachilengedwe ndi nyengo, kusintha kwa kutentha ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yadzidzidzi ya mlengalenga.
Zomera zosiyanitsa zipatso ndi malo osungirako zinthu zachilengedwe komanso msanga wa zinthu zofunikira kwa anthu.
Kuteteza Zosiyanasiyana
Poyerekeza ndi hybrids, mitundu ina njuchi mungu. Mwachitsanzo, onse, kusiyapo mitundu, nkhaka, zomwe zimapatsa chilimwe anthu ogulitsa m'minda nthawi zina. Nthawi yomweyo, nkhaka zitha kukhalabe ndi kukoma kowawa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zipatso nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa (komwe sikunganenedwe za hybrids).
Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu komanso zovuta kwambiri ndizovuta kutola mbewu zapamwamba kuchokera ku mbewu zopukutidwa ndi mungu. Ngati m'munda kapena nyumba yachilimwe, mabedi okhala ndi kaloti, dzungu kapena mbewu iliyonse yopanda mbewuyo ikamera moyandikana, ndiye kuti amapukutika. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti mikhalidwe yawo yabwino imatsitsidwa kapena ngakhale kutayika. Koma ndizovuta kupatula mbewu pamalo "otetezeka" pamtunda waung'ono.
Mlimi aliyense amasankha yekha kusankha hybrids kapena mitundu.
Ena chaka chilichonse amagula mbewu ndi feteleza wama michere osiyanasiyana m'masitolo apadera, ndipo amaganiza kuti imeneyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yotsika mtengo (nthawi yambiri). Ena amasangalala kukhala nthawi yayitali pabedi lawo. Amagwira ntchito yachilengedwe chogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe wokha, kuyambitsa mulching. Amasankha bwino mbewu zabwino komanso zabwino kwambiri zam'tsogolo. Mwambiri, ma hybron amakulitsidwa ndi iwo omwe amachita izi kuti achite malonda. Wamaluwa amene akufuna kudya masamba ndi zipatso zenizeni, amakonzekera zokoma za banja lonse, ayenera kubwerera posachedwa.
Monga kuyesera, dzalani mitundu ingapo ya tomato kuyamba ndi kuyamba. Zipatso zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zidzakumbutsa kukoma kwa ubwana, kukoma kwa tomato kuchokera m'munda wa agogo anu.
