Mitundu Amaranth, kapena shamwari, ndi a banja la Amaranth, lomwe lili ponseponse ku East Asia ndi America. Pamenepo umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chofunda kapena ngati chomera chokongoletsera; ndipo m'masiku a Amwenye, shangu idayima limodzi ndi mbewu monga chimanga ndi nyemba.
Zambiri
Komabe, mitundu ina ya amaranth ndi namsongole ndipo imasokoneza kulima kwa mbewu zina. Kutengera mitundu, mphukira za amaranth ndizosavuta kapena nthambi. Kutalika kwa mphukira kumayambira 40 cm mpaka 3 m.
Masamba ndi okhazikika, lanceolate, oblong, opezeka pa petiole. Maluwa amapangika mu sinuses, kukhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira, wofiira kapena wofiirira, kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana kumapezeka.
Mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu imakhala pachaka, ndipo nyengo yathuyi ngakhale masamba obiriwira amakula ngati pachaka.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Amaranth anachita mantha kapena kapezi mitundu ya pachaka yomwe imakula mpaka theka la mita. Masamba ake ndi ozungulira, owala, ofiira. Maluwa ndi ofiira pang'ono. Amakulidwa makamaka pakukongoletsa mabedi amaluwa ndi mabedi amaluwa.
Amaranth ndimdima kapena zachisoni Onani ndi nthambi zochepa. Tsinde limakhala lalitali masentimita 150, masamba ake ndi osafunikira, ali ndi utoto wofiirira. Ma inflorescence amakonda kukhala ofiira pamtundu.
Mtundu wamtundu wa Amaranth mphukira yokhomera ya mbewu imakula pang'ono kupitirira theka la mita. Zomera zowonda kapena zopapatiza, zimaphatikiza mitundu yobiriwira, wachikaso ndi ofiira. Makamaka okongola ndi masamba achichepere, omwe amadziwika ndi kuwala kwawo.
Amaranth achita bwino imakhala ndi tsinde lalikulu lolunjika, lomwe limakula mpaka masentimita 150. Masamba ake ndi akulu, obala, obiriwira, nthawi zina okhala ndi mawanga a violet. Maluwa amapanga mipira yaying'ono ndi tint yachikasu kapena yapinki. Palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi maluwa oyera.
Kubzala Amaranth ndi kusamalira poyera
Dothi likatentha ndikusintha kutentha, mwina mungathe kudzala mbewu m'mundamo. Nthawi zambiri nthawi imeneyi imabwera kumapeto kwa masika.
Malo owala ndi ngalande zabwino, nthaka yopatsa thanzi yokhala ndi laimu mkati mwake amasankhidwa. Asanabzala, nthaka iyenera kuthiridwa ndi nitroammophos, ndikuthandizira 20 magalamu pa mita imodzi.
Zofanizira za shanu ziyenera kubzalidwe mtunda wa 10-30 cm pakati pa toyesa, kuyang'ana kukula kwa mitunduyo. Mtunda pakati pa mizere suyenera kukhala wosachepera 50 cm. Nthawi yonse yazula, mbewu zazing'ono zimayenera kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zonse, ndipo ngati kukuzizira, ndiye kuti mphukira zidzafunika pogona.
Mwambiri, pankhani yakuchoka, shinthuyi ndiosazindikira; Choyipa kwambiri kwa iye ndi kuchuluka kwanyontho ndi kuzizira.
Mpaka pomwe duwa likuyamba kukula mwachangu, lidzafunikira kuthiriridwa ndi namsongole. Kuphatikiza apo, duwa lokha limakula msanga ndipo limasiyira malo udzu; kuthirira sikufunikiranso pokhapokha ngati mumatentha nthawi yayitali.
Feteleza wa Amaranth
Amaranth amafunika kumeza feteleza katatu mpaka kanayi pachaka. Nthawi zambiri, mullein wosungunuka, m'chiwerengero cha mmodzi mpaka asanu, ndipo phulusa limagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi. Feteleza ziyenera kuchitika m'mawa, makamaka mvula ikagwa kapena kuthirira.
Kutolere mbewu za Amaranth
Kuti mutolere mbeu za shanu, muyenera kudikira mpaka chomera chitapere masamba, ndikuwombera nkuyamba kuyera. Pambuyo pake, dulani inflorescence ndikuyiyika pamalo owuma ndi mpweya wabwino. Pakatha masiku 10-15, maluwa amangofunikira kuzikikiritsa ndipo mbewuzo zimatulutsa. Mbewu za Amaranth zimakhala ndi mphamvu yokumera ndipo musazitaye mpaka zaka 5.
Chomera sichimalimba nyengo yathu yamvula, ngakhale kutentha sikumatsika kwambiri, chifukwa chake, m'dzinja amawononga ma mizimu. Zomera zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya - zimadyetsedwa ndi nkhumba, akalulu, nkhuku.
Amaranth akukula mbewu
Kubzala shimoni ndikosavuta. M'malo otentha, pomwe dothi layamba kale kutenthetsa poyambira Meyi, mutha kubzala zinthuzo m'nthaka. Mbewu zimafunikira kubzala m'modzi munthawi imodzi mu mizere yonyowa, kuzama ndi masentimita ndi theka.
Pakadutsa pafupifupi sabata limodzi ndi theka, mbande zimatuluka zomwe ziyenera kulamulidwa komanso nthaka pakati pawo idamasulidwa. Mphukira ikafika masentimita 20, dzerani duwa ndi manyowa a nayitrogeni, koma liwonjezeretse maulendo awiri kuposa momwe limasonyezedwera.
Kuti tipeze mbande za shz. Amalimbikitsidwa ndi masentimita awiri ndi theka ndikuyika chipinda chofunda (pafupifupi 22 ° C) ndi chipinda chowala, nthawi ndi nthawi chonyowa ndi mfuti yopopera. Mphukira zikaoneka, zimadulidwa, ndipo zikafika masentimita 12, zimakhala m'malo osiyana siyana.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Chomerachi sichidwala kawirikawiri, ndipo sichimakhudzidwa ndi majeremusi. Zimachitika kuti nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zofunda zimawukira amaranth. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika mbewuzo zikadali zazing'ono. Menyani tizirombo ndi maellellik kapena karbofos.
Ndi chinyezi chambiri m'nthaka, mbewuyo imayamba kuvunda. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha bowa amene amatha kutha ndi madzi a Bordeaux.
Amaranth zothandiza katundu ndi ntchito
Amaranth ndi chomera chokhazikitsidwa. Ziwalo zake zonse ndi chakudya, ndipo mbewu ndizothandiza kwambiri. Chomerachi chili ndi mafuta achilengedwe, mavitamini ndi zinthu zina zomwe thupi la munthu limafunikira.
Shirika masamba ali ndi lysine mu kapangidwe kake, kosavuta kugaya kuposa kusiyana ndi zikhalidwe zina. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati tiyi kuthana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, mavuto amanjenje, matenda amitsempha yamagalimoto.
Mafuta amapangidwa kuchokera ku amaranth, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zodzikongoletsera, amathandizira kupaka khungu ndikulisintha. Zomera zofesedwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala komanso kuphika.
