M'magulu azikhalidwe, pericallis imadziwika kuti ndi chomera chapadera. Osati kokha chifukwa ndi m'modzi wachilimwe amene amatulutsa chaka chimodzi chokha. Kukongola kwa mabasiketi ake a inflorescence, omwe akutulutsa maluwa kuthengo lowala kwambiri masika, ndi mawonekedwe apadera komanso osangalatsa. Ma pericallis daisies amapakidwa utoto wowala kwambiri komanso woyambirira kwambiri, wamtundu umodzi komanso utali wamitundu iwiri, zomwe zimapangitsa mbewuyo kukhala yolimba mtima masiku ano. Wokondwa komanso wowala, pericallis imafuna malo ena mosamalitsa. Ndipo sichotsalira aliyense.
Hybrid pericallis (Pericallis hybrida), kapena munda wa sonson, kapena cineraria wamagazi.
Pericallis - nyengo yayikulu yachilimwe
Pakati pazomera zamkati, ntchentche zowona ndizosowa. Zomera zambiri zomwe zimalimidwa ngati chaka ndi chaka zimatha kubereka, ndipo malinga ndi nyengo yoyenera yozizira komanso yozizira, zimatha kusangalatsa zoposa chaka chimodzi. Koma apa pericallis muzipinda, mosiyana ndi dimba, ndi chomera chamadzi pachaka chomwe chimamasula chaka chokha ndikumwalira chikapulumutsidwa. Koma momwe limathulira: yowala komanso yowoneka bwino, yokhala ndi ma toni amitundu ya akuda komanso kuphatikiza kosasinthika kosiyanasiyana kwamitundu iwiri, chomera ichi chimatha kugwa mchikondi ndi aliyense munthawi imodzi. Zikagulitsidwa, ana a Mulungu nthawi zambiri amapezeka kumapeto kwa Marichi 8. Maphwando okhalawa, amakumbukiranso nyimbo zopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri, amalimbirana ndi kukopa mababu ndi nyenyezi zina za masika, koma mosakayikira ndiwo woyamba kukopa chidwi chake.
Zomera zimatchedwa pericallis (Pericallis), otulutsa maluwa ambiri ndi olima dimba amadziwika ndi mayina osiyanasiyana - ana amulungu ndi cineraria (wosakanizidwa, dimba kapena wamagazi). Chomera chimagulitsidwa nthawi zonse pansi pa dzina la cineraria yamagazi. Koma maluwa otentha owala bwino omwe amakhala mu chipindacho ndi hybrids a pericallis (Pericallis x hybrida kapena Pericallis hybrida) - mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe yasankhidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Zili mwa pericallis to Compositae (Compositae).
Pericallis ndizomera zophatikiza herbaceous, kutalika kwa tchire komwe ngakhale ndi inflorescences sikungadutse 20-70 masentimita. Makulidwe akuluakulu, velvety komanso owala kwambiri mumasamba amtundu wokhala ndi mitsempha yotseguka pansi amasonkhanitsidwa mu rosette yoyambira. Masamba a pericallis amakumbutsa primroses ndi senpolia, koma mosiyana ndi omaliza amapanga pilo yowala yokha ya chipewa kuchokera ku inflorescences. Ndikosavuta kuyang'ana momwe masamba amaumbidwira pansi pamaluwa, koma mawonekedwe okongola osasinthika amangowakongoletsa. Petiole, monga lamulo, wokhala ndi mapiko, mawonekedwe ake ndiwowoneka bwino chifukwa m'mphepete mopepuka komanso kosangalatsa kukhudza.
Maluwa a pericallis amakhala, monga lamulo, mwezi ndi theka zokha. Sichitambalala kwa chaka chonse, koma ngakhale kwa mwezi umodzi mawonekedwe a chamomile mod amawululidwa kwathunthu. Kuyambira pa February mpaka Meyi, tchire lowala kwambiri la pericallis limatha kukhala mawu abwino kwambiri mkati. Mitundu yamakono ndi mitundu yosakanikirana, makamaka kuswana kwachi Dutch, imatha kuphuka mpaka miyezi 4-6, koma chifukwa cha izi amafunikira mikhalidwe yabwino ndipo sitimakonda kuwonetsedwa.
Ku pericallis, monga oyimira onse a banja la a Astrov, mabasiketi inflorescence omwe amasonkhanitsidwa m'malonda ovuta ndikupanga mtundu wa kapu pazomera. Kutalika kwa maluwa kumachokera ku 2,5 cm mpaka 5-8 masentimita pamitundu yabwino kwambiri. Zazikulu komanso zowala, zimakhala ndi "pakati" lalikulu kwambiri la maluwa a tubular ndi bwalo loutolate, spade kapena maluwa ofanana ndi bango. Mawonekedwe a pericallis amafanana ndi daisies zosavuta, chamomile nivyaniki kapena asterry terry. Nthawi zambiri, mbewu zimapanga inflorescence zosavuta, ngakhale kuti phale la mitundu ya terry lakhala likukula posachedwa. Nthawi zonse, mu pericallis, duwa lililonse limakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri ndipo mabasiketi amatha mu masiku ochepa.
Hybrid pericallis (Pericallis hybrida), kapena munda wa sonson, kapena cineraria wamagazi.Kutengera kapangidwe ka chitsamba, kutalika ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa, mitundu ya pericallis imagawika mizere ingapo kapena magulu - Grandiflora yozungulira yayitali mpaka masentimita 40, mapilo ophatikizika, okhala ndi maluwa ambiri - Nana komanso wamtali, kuyambira 50 mpaka 70 cm, wokhala ndi maonekedwe ooneka ngati nyenyezi, oonda komanso ochepa - peticallis Stellata. Zosiyanasiyana ndi zosakaniza zimasankhidwa malinga ndi maluwa.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yotchuka osati "ma petals" okha, komanso mkati mwa inflorescence. Maluwa a Reed mu pericallis amatha kujambulidwa m'matayidwe achikasu achikasu, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pinki, yofiira, kirimu. Pericallis yokhala ndi "maso" akuda kapena mtundu wakuda wamtambo ndiyotchuka kwambiri. Ndipo pichesi yayikulu ya daisies imatha kupatsa zosokoneza kwambiri komanso zosayembekezeka. Pell kapena matoni awiri, pericallis imakhala yowoneka bwino-acrylic. Mitundu yoyera, ya pinki, yofiirira, yofiira, ya lilac, yabuluu, ndi yamtambo imayimiriridwa ndi mitundu yakuda kwambiri komanso maswiti owoneka bwino kwambiri, mithunzi yocheperako komanso ma halftones apamwamba ofanana ndi nsalu zokongola.
Kusamalira Pericallis
Pericallis ndi wokongola komanso wopatsa chidwi. Koma sanakhale zodziwika bwino kwambiri zakunyumba; ndipo lero, ngakhale ali okongola, amaonedwa ngati zikhalidwe m'malo mwa amateurs. Malongosoledwe ake ndi osavuta: pericallis imafuna mikhalidwe yomwe imavuta kupanga mzipinda wamba. Kuti musangalale ndi maluwa ake, muyenera kusamalira malo abwino. Ndipo kufunikira kosungitsa chinyezi chochulukirapo sikuchepetsa kukula. Uyu ndi bambo wooneka bwino kwa olimawo omwe ali okonzeka kukwaniritsa zosowa zake zonse. Pambuyo maluwa, pericallis amatayidwa, ngakhale atayesa kupulumutsa chaka chamawa, ma hybrids awa samatulutsa, koma nthawi zambiri amafa nthawi yozizira.
Kuyatsa kwa Pericallis
Kwa zinyenyeswazi zapamwamba, mudzayenera kupereka kuwunikira kowala kwambiri. Pericallis samawopa kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji (kupatula masana), amakhala mosangalala pawindo ladzuwa kapena pamalo owala ndi kuwala kosayatsidwa. Maola ochepa padzuwa tsiku lililonse amathandizira pa kuchuluka ndi maluwa.
Mawindo akum'mawa ndi kumadzulo amawongolera kwambiri pama pericallis mzipinda; ndi kasupe wopanda mitambo, pericallis imakula bwino pazenera lakumpoto. Chomera sichimakonda kuwunikira, sichimagwira bwino kusinthasintha kwa kukula kwa kuyatsa nthawi ya maluwa.
Hybrid pericallis (Pericallis hybrida), kapena munda wa sonson, kapena cineraria wamagazi.
Hybrid pericallis (Pericallis hybrida), kapena munda wa sonson, kapena cineraria wamagazi.
Hybrid pericallis (Pericallis hybrida), kapena munda wa sonson, kapena cineraria wamagazi.
Kutentha kosangalatsa
Chovuta kwambiri pakukula kwa pericallis ndikusankha boma lotentha lomwe ndilabwino. Chomera ichi chamaluwa, chifukwa chake, mwandalama, chimakula, chimakhala chokhazikika pakutentha kotsika kwa 18 digiri Celsius. Kubala, mapangidwe a maluwa mu chomera kumachitika pa kutentha kosaposa madigiri 15. Kutentha kolondola kumachokera ku madigiri 10 mpaka 15 kapena madigiri 15. Zizindikiro zimatha kugwa pansi madigiri 10 kwa kanthawi kochepa (koma osatsika ndi madigiri 4), kutentha kwa chipinda wamba sikugwira ntchito. Pericallis amakonda kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kwa usana ndi usiku.
Pericallis ikhoza kuyikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha, pa terata kapena khonde. Chomerachi chimakonda mpweya wabwino komanso chimachepetsa kutentha. Itha kuchotsedwa kwa tsiku lakunja ngakhale mu Marichi. Pericallis itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mbewu.
Kuthirira kwa Pericallis ndi chinyezi cha mpweya
Njira yothirira mbewu ya mbewuyi imatha kutchedwa kuti yokhazikika. Pericallis amafunika chinyezi chokhazikika. Pamaso kuthirira kwotsatira, muyenera kusiya gawo loyambira la gawo lapansi m'miphika kuti liume. Chilala ndi kuthilira kwamadzi kumathandizanso kuti maluwa atukuke, koma ngati pakuchulukana mwachangu kukonza chisamaliro ndikuwonjezereka kwakukhazikika pakati kuthirira kumatha kulipirira cholakwikacho, pambuyo pouma nthaka, pericallis nthawi zambiri samachira ndikufota msanga.
Ndizovuta kwambiri kupereka mawonekedwe apamwamba amwe am'madzi ofunikira nthenga izi. Pericallis ingasinthe maluwa kokha ndi chinyezi cha 60%. Zomera zokhala ndi masamba velvet ndi maluwa osalimba, njira yothira sikhala yabwino, kupatula kugwiritsira ntchito chiphalaphala chomwazika madzi ndikumphera kuchokera patali. Pericallis amakonda kukhazikitsidwa kwa manyowa kapena matayala okhala ndi timiyala tonyowa ndi timabowo, pomwe mbewuyo imayikidwa kuti pansi isakhudze madzi.
Hybrid pericallis (Pericallis hybrida), kapena munda wa sonson, kapena cineraria wamagazi.
Kudyetsa kwa pericallis
Chomera ichi chimaphuka kwakanthawi kochepa. Ngati muli ndi pericallis wamba, yomwe imatha mu miyezi 1-1,5, ndiye kuti simungathe kudyetsa. Kupereka zakudya m'dothi ndikokwanira nthawi imeneyi. Zosiyanasiyana zokhala ndi maluwa ophatikizika, omwe amatha miyezi isanu ndi inayi, zimafunikira zakudya zina zofanana ndi zamaluwa zomwe zimaphika nthawi yachilimwe. Zomera zamaluwa zamaluwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi 1 nthawi ziwiri m'masabata awiri muyezo waukulu kapena kawiri pa sabata pamitundu yaying'ono. Kwambiri kuvala pamwamba kumayambiriro kwa budding kumawonjezera maluwa. Zomera zimayankha bwino feteleza wokhalitsa.
Kudulira kwa Pericallis
Chomera sichofunika kupangidwa: pilo ya masamba imawoneka bwino komanso yowoneka bwino, ndipo maluwawo amayambira ndikupanga maluwa pamwamba pake popanda thandizo lakunja. Zomwe muyenera kusamalira ndikuchotsa maluwa osokonekera. Amangowononga kukopa kwa pericallis (mbewu siyidziyeretsa yokha, madengu owuma amawononga chithunzi cha inflorescence yoyandikana). Koma musathamangire kungotsina chamomile: pericallis imafunika kudulira mabasiketi okhala ndi zida zokuthwa.
Thirani ndi gawo lapansi
Popeza ndizosatheka kupangika pachimake cha pericallis, chomeracho sichinaikidwenso, ndipo mutatha maluwa chimangosiyidwa.
Ngati pericallis imamera payokha popanda njere, ndiye kuti gawo lapansi lapadziko lonse limagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepo. Kusakaniza kwa nthaka kuyenera kukhala kopepuka komanso kotayirira, kopatsa thanzi, komanso kwamtundu wapamwamba. Kwa pericallis, kusakanikirana kwapadziko lonse lapansi kapena pang'ono pang'ono kwamchere ndikofunikira. Nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi magawo ofanana a turf ndi dothi lamasamba, mchenga ndi humus (1: 1: 0.25: 0.5).
Hybrid pericallis (Pericallis hybrida), kapena munda wa sonson, kapena cineraria wamagazi.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta pericallis
Choopsa chachikulu cha pericallis ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. M'malo otentha, ikhoza kupha mbewuyo pakangotha milungu ingapo, ndipo kulimbana ndi tizilombo kuyenera kuyamba posachedwa komanso ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Pericallis wopatsirana amayenera kudzipatula ku mbewu zina.
Pokhapokha ngati dothi ladzaza madzi komanso kutentha m'munsi mwa 8-10 digiri, pericallis imatha kudwala powdery mildew, grey rot, wilting ndi zina matenda oyamba ndi fungus.
Mavuto wamba pakukula kwa pericallis:
- masamba aulesi okhala ndi kuwala kambiri akamayatsidwa ndi dzuwa;
- kukongoletsa masamba ndi kutulutsa masamba osakwanira kuthirira kapena kukonzekera;
- kufalikira kwa masamba m'malo dzuwa;
- kufinya pang'ono tchire, kutula masamba nthawi yothirira mosasamala
- chinyezi chosakhazikika;
- kufota kwathunthu kuthengo chifukwa cha chinyezi chosalala kapena chilala chokwanira;
- kutayika kwa mawonekedwe a maluwa kapena kukula kwake ndi kusowa kwa kuyatsa;
- maluwa akutentha kwambiri kutentha kwambiri.
Hybrid pericallis (Pericallis hybrida), kapena munda wa sonson, kapena cineraria wamagazi.
Kubereka kwa pericallis
Pericallis, monga oyendetsa ndege ambiri, amapezeka kuchokera kumbewu. Maluwa atayamba kubzala patatha miyezi 8-9 mutabzala, chifukwa cha maluwa a Januware, mbewu zimafesedwa mu Epulo, komanso kwa Marichi kapena nthawi yachilimwe. Mbewu zimamwazika paphaka pofewetsedwa, osafakidwa dothi. Phulusa pericallis pansi pagalasi kapena filimu, pamtunda wa kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 18. Kutentha kumakhudza mbande. Kumera mbewu nthawi zambiri kumatenga masiku 10-12, kutola kuyenera kuchitika mutatha masamba onse a cotyledon m'mabokosi kapena mumakontena akuluakulu. Pamene akukula, pakatha miyezi 1-2, amadzidulira mu zotengera zokha.
