Zabwino zonse za penti ya buluu ndi lilac m'mundamo zitha kuwonetsedwa osati zokonda pakati pa maluwa a lobelia. Zowonadi, kuti mu banja la mbewu zosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu zomwe zimangokulidwa zokha monga nyengo yanyengo, palinso mitundu yambiri yowonjezera. Imodzi mwa oyendetsa ndege osasamalidwa bwino ndi browaglia wokongola.
Ikuyamba kutchuka kwambiri ndipo ngakhale siyimayimiriridwa m'misika komanso petunias, idakopa kale anthu ambiri olima. Maluwa okhudza mtima, masamba ofewa, tchire loyera, ngakhale ndi mitundu yayikulu kwambiri, samawakumbukira. Brovallia ndi imodzi mwazomera zokongola za m'munda momwe maonekedwe oyera ndi mawonekedwe amapangitsa chomera chokha kukhala chokongola kwambiri.
Wokongola wa brovallia (Browallia speciosa).
Phulusa mosalekeza
Browllia (browallia) lero lomwe lili ngati m'badwo "watsopano" wa oyendetsa ndege. Zachidziwikire, pakupanga zokongoletsa zachilengedwe mbewuyi idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, koma nafe mkazi wamanyazi uyu samadziwika zaka khumi zapitazo. Kuphatikiza ntchito ya dimba ndi mbewu zakunyumba, brovallia moyenerera akuti ndiwokongola kwambiri komanso wokongola. Kudzichepetsa kwake kumatengera zambiri kuposa mipikisano yapamwamba kwambiri ya opikisana nawo.
Tchire la browllia silidutsa masentimita 30. Ili ndi chilimwe chofupikitsa chilimwe chomwe chimakhala chopanda bwino kwambiri, chopanda bwino tchire, chomwe chimawoneka kuti chapangidwa kuti chizioneka bwino. Zowona zake, brovlia imatha kubzala osati chomera chaching'ono: imawonekera poyera pokhapokha ngati malo asankhidwa bwino. Koma mbiya ndiyo njira yodalirika koposa. Ndipo maluwa enieni mu dothi lotsekedwa ku brovallia adzakhala okongola kwambiri. Masamba a browllia ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka-owoneka bwino, utoto umakhala wokhuta ndi udzu nthawi zonse. Maluwa a Browllia amawoneka ngati osakanizidwa a violets ndi periwinkle. Choyala chopindika, chokhala ndi miyendo isanu yokhala ndi masamba asanu, chimaphukira pachimake pamasamba ndikuwala bwino poyang'ana masamba obiriwira bwino. Maluwa okongola komanso okongola amaoneka ngati agulugufe amapezeka tchire. Ndipo kukongola kwa maluwa kumangowonjezeredwa ndi malo owerengeka owerengeka pakati pa duwa, lofanana ndi maso.
Brovallia limamasula mosalekeza, koma kokha pakati pa chilimwe. Ziwonetsero zake zimayamba mu Julayi, koma zimakhaladi mpaka ozizira kwambiri. Chilimwechichilimwe chomaliza chanyamuka m'munda.
Zophatikiza bronllia "Kukongola Kosatha".
Chenjerani, mbewuyo ili ndi poizoni! Brovallia ndi imodzi mwamaluwa owopsa kwambiri otulutsa maluwa. Ndi chomera chakupha ndipo kulumikizana ndi khungu kuyenera kupewedwa. Mutha kugwira ntchito ndi mbewu pokhapokha ngati muli ndi magolovu, ndipo ngakhale mutawagwiritsa ntchito, onetsetsani kuti mwatsuka manja anu mutatha kugwira ntchito ndi browllia.
Zosiyanasiyana ma browlls
Buku la chaka chino siloyimira kwambiri pamakalasi ndi mitundu. Zomera 7 zokha zomwe zimaphatikizidwa pamtundu wa browlls, pomwe 2 browlls zokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulima. Kukula ndi nthambi zambiri, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana. Komabe, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu.
Wokongola Brovallia (Browallia speciosa) - kulowa pachimake kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe ndikukhalitsa mpaka matalala kwambiri, Brovallia wokongola amakhala ndi maluwa ochepa, mpaka 5 cm. Mtambo, buluu, wamtambo, wamtambo ndi wofiirira wakuda, nthawi zina yoyera, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi diso loyera pakati kapena wowala utoto kunja kuposa mkati, kuphimba chitsamba kwambiri kotero kuti pansi pawo palibe masamba pang'ono owonekera pang'ono ndi malangizo opyapyala, ndikupanga masamba owala m'mimba mwake mpaka 60 cm.
American brovallia (Browallia americana) amatulutsa maluwa ang'onoang'ono, koma zochuluka kotero kuti amaphimba msipu wa chitsamba. Pafupifupi masentimita awiri okha, maluwa oyera kapena oyera amtundu wa lilac amakwirira kwambiri tchire lowoneka bwino. Kunja, kukongola kumeneku kumasokonezeka mosavuta ndi bulowllia yomata, koma mphukira zake sizomata, ndipo zonenepa zimakhala zakuda.
M'mbuyomu, Browllia womata komanso maluwa akulu a Browllia payokha anali osiyana mitundu. Pakadali pano mitundu yonseyi imaphatikizidwa ku American Brovallia (Browallia americana) ndipo ndi kufanana kwake. M'mabuku mungapezeko mafotokozedwe amtunduwu ngati odziyimira pawokha, zomwe sizowona konse.
Chimodzimodzi browllia (Browallia viscosa) ndi mtengo wamphukira yotentha kwambiri mpaka 30cm kutalika ndi chitsamba chobiriwira bwino bwino. Maluwa amatuluka pamwamba pamasamba, amtambo wabuluu kapena periwinkle buluu, mumitundu ina - yoyera, imawoneka yayikulu chifukwa chomera chofanana. Browllia iyi idatchedwa dzina loti mphukira zomata, koma malowa sawalembetsa posamalira mbewu. Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya ma brashi a viscose masiku ano amadziwika kuti ndi "Alba" wokhala ndi maluwa oyera ngati chipale chofewa ndi maso achikasu ndi safiro wamtambo "Sapphire" 20c yekha, koma ndi maluwa ambiri pachitsamba.
Chachikulu browllia (Browallia grandiflora) - mawonekedwe okhala ndi tchire lokulirapo kwambiri, lalitali komanso lamphamvu, lomwe m'malo otetezeka amatha kufikira theka la mita kutalika. Maluwa oyera kapena amtundu wabuluu siali amodzi, koma amatengedwa mu mabulashi otayirira a inflorescence. Browllia iyi imawoneka yosokoneza, koma chifukwa cha inflorescence yayikulu imawoneka yowoneka bwino kuposa opikisana nawo.
Wokongola wa brovallia (Browallia speciosa).
Browllia pakupanga kwamunda amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati:
- chikhalidwe kuti apange malire ooneka bwino;
- kukongoletsa koyambirira kwa mabedi a maluwa;
- malo okongola ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono owoneka pamtunda paudzu ndi potseguka pansi;
- amodzi mwa maluwa abwino opanga mawonekedwe;
- malo owala ndi kutsindika pa maluwa ndi kuchotsera;
- mawu m'mabedi amaluwa amaluwa;
- buku lokongola la chilimwe lopeka mu maluwa amisewu, atsikana amiyala yamaluwa;
- Chimodzi mwazithunzi zowala kwambiri zamakonde ndi masitepe;
- ampel zachilendo ndi zokongoletsera m'mphepete mwa ma tub, mkulu, mitengo ndi zitsamba zomwe zili mumtsuko (browllia zimakhala ndi mphukira zosinthika zomwe, ngakhale sizinasungidwe, koma zimagwirizana kwambiri kuchokera m'mphepete mwa zotengera).
American Browallia (Browallia Americaana).
Kuwala, bwino
Ngakhale mawonekedwe apamwamba, otulutsa maluwa ambiri nthawi yachilimwe, browllia samakonda malo okhala ndi dzuwa, owala bwino. Zowona, pokhapokha mutakula mumbale ndi mapoto. Afunika kunyamula malo owala ndi magetsi oyatsira, kuteteza ku dzuwa lowala, koma pewani mthunzi wocheperako, komanso mthunzi wochepera. Ngati browllia wabzala pansi, ndiye kuti ndibwino kunyamula malo omwe siotentha (okha osamwera).
Kusankhidwa kwa dothi la Browllia
Ntchentche izi zimasankha bwino dothi. Browllia ikhoza kubzalidwa panthaka pokhapokha pobzala, koma yabwino kwambiri komanso dothi labwino. Sadzapulumuka munthaka yowunda komanso yonyowa kwambiri. Kuchulukanso kwamtengo wapatali kumabweretsa kukula kwazomera zobiriwira kuti ziwononge maluwa, koma nthaka yachonde yachapakati ndiyabwino kwambiri. Koma pachikhalidwe cha chidebe, ndikokwanira kusankha gawo lapansi kapena kusakaniza kwa dothi la maluwa. Browllia amamva bwino dothi, lomwe limakhala ndi mchenga wofanana, dothi louma, humus ndi masamba.
Zochitika pa chisamaliro cha browllia
Gwiritsani ntchito nthawi yambiri posamalira ntchentcheyi ndikuthilira. Pazipinda zonse zamkati komanso zam'minda, chikhalidwe, komanso poyera, ndikofunikira kuti nthaka ikhale chinyezi. Kutsirira mbewu iyi kuyenera kukhala mwadongosolo, pafupipafupi. Njirazi zimasinthidwa malinga ndi nyengo, koma ntchito yayikulu sikuti kunyowetsa dothi, kuti lizisamalira nthawi zonse m'malo opanda mvula. Ndikwabwino kuchitira chonde nthaka mozama, m'malo kuthilira pafupipafupi. Koma musalole chilala: dothi likauma, chomera chimafota ndipo sichidzabwezeretsedwa.
Ngati browllia wakula mumiphika, ndiye kuti sangakane kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse. Itha kuchitika kawiri pa tsiku mchilimwe. Maluwa a chomera saopa kunyowa, ndipo masamba ochokera pakuwonjezereka kwa chinyezi amadzakhala okongola kwambiri.
Browllia pabedi la maluwa osakanizika.
Ma browlls omwe akukula m'nthaka samadyetsa, komanso feteleza womata mumilungu itatu iliyonse. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza zamaluwa.
Kudulira ndi gawo lofunika posamalira chomera ichi. Kuti tchire likhale lokongola komanso lophika, chomera chimayamba kukhala ngati malo oyera, muyenera kufupikitsa nthawi yake kapena kutsina mphukira zazitali. Koma ndikwabwino kuwongolera zoyesayesa zazikulu pakudulira kuti zisapangidwe (pambuyo pake, browllia imawoneka yokongola mwachilengedwe), koma kuchotsa masamba owuma, maluwa ositha.
Zikuyenda mosadukiza kumapeto kwa nyengo
Ngati ma brows anu akupitiliza kuphatikiza ngakhale kuzizira kukuyandikira, ndipo muli ndi mwayi oyeretsa browlls nyengo yachisanu m'malo okhala, ndiye kuti kukongola sikuyenera kutayidwa koyamba kumene kuzizira. Brovallya atha kukhala wamkulu ngati woyendetsa ndege, koma ngati muyika zinthuzo nthawi, ndiye kuti mungasangalale ndi maluwa ake kwa milungu ingapo, kapena ngakhale miyezi. Pamalo owala, otentha pang'ono (kuyambira mpaka 15 mpaka 18 digiri Celsius) ndikutungira madzi nthawi zonse, browllia imamaliza bwino padeti wake, kukongoletsa nyengo yophukira komanso kuzizira kwamkati mozizira ndi maluwa aku maluwa a amethyst. Pambuyo maluwa, imayenera kutayidwa ndikusinthidwa ndi mbewu zatsopano.
Njira zoberekera za brovallia:
Mbewu
Kufesa mbande zitha kuchitika chaka chonse, kusintha nthawi yamaluwa ndikupeza makope omwe amatulutsa maluwa ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Ngati dimba, ndibwino kubzala browllia mu Marichi (dothi lotseguka) komanso kuyambira mwezi wa February mpaka Meyi pamphika wachikhalidwe. Mbewu zimafunikira kunyowa m'madzi ofunda kwa maola 48, kenako osamwazika pamwambapa popanda kuphimba ndi dothi. Musamanyowetse dothi musanafesere, koma uzipopera pambuyo pofesa mbewu. Kumera kumatha kuchitika pansi pagalasi kapena filimu, yomwe imayenera kuchotsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuti mpweya wabwino. Mbewu zikamakula, onetsetsani kutsina nsonga, kupanga zitsamba. Kutola kumatha kuchitika mutatulutsa kabuku kachinayi. Koma mutha kusinthitsa ma browlls m'nthaka kapena mapoto a mundawo pokhapokha pakutha kwa chisanu usiku watha, osati kale kwambiri m'ma Meyi.
Kudula
Mphukira za Brovallia ndizokhazikika mu dothi lililonse lowala pansi pa hood, pokhazikika ndi chinyezi chambiri. Dulani odulidwa apical kuyambira Meyi mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Browallia "Mabelo Am'madzi".
Tizilombo ndi matenda:
- ufa wowonda;
- kangaude;
- nsabwe za m'masamba;
- zovala zoyera.
Kumenyerako kuyenera kuyambira pachiwonetsero choyamba cha matenda, mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Tchire la Brovallia liyenera kudzipatula nthawi yomweyo ndi mbewu zina. Ngati mbewuyo yakhudzidwa kwambiri, ndibwino kuitaya ndikusinthira yatsopano.
Zindikirani
Brovallia ndiwabwino kwambiri ngati chomera, komabe, komanso pachaka: mutatha maluwa, mbewuyo imayenera kutayidwa. Kuti mupeze, muyenera kusankha dothi labwino kwambiri, ndikukhazikitsa ngalande pansi pa matanki ndikuwasunga m'zipinda zowala zotchingira dzuwa ndi kutentha kwa mpweya osachepera 20 digiri Celsius.
Mukayamba kuzizira nyengo yozizira (pafupifupi 15 digiri Celsius), mbewu zimapitilira kutulutsa maluwa ndipo zimakondweretsa kwambiri kupitilira nyengo yachikhalidwe. Kusamalira browllia muchipinda chikhalidwe sikovuta: pamafunika kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pafupipafupi, kuphatikizidwa ndi kupinikiza mphukira zazitali kwambiri.
