Whitefly - kachilombo kakang'ono, 1.5-5.0 mm ndi mapiko owonekera bwino a elves, ndi tizilombo tambiri ta mitundu yobiriwira, makamaka m'malo otetezeka. Ayi, ngakhale mankhwala oopsa kwambiri amatha kuwononga mbewa yoyera "mu mpesa." Chaka chilichonse, amabwerera mosavutikira kulimbikira ku nkhokwe ndi kuyambitsa kufunikira kwatsopano kwamtopola, ndipo nthawi zina amalimbana naye. Chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zikufunika pakuchotsa udzu wobiriwira ndi malo ozungulira kuti asawonongedwe ndi gulugufe?
Whitefly, kapena Aleirodida (Aleyrodidae)Mavuto akulu amatetezedwa ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi mbewu zina kuchokera kwa zovala zoyera kufiyala zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayamba m'maluwa oyambira. Zikuwoneka kuti ngati mupopera mbewuzo pafupipafupi ndi mankhwala amphamvu, ndiye kuti kachilomboka kakutha! Ayi! Mukukonzekera zachilengedwe, gulugufe wapanga luso lapadera lopulumuka. Ndipo pali mphindi ziwiri ngati izi mu kukula kwake:
- oviposition lotetezedwa ndi wapadera waxy mankhwala, osavulaza mankhwala;
- siteji ya nymph, kuti apulumutse moyo ndi "kubereka" ku gawo losavulaza la tiziromboti, imasiya kudyetsa komanso imakutidwa ndi chinthu chonga sera chomwe sichingafikire mankhwala ambiri ophera tizilombo. Mwana wamkazi wosaka amakwaniritsa kugona thukuta kambirimbiri komwe mabuwa amakhala mpaka 90% nthawi yonse ya moyo wake. Pa magawo onse a chitukuko, pafupifupi 80-90% amafikira gawo la nymphs - gulu lonse la tizirombo. Nyengo, zovala zoyera zimapanga mibadwo 15 kapena kupitilira apo, zomwe zimangokhala masiku 25 okha. Mukugwa, amalowa pagawo lililonse komwe amapirira nyengo yofatsa, makamaka pansi pa chipale chofewa.
Kupenda mabuku ndi zomwe takumana nazo kwawonetsa kuti iwo omwe amalephera kuchotsa kachilombo ndi kubwereranso ku malo obiriwira mobwerezabwereza aphwanya lamulo loyambirira lothana ndi tizilombo. Kuwononga mbewa yoyera, ndikofunikira chaka chilichonse kuchita ntchito yoteteza, kuphatikiza yophukira ndi masika chithandizo cha zobiriwira ndi malo ozungulira.
Kuteteza kwa Whitefly
Kuti maupangiri agwiritse ntchito, ayenera kukhazikitsidwa bwino. Zingwe zopatukana, Mlingo, nthawi ya mankhwala omwe atengedwa kuchokera kuzinthu sizikhala ndi zotsatira zabwino. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimangokhala kwa nyengo imodzi yokha.
Chitani ntchito yoteteza yophukira mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Thirani wowonjezera kutentha kwathunthu. Ngati ndi kotheka, kuphimba nthaka ndi zojambulazo ndikuthira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mkati. Kusintha kwa ngodya zosavuta kufikira, ma crevices, malo amtundu wina ndi zina, etc. ndikofunikira kwambiri. Malo omwe angathe kupaka penti atha kupakidwa utoto, ndipo m'malo osavuta kufikako mutha kuyambitsa njira yophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Poyerekeza ndi ma whiteflies, ichi chizikhala chinthu chomwe chimasungunula chitetezo chamkati cha ovipositor:
- Njira yothetsera Creolin (cypermethrin), yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati Mospilan, Shar Pei, Inta-Vir,
- aerosol ("KRA - deo super"),
- yankho laukadaulo waukadaulo (vodika) ndi madzi muyezo wa 1: 1. Sakanizo limasungunula chipolopolo chomwe chimateteza kumaso ndi kuwononga mazira oyera. Njira yothetsera zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi madzi imawononga mbewa yoyera pachilichonse chitukuko komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Supuni ziwiri za mowa 96% zimasungunuka mu madzi okwanira 1 litre ndipo mbewuzo zimatsanulidwa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito poyesa miyala ya sulfure pokonza masamba obiriwira ochokera kwa zovala zoyeraSambani ndikutsuka malo onse ovuta kufikira (kumbukirani, kukula kwa bulangezi sikupitirira 3 mm, ndipo kusiyana kulikonse kumatha kufikika).
- Patatha masiku 2-3 mutangomaliza kulandira chithandizo, kubwereza kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa Aktara, komwe kumakhala ndi zotsatira zina ndikuwononga ana onse azungu, kuphatikiza achikulire.
- Gwiritsani ntchito bwino mankhwala a mahomoni, monga Machesi, Admiral. Koma zochita zawo zimangofuna kuwononga mazira ndi mphutsi. Kwa achikulire, mankhwalawa sagwira ntchito ndipo amafuna chithandizo chowonjezera motsutsana ndi akuluakulu. Itha kuthandizidwa kuwonjezera pa Actara, Actellic, Sharpei, Tanrek ndi kukonzekera kwina kwa mankhwala.
Kukonza wowonjezera kutentha kumachitika bwino nthawi yamadzulo, nyengo yofatsa, kutenga njira zonse zotetezedwa kuzinthu zoopsa (magalasi, kupuma, bafa, thalauza, nsapato, mutu).
Mukamaliza kuchiza makhoma ndi pansi zonse, muyenera kupukuta dothi.
Whitefly silivomereza malo a zamchere. Chifukwa chake, poyamba, amakumba dothi poyambitsa laimu, phulusa, ndi zinthu zina zaufa. Kumwaza dothi ndi laimu yodontha imachitika poyerekeza ndi 100-200 g / sq. mamita m'dera lanu ndi kukumba mu dothi lomwe lingoyambitsidwa kumene kapena masentimita 10-15. Phulusa - magalasi awiri pa mraba. m. Zinthu zina zimathandizira mogwirizana ndi malingaliro.
Kubwera komaliza kwa ntchito yotsutsana ndi choyera kumayambitsa kutentha kwanyengo. Pofinya, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bomba lapadera la Pawn-S, mabomba a sulufa kapena bomba la fodya wa Hephaestus. Chotsirizirachi chimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula kwa mbewu zobiriwira. Utsi suvulaza mbewu. Ngati palibe ma cheke, mutha kuwaza ndi sulufu, kufalitsa pamasamba ophika azitsulo pamlingo wa 50-80 g / cu. m wa malo obiriwira. Wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala wozikika bwino. Pambuyo masiku 2-3, aerate. Akapukutidwa, mpweya umalowa munthaka, ndikuchititsa kufa kwa mphutsi za nthawi yozizira ndi akulu. Chonde dziwani! Mazira a Whitefly samazunza mazira. Kulima kowonjezera kumafunika.
Whitefly ndi ana ake sangathe kulekerera kutentha pang'ono, chifukwa chake, njira zomwe zatengedwa, zimatha kuzimitsa kutentha, ndikuchepetsa kutentha kutentha mpaka minus 15 ... 20 * ะก. Malo ena obiriwira amakhulupirira kuti ngati denga la nyumba yobiliwirayo ndi lotseguka komanso matalala pomwepo, ndiye kuti izi ndizokwanira kupha mbewa yoyera. Ayi! Amakhala ndi chisanu chachikulu pansi pa chisanu. Chifukwa chake, kuzizira kuyenera kuchitika chisanachitike chipale chofewa kapena kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndikuchotsa zochuluka. Gulugufeyu sakhala moyo pokhakhala lotseguka nthawi yachisanu. Ngati m'derali mulibe kutentha kwa nthawi yozizira, ndiye kuti amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha majeremusi onse ndikumaliza kukonzekera (nthawi yophukira, kasanadze kubzala) ndi fumigation.
Kukumba mu wowonjezera kutentha kumapeto yophukiraKuyeretsa koyesedwa pafupi ndi malo obiriwira.
Ndikofunikira kuchotsa zinyalala ndi zida zonse kuchokera kubuluku komanso malo ozungulira. Kuyeretsa, kutsuka, kuyikitsidwa, kutentha komwe kuzizira kumakhala kofanana ndi kunja (kuzizira kwachilengedwe). Musaiwale kupanga izi zisanachitike.
Buluzi litha kuwonongeka mu wowonjezera kutentha, koma lidzawonekeranso - kuchokera kwa oyandikana nawo, mbande zogulidwa, pamsongole pomwe mazira ndi akuluakulu amabisala. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti gawo likhale loyandikana ndi wowonjezera kutentha m'malo oyera.
Ndikofunikira kuwononga maudzu onse, makamaka kubaya, maula, nsabwe za nkhuni. Kuchokera kwa oyandikana nawo mutha kudzipatula ndi udzu wa Moorish, momwe mungabyala mbewu zomwe zimakopa oyera. Kapangidwe kakang'ono ka katsabola, udzu winawake, mbewu za parsley zidzakhala chotchinga mwachilengedwe kwa zovala zoyera. Okwera, nsikidzi, macrolofus, ladybugs, zingwe ndi zowononga zina zomwe zimawononga tizilombo tambiri. Mutha kubzala martinia onunkhira pa udzu ndi malo obiriwira. Thupi lomata pamasamba a martinia limakhala zomatira zachilengedwe, pomwe mbewa zimafa. Olima ena amalimbikitsa kubzala mu greenhouse Ageratum Houston (Gauston). Tikukulangizani kuti musamale ndi mbewu iyi. Muli coumarin - chinthu choopsa kwa anthu, makamaka kwa odwala omwe alibe matendawa. Mafuta a alkaloid (ndipo amatentha mu wowonjezera kutentha) amatha kuyambitsa magazi atalowa mucous membrane. Koma chomera chimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito panja panthaka kapena dimba lakale, pomwe lingathe kufafanizira mbewa yoyera. Utoto ndi tansy ndizokongola kwa zovala zoyera. Akuluakulu nthawi zonse amathamangira kununkhira kwawo. Pochotsa udzu m'chilimwe ndikutchetcha nyengo yachisanu, mutha kuteteza mbewu zamasamba kuchokera kwa zoyera zomwe zimalowa mkhumbi kuchokera kunja.
Whitefly, kapena Aleirodida (Aleyrodidae)Wokondedwa Reader! Nkhaniyi imangopereka njira zochepa zodzitetezera ku greenjlies. Nkhaniyi ndi chikumbutso kuti ndizotheka kuteteza mbewu zobiriwira zonse kuzomera pokhapokha ngati mukuchita ntchito zingapo. Kupopera mankhwalawa kamodzi ndikungothawa kwakanthawi. Zipangizo zambiri zokwera pa whitefly, kakulidwe kake, kubereka, ndi kuwongolera panthaka yazomera zimatha kupezeka mu nkhani ya "Whitefly and control of tizilombo".
