M'minda yambiri m'munda mutha kupeza chomera chodabwitsa ngati cha lyatris, chomwe chimawoneka chokongola pachithunzicho ndikukhala ndi moyo. Duwa lokongoletsera ili ndi fungo labwino komanso maluwa osazolowereka, kuwonjezera apo, silopanda tanthauzo. Kufika koyimbira kwa nthawi ya lyatris kudzakuthandizani kuti musangalale ndi maluwa oyambira kuyambirira kwa Julayi mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti.
Wosatha uyu ali ndi mitundu yambiri, kubzala mbewu zomwe ndi kusamalira mphukira sikutanthauza kuyesetsa kwapadera. Chifukwa cha izi, chikhalidwe chotere chimadziwika kuti ndi chotchuka kwambiri. Tiyeni tiyese kudziwa kuti ndi chiyani chamtundu wa lyatris chomwe chikuyandikira ndikusamalira poyera zomwe zikuwonekeranso.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana
North America ndiye kwawo kwa maluwa a Liatris, chifukwa chake, amakhalanso mizu yabwino m'dziko lathu. Ichi ndi mbewu yosatha ndi phesi lowongoka, yomwe imakongoletsedwa ndi inflorescence yambiri, ndipo kutalika kwake imatha kufika 2 metres. Ambiri olima dimba amabzala chomera m'magulu, chomwe chikuwoneka bwino kwambiri. Amabzalanso pamabedi amaluwa ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maluwa. Kuti ipangike motalika mu bokosi, madzi amawumitsidwa ndi feteleza pang'ono.
Chomera ichi chikuyimiriridwa ndi mitundu, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumaposa makumi anayi. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ndi iyi:
- spikelet;
- zamanyazi;
- grung.
Spikelet ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wamatumbo a lyatris, kutalika kwa inflorescence ya anthu achikulire momwe ndi 80 cm. Umayamba kutulutsa chakumapeto kwa June ndipo kumatha mpaka pakati pa Julayi. Mithunzi yamtunduwu ndiosiyanasiyana. Liatris spikelet buluu (mtundu wa buluu) zimayenda bwino ndi maluwa oyera, ofiirira, apinki ndi ofiirira.
Filmy. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa mitunduyi ndi masamba, omwe amatha kutalika masentimita 3. Mitundu ina imatha kutalika mita imodzi. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yamtunduwu imadziwika kuti ndi "Alba", yomwe imakhala ndi fluffy inflorescence. Kusamalira iye ndikophweka, monga kubzala ndi kukula.
Zoyipa - mitundu iyi ndi yayitali, zimayambira zamitundu ina zimatha kutalika mamita awiri. Mbali yakumwamba ya tsindeyo imakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ofiirira, omwe amatengedwa m'maluwa obiriwira.
Njira zakukula kwa lyatris m'nyumba yanyengo yachilimwe
Izi zimatha kubereka:
- mbewu;
- tubers;
- kugawidwa kwa chitsamba.
Kubzala kumachitika mosiyanasiyana ndipo zimatengera njira yomwe yasankhidwa.
Kukula kwa lyatris kuchokera kumbewu panthaka
Njira iyi imawonedwa ngati yosavuta, ndipo maluwa akuluakulu amatha kupezeka kale mchaka chachiwiri. Popeza mbande siziopa chisanu, alimi ambiri kubzala mu nthaka kumapeto yophukira. Komabe, ndibwino kuti muchite izi mu April. Malo olimitsira mbewu amakonzedwa pasadakhale, chifukwa pokumba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza (1 ndowa ya humus pa 1 m2).
Mbewu zimafunikira chisamaliro chowonjezera. Asanabzike, amayenera kunyowa kwa maola 8 mpaka 10 m'madzi ochepa kapena wowonjezera kukula. Mbewu zobzalidwa m'maenje ndi kuya kwa 1 mpaka 1.5 masentimita. Mukabzyala, mabedi amadzalidwa ndi dothi.
Kufalikira kwa ma tubat a lyatris
Njirayi ndi yabwino kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chomera cham'mera mwawo, chomwe amachita chisamaliro chofunikira. Tubers ngati zinthu zobzala ndizabwino kutengedwa kuchokera ku maluwa omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira zitatu. Mukaziyika pansi ziyenera pezani kupsinjika kakang'ono pa tuberskumene mphukira zimamera. Kubzala kwawo kumachitika mu maenje okonzekereratu okhala ndi kuya kwa 10 cm, gawo lachitatu lomwe liyenera kudzazidwa ndi humus. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, ndiye kuti zophukacho zoyambirira zitha kuyembekezeredwa pafupifupi mwezi.
Kugawanitsa
Potere, mphukira zazing'ono za chomera chachikulu pamodzi ndi mizu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zodzala. Zimagawa tchire kuti mphukira yachichepere ili ndi gawo lamphamvu pa chomera cha mayi ndipo chizika mizu bwino.
Kubzala mphukira zoterezi, mabowo akuya masentimita 10 mpaka 20 amatuta pamtunda wa 30 cm kuchokera wina ndi mnzake. Dzenje, monga momwe lidalili kale, ndi 1/3 yodzaza ndi humus, pambuyo pake chikhalidwe ichi chadzalidwa. Mphukira zonse zikazibzulidwa, mabedi azikulungika pogwiritsa ntchito humus. Pambuyo pa a Liatris kuziika kumayambiriro kasupe kapena kumapeto kwa yophukira. Kubalana mwanjira iyi kuyenera kuchitika zaka zitatu kapena zinayi zilizonse.
Chisamaliro
Ngati duwa libzalidwe panthaka, ndiye kuti muusamalire ndi motere:
- kuthirira nthawi zonse;
- kuchotsa kwa udzu;
- kutchinga chitsamba.
Popeza mizu ya lyatris ndiyapamwamba ndipo imatha kuwululidwa nthawi yamvula, malowo ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi dothi pafupipafupi. Ma peduniking apamwamba nthawi zina amafunika kumangirizidwa ndi chithandizo. Ndikofunikanso kuti mulch mderali, chifukwa chake mizu yatetezedwa ndikupatsidwa zakudya zina.
Liatris amafunika kuphatikiza umuna nthawi zonse. Chitani analimbikitsa 12 pa sabata ndipo ndibwino kuphatikiza izi ndi kuthirira, zomwe kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yomera zimathandizira kuti pakhale mizu yamphamvu. Koma simuyenera kumunyowetsa chomeracho kwambiri, chifukwa muzu mizu imatha kuvunda.
Ndikofunikira kudyetsa ma lyatris mchaka ndi feteleza omwe amagulidwa m'sitolo yapadera. Kuthira feteleza kwambiri kumatha kupangitsa kuti minga igwere pamaluwa. Komanso, chisamaliro chomera chimakhala ndi udzu ndikuchotsa ma inflorescence owuma kuti duwa lisatayike kukongoletsa ngakhale mutamasintha maluwa ndikusangalatsa maso ndi masamba ake owoneka nthawi yayitali.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Liatris samadzimvera chisoni komanso amalimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, koma amatha kuwononga nkhono ndi zimbalangondo. Kuti muwachotse, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira yotsalira yotsatirayi: botolo la mowa wokhala ndi voliyumu ya 100 ml imayikidwa pansi pakona madigiri 45 kotero kuti khosi limatsika 2 mpaka 3 cm kuposa pamlingo. atsekedwa. Ndikofunika kusintha pafupipafupi moledzera mu nyambo.
Nthawi zina, chifukwa chodulira madzi, mbewu imayamba kuvunda. Pankhaniyi, zowola zonse zimadulidwa pamaluwa, pambuyo pake amathandizidwa ndi fungicide.
Chifukwa chake, tidasanthula momwe mtundu wa lyatris ulili, mawonekedwe ake, chithunzi cha duwa chomwe chidaperekedwa munkhaniyi. Chomera chodabwitsachi chimapulumuka bwino mu ziwembu za ku Russia, momwemonso kugonjetsedwa ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Njira yomwe ikukula kuchokera mu nthangala ndizosavuta kwambiri ndipo ngakhale wokonda maluwa wamatsenga amatha kuthana ndi izi.
