Cotyledon ndi chomera chokoma chomwe ndi cha banja la Tolstyankov ndipo chimakonda kudera lakumwera komanso kum'mawa kwa Africa. Masamba a masamba obiriwira kapena amtundu wozungulira kapena wokutira mawonekedwe amakhala wokutidwa ndi zokutira zokutira zoyera kapena kufupika pang'ono. Catyledon limamasula ndi ma inflorescences achikasu owala, lalanje, ofiira ndi ofiirira, omwe amakhala pamtunda wapamwamba.
Mitundu yotchuka ya cotyledon
Mantha - Mtundu wa cotyledon wodziwika ndi mtengo waukulu wamtali, kutalika kwake ndiko kuyambira hafu ya mita mpaka mita awiri. Pamutu pa mphukira pali masamba pang'ono ofupika pang'ono pafupifupi 3-4 cm mulifupi ndi 6-8 cm. Ma panicle kapena ma ambulera inflorescence pazitali za mita imodzi amakhala ndi maluwa ofiira omwe amakhala ndi malire obiriwira m'mphepete mwa miyala.
Wazi - mtundu wa zipatso zosatha, zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba (80 cm) ophukira ndipo zimasiyira m'mbali. Maluwa mu inflorescence angapo-ma ambulera amtundu wofiira. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa mitunduyi ndi mikwaso yoyera pamaluwa, ma peduncles ndi masamba.
Zachikulu zazikulu - mtundu wamtundu wowoneka bwino wokhala ndi masamba akuda amtundu wobiriwira wakuda wokhala ndi malire ofiira kuzungulira m'mbali. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa tchire kumayambira 50 mpaka 80 cm, peduncle ndi pafupifupi 25 cm.
Mesh - mtundu wa shrub, chosiyana ndi chake ndi mtengo wokulirapo komanso wamfupi wokhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono (pafupifupi 1.5 cm). Amaluwa ndi inflorescence a hue wobiriwira wachikasu. Ndi isanayambike, mbewuyo inataya masamba.
Zolemba - mtundu wa shrub osatha, thunthu lake lomwe limatalika pafupifupi masentimita 20. Kutalika kwa masamba obiriwira obiriwira omwe amakhala mu rosette kuli pafupifupi masentimita 5. Masamba ofiira amtundu wofiirira, wa lalanje ndi wachikasu amakhala pamalo okwera kwambiri mpaka 30 cm.
Rotundifolia - mtundu wa shrub-masamba okhala ndi masamba oyera oyera aimvi okhala ndi malire wofiyira ndi mphukira yofikira kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 90. Amamasuka ndi ma inflorescences ambiri ofiira, maambulera, omwe amakhala pamiyendo ya senti-centimeter.
Kusamalira cotyledon kunyumba
Kuwala
Kuyatsa kwa cotyledon kumafunikira dzuwa lowala komanso lalitali.
Kutentha
M'nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kuyika mbewuyo m'chipinda chowala komanso chopanda bwino. Mphamvu yotentha pa nthawi yopuma ya cotyledon sioposa kutentha kwa madigiri 10. Mu nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe, kutentha kwambiri ndi madigiri 20 mpaka 21.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Popeza cotyledon ili ndi nsalu zomwe zimakhala ndi malo osungirako chinyezi, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'chipindacho sikufunikira zambiri kwa iwo. Mpweya wouma sungakhale ndi vuto pachomera.
Kuthirira
Kufunika kwa kuthirira kwa cotyledon kumadalira nyengo. Mwachitsanzo, panthawi yokometsa komanso mutaponya masamba, kuthirira sikumachitika. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndi kufika kwa yophukira - tikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira mbewuyo pang'ono. M'nthawi yonseyo, kuthirira kumachitika pamene nthaka imuma muchidebe chomera. Kutsirira kotsatira ndikofunikira pokhapokha dothi litakhala louma kwathunthu, mpaka pansi pamphika.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Kuvala kwapamwamba munthaka kumayikidwa kamodzi mu vtczw, kuyambira Marichi mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala. Ndikofunika kuthira manyowa ndikumavala pamwamba pa cacti.
Thirani
Kuika cotyledon kumalimbikitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe pakufunika. Mu thanki yatsopano, pansi pamafunika kuphimbidwa ndi dothi lokwanira, ndipo dothi liyenera kukhala ndi mchenga wowuma, peat, malo owetera, nthaka. Zigawo zonse ziyenera kumwedwa molingana.
Kuswana kwa Cotyledon
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Mizu yodzidulira imachitika mu gawo lapansi lapadera. Chidebe chokhala ndi zodula chimayikidwa m'chipinda chamthunzi, kutentha ndi madigiri khumi ndi khumi ndi asanu ndi atatu, kuthiriridwa pang'ono.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Dothi lofesa mbewu limakhala ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga wabwino komanso magawo awiri a nthaka yamasamba. M'zakudya zazing'ono ndi dothi losakanikirana, mbewu zimafesedwa pamtunda, zowazidwa ndi mchenga woonda, wowazidwa ndikuphimbidwa ndi galasi kapena wokutira pulasitiki wokutira.
Kusamalira mbewu yayikulu ndi:
- Kuyendetsa ndege pafupipafupi;
- Kutsitsa zokolola kudzera popopera mbewu mankhwalawa;
- Kutola kwa mbande panthawi yake.
Mbande zoonda, kusiya mtunda pakati pawo pafupifupi sentimita imodzi. Zomera zazikuluzi zimasinthidwa kukhala miphika yamaluwa pafupifupi 7 cm.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Masamba akuluakulu ndi mealybug.
Zizindikiro za matenda wamba zikuloweka ndikugwera masamba. Njira zopulumutsira - kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi othirira ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa kuthirira.
