Chakudya chochuluka cha nkhumba ndi chophatikizira chophatikizika chopangidwa ndi zinthu zoyengedwa komanso nthaka, mapuloteni ndi mavitamini ena owonjezera, proxes. Amapereka zakudya zabwino kwa nyama za mibadwo yosiyana ndi mitundu ina. Kudyetsa koyenera kumawonjezera zokolola za nkhumba ndi 30% poyerekeza ndi msipu. Zimathandizanso chitetezo chokwanira komanso zimachulukitsa kangapo tsiku lililonse kuwonda. Madyeredwe odyetsa amatha kudyetsa nkhumba kuyambira ali ang'ono kuti aphe.
Mitundu yazakudya ndi zowonjezera zake
Zosakaniza zophatikizika zimapangidwa ndi mlingo wathunthu ndipo zimatulutsa. Mtundu woyamba ndikudya kwathunthu ndipo sikutanthauza kuti muphatikizidwe ndi mankhwala ena aliwonse. Khazikika ndikuwonjezera pa chakudya chachikulu cha nkhumba. Ili ndi mapuloteni ambiri, mchere, mavitamini ndi zinthu zina. Zimakhazikika zimakulitsa kukula, kufanana kwa zinyalala ndi zokolola za nkhumba. Amapangidwa poganizira kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe alipo ndi michere ina yazakudya zazikulu.
Mtundu uliwonse wa chakudya uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pagulu linalake la nkhumba (nkhumba, nkhumba yoyatsira, boar, nyama zazing'ono).
Mwanjira, zosakanikirana zophatikizika zimagawidwa m'mitundu iyi:
- granular;
- chimanga;
- placer;
- mwana
Kuphatikiza pa kukhazikika pamtundu wokhazikika komanso wathunthu, imakhala ndi ma proxes. Izi zosakaniza bwino zitha kukhala ndi zigawo ziwiri mpaka 40, kutengera cholinga chake. Mu ma proxes mumakhala mchere wambiri, mavitamini, maantibayotiki, mankhwala ochepetsa komanso zina zambiri. Chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo, kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chachikulu kumachepetsedwa ndi 30%.
Chakudya chochuluka cha nkhumba chimatha kukhala ndi zosakaniza 12. Kukula kwakukulu (pafupifupi 50%) amapangidwa ndi mbewu ziwiri. Itha kukhala tirigu ndi oats kapena barele ndi chimanga. Mulinso yisiti yodyetsa, mchere, choko, mafuta ophikira, chakudya (keke), fupa (nsomba) ndi ufa wa alfalfa, primex. Kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza zomwe zimaphatikizidwa kumasiyanasiyana kutengera zaka za nyamayo ndi cholinga chake (kufesa kapena kunenepa chifukwa chakupha).
Malamulo ndi malamulo a kudya
Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa zomwe nkhumba izidya patsiku, muyenera kuganizira mtundu wake, zaka, jenda komanso kulemera kwake. Nkhumba zoyamwa zimapatsidwa 100-200 g pamutu uliwonse, ndipo miyezi theka 1.5 kg. Nkhumba yoyembekezera imadya mpaka 3.5 kg, ndi nkhumba yoyamwitsa mpaka 6 kg. Nthawi zambiri munthu wamkulu amachokera ku 2 mpaka 4 kg. Mitengo ya nkhumba yomwe yangobalidwa kumene imapatsidwa chakudya chokhala ndi kukula kwa ma pellet mpaka 8 mm. Ma piglets ang'onoang'ono amadyetsedwa kangapo patsiku, ndipo akuluakulu - 2 zina.
Ndikwabwino kupatsa nkhumba chakudya chochuluka momwe chimatha kudya nthawi yomweyo.
Ngati chakudya chochuluka cha nkhumba ndi nkhumba chimachitidwa ndi manja awo, ndiye kuti mbewu ndi zina zazikulu zimayikidwa pansi chopukusira. Kenako zowonjezera zina zonse zimawonjezeredwa ndipo chilichonse chimasakanizidwa bwino.
Kusasinthika kwa zosakaniza kungakhale pamitundu iyi:
- madzi - gawo limodzi lamadzi mpaka magawo atatu a kuphatikiza kophatikiza;
- wandiweyani - 1 mpaka 2,5;
- phala lamadzimadzi - 1 mpaka 2;
- phala lakuda - 1 mpaka 1.5;
- chonyowa placer - chakudya chamadzimadzi chosakanikirana;
- placer youma - 0,5 mpaka 1.
Mbewu sayenera kuwiritsa, chifukwa ndiye kuti imataya zakudya zake zambiri.
Nkhumba zocheperako zimapatsidwa chomera chonyowa kapena phala lolimba, chifukwa mwanjira iyi zimatha kulowa. Kutentha kwa chakudya cha nkhumba kuyenera kukhala osachepera + 30 ° C. Itha kusakaniza mbatata, kaloti, beets, mkate kapena nandolo. Kuchepetsa ndi madzi pokhapokha musanadye, komanso muyeso kuti umadyedwa nthawi. Kupanda kutero, imawonongeka, ndipo izi zitha kuyambitsa kukhumudwa m'mimba mwa nyama. Osakaniza mu mawonekedwe a phala lamadzimadzi amadyetsedwa kwa akuluakulu. Mosiyana ndi nkhumba, njere yaiwo imaphwanyidwira pakati kapena kukula, ndipo primex imawonjezedwanso. Kwa 1 kg ya chakudya chouma kumawonjezera mpaka magalamu 100 a premix.
Kwa akufesa, ndikulimbikitsidwa kugula zosakaniza zapadera. Chifukwa ali ndi michere yambiri ndi mavitamini. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, popeza nkhumba zobadwa zokha zimalandira zonse zomwe zimafunikira mkaka.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubereka chakudya chouma chokhala ndi mkaka Whey kapena madzi, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuti chakudya chikhale bwino.
Ngati kuphatikako kuli kouma, ndiye kuti nkhumba zimayenera kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza madzi oyera. Zowonjezera zomwe zimakhala ndi maantibayotiki zimasiya kupatsa sabata musanaphedwe.
Mtengo wazopeza
Mtengo wa chakudya cha nkhumba umasiyana malinga ndi cholinga chake. Chifukwa chake "Starter" wodyetsa nkhumba kuyambira tsiku loyamba amatenga pafupifupi ma ruble 1000 pachikwama chimodzi cholemera 40 kg. "Kukula" kwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 90 mpaka 130 - ma ruble 900, ndi "Finisher" kwa nkhumba kuyambira masiku 130 - ma ruble 800. Zakudya zapadera zogwirizira zonenepa, mwachitsanzo K-58, zimatenga ndalama kuchokera ku ruble 600 mpaka 800. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza zonse zodyetsa ziweto zonse zopanda mchere. Amadyetsa mbalame, akalulu, nkhumba ndi akavalo. Mtengo kuchokera ku 500 mpaka 650 rubles pa 40 kg.
Poganizira kuchuluka kwa chakudya cha nkhumba, opanga ambiri amagula okonzeka. Popeza osakaniza amakhala okwanira ndipo safuna zowonjezera. Chitani nokha ndiopindulitsa kwambiri, koma osati zochuluka, ndipo muyenera kupeza zosakanizira zonse.
