Ma masharubu agolide amatchedwanso fungo lonunkhira, dzina lodziwika bwino ndi spironema onunkhira. Ichi ndi chomera cha banja la Commeline, chomwe chili ndi mitundu yopitilira 50 komanso mitundu yopitilira khumi.
Dziko lokhalamo ndevu zagolide ndi ku South America, ndipo wachibaleyo ndi tradescantia. Anayamba kuzolowera mmera "moyo wapanyumba" zaka pafupifupi 100 zapitazo. Zinkafika ku Russia zaka makumi angapo zapitazo ndipo nthawi yomweyo adapambana ulemerero wa dotolo wakuyimira pafupi ndi aloe, geranium ndi Kalanchoe.
Zolemba Pamphesi za Golide
Ambiri wamaluwa amatcha golide masharubu dichoricandra, osati spironem. Izi ndi mbewu ziwiri zosiyana za banja limodzi. Ndiwofanana mawonekedwe, zomwe zimayambitsa chisokonezo.
Dichoricandra ilibe "antennae" konse, ndipo maluwa ake ndi ofiirira, osati oyera. Kuphatikiza apo, ilibe zinthu zochiritsa ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera. Madera ake akukula nawonso ndi osiyana.
Ma ndevu agolide amatha kuthana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana - sizachabe kuti kalekale amatchedwa "Madzi amoyo"Mayina" masharubu aku Mexico "ndi" Chimanga cha ginseng alandanso mizu. Tikukhulupirira kuti mbewuyo idalowa ku Europe kudzera mu katundu wakunja, njira yomwe inkadutsa nyumba za amonke ndi akachisi a Kummawa.
Amonke a komweko amagwiritsa ntchito duwa lokongoletsera ngati zokongoletsera nyumba zawo, ndipo posakhalitsa adazindikira. kuchiritsa katundu, pambuyo pake kulima kudayamba. Manja awo, duwa linayamba kutchedwa "Oriental Whisker" kapena "Chomera Cha Kummawa."
Zachidziwikire kuti amonkewa sanasankhe nthawi yomweyo kugawana zomwe apeza padziko lapansi, koma patapita nthawi, chinsinsi chake sichinakhalepo. Iwo adayamba kulankhula za chomeracho, adayamba kuzindikira kulemera kwa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali ndipo kenako adasinthanso kuti ndevu zagolide.
Maonekedwe a ndevu zagolide
Ichi ndi chomera chachikulu chamuyaya chomwe chimatha kukula mpaka mita mita. Zowona, zimakula pang'onopang'ono, kunyumba zimakula mpaka 30 cm kutalika mpaka 100-120 cm mulifupi. Ngati pali thandizo, timuyo timayamba, mwinanso timafalikira pansi.
Mukamakula ma tubercles pa thunthu, pang'onopang'ono imasanduka maphukira osiyana - "masharubu". Iwo, amaphatikiza "mafupa" angapo ndikutha ndi zigawo zamasamba. Uwu ndiye mtundu woyamba wa mphukira womwe uli woyenera kufalikira pamene "masharubu" atembenuka.
Mtundu wachiwiri umapangidwa masamba akhazikitsidwaomwe amafika 20-25 masentimita m'litali ndi 5-6 masentimita mulifupi. Amapangidwa mosiyanasiyana, zitsulo zawo zimayandikana, chifukwa ambiri amakhulupirira kuti iyi ndi malo amodzi.
M'mawonekedwe, masamba amafanana ndi chimanga - yemweyo kwamtundu komanso wandiweyani. Pakupuma, mutha kuwona tsitsi lochepera, chifukwa chomwe anthu amatcha "mashalubu" kapena "tsitsi lamoyo".
Kutengera chisamaliro ndi nyengo, mavuvu agolide amatha kuphuka. Maluwa oyera oyera amapangidwa pamwamba pa mphukira. Amakhala ndi fungo labwino lomwe tingaliyerekeze ndi kakombo wa m'chigwa kapena wa hyacinth.
Mphamvu zochiritsa za masharubu agolide
Mvuvu zagolide ndi njira yabwino komanso yotsika mtengo yothandizira matenda ambiri, kulima sikudzakhala vuto. Mbiri yake njanji:
Imasinthasintha chimbudzi ndi njira yozungulira komanso yopuma.- Ndi pinkiller.
- Zimathandizira kukhazikitsa ntchito ya ndulu, m'mimba ndi ziwalo zam'mimba.
- Imakhala ndi machiritso ndipo imathandizira kuthana ndi matenda a pakhungu, nyamakazi, zilonda, mabala, chimanga ndi chisanu.
- Imalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi komanso luso la maselo omwe amachititsa chitetezo cha microflora ya pathogenic.
- Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thrombophlebitis, stroke, shuga mellitus.
Imasinthasintha chimbudzi ndi njira yozungulira komanso yopuma.Konzekerani ku chomera mafuta, infusions, decoctions, mafuta, compress ndi zina zambiri. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito masharubu golide kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto ndipo sikuyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi dokotala. Ana akuletsedwa mwamphamvu kutenga chomera chilichonse.
Werengani zambiri zamomwe machiritso a ma ndevu agolide ndi maphikidwe azaumoyo amayendera: //klumba.guru/komnatnye-rasteniya/zolotoy-us-lechebnyie-svoystva-i-protivopokazaniya.html
Kusamalira Zomera Panyumba
Kukula ndevu zagolide ndizovuta: ndizosalemekeza kwambiri ndipo zimangofunika kuti usaiwale za izi. Ngakhale alimi a novice amatha kulima bwino.
Mtengowo umamverera bwino kwambiri + 25−27 madigiri ndi chinyezi chochepa - mpaka 60%. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kutsika kutentha osapondera pakhomo la +12 madigiri. Mpweya wabwino pafupipafupi umalimbikitsidwa, m'chilimwe mphika umatha kusamutsidwa kwathunthu kupita khonde kapena msewu.- Kuti masamba apewe utoto wofiirira, ndikofunikira kuyika ndevu zagolide pansi pa dzuwa. Mwanjira iyi, imayamba kukula m'mimba, nthawi zambiri imakulira kumtunda. Popita nthawi, zidzakhala zofunika kumangiriza tsinde la mbewuyo kuthandizira kuti ikule bwino.
- Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo, koma pafupipafupi m'mawa. Zomera sizikhala dothi louma - ndibwino kuti zitsime. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, koma ngati chipindacho chili chotentha, m'malo mwake, limbitsani ndi kupopera masamba kuti masamba asaphwe.
- Masamba ambiri pakadutsa masiku angapo amatha kuthiridwa ndi madzi ofunda, osakhazikika kuti achotse litsiro ndikutsitsimutsa. Ngati mphika suli wolemera, ungasamutsidwe kusamba ndikuwotcha madzi.
- Chomera chatsopano chikukula mwachangu, ndipo pambuyo pake chimachepetsa kukula mwachangu. Mu zaka zochepa zoyambirira zimayenera kusinthidwa mumphika wokulirapo pachaka, ndiye kuti mutha kudziletsa kuti muwone mizu ndi kuvala pamwamba.
- Mukamasankha mphika, ndikofunikira kuyimitsa pamalopo a ceramic okhala ndi mabowo akulu pansi (mabowo amkokomo) kuti madzi azitha. Pansi pake, mutha kuyikanso ngalande ndi chidutswa cha 5-10 mm kapena kutsanulira chisakanizo cha mchenga wamadzi ndi zipolopolo za mazira.
Mtengowo umamverera bwino kwambiri + 25−27 madigiri ndi chinyezi chochepa - mpaka 60%. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kutsika kutentha osapondera pakhomo la +12 madigiri. Mpweya wabwino pafupipafupi umalimbikitsidwa, m'chilimwe mphika umatha kusamutsidwa kwathunthu kupita khonde kapena msewu.Ma ndevu agolide ndi odzikweza ndipo imatha kumera m'nthaka yosavuta. Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito loam ndi kuwonjezera kwa mchenga wamtsinje ndi mazira kapena kupanga msanganizo wowonjezera kutentha kwa humus ndi turf powonjezera mchenga pang'ono. Feteleza zachilengedwe zomwe zimakhala ndi nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza.
Kuswana masharubu
Panjira yoyamba kubereka, ma rosette amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amapangidwa kumapeto kwa mphukira zopyapyala za utoto wofiirira. Zabwino kudula ndikuviika m'madzi pa ¾ ndikunyamuka kwa masabata 1-2, kuti mizu ithenso kulimba.
Pambuyo pake, mphukira imatha dzikani dothikusakaniza ndi mchenga ndi mazira. Poyamba, mphika wawung'ono ukwanira, koma m'kupita kwanthawi chifuwa chachikulu chidzafunika. Ndikwabwino kufalitsa masharubu agolide mchaka kapena pakugwa.
Njira inanso imafunikira kuti pasakhale kulowererapo kwa munthu. Nthawi zina mphukira zimagwada kwambiri mpaka zigawo zikafika pansi komanso mizu yawoyawo. Atakhazikika, tumphukira amatha kukumba ndi kuuyika, kapena kusiyidwa ndi "kholo".
Mapaundi angapo agolide amayang'ana bwino mumphika wambiri: palimodzi, chitsamba chimawoneka chokongola kwambiri komanso chokongola. Ngati mungaganize zopatulira mbewuzo, ndikulowetsani mphukirayo ndi madzi ambiri ndikuyiphimba ndi kapu pulasitiki kwa masiku 3-4 kuti mupange kutentha kwamphepo. Kenako "achichepere" amasamutsidwa m'chipindacho ndikuchepetsa masiku angapo.
Zothekanso gwiritsani ntchito mphukira zazitalikuziwazika m'nthaka. Komabe, njirayi siyabwino kwenikweni kuposa yoyamba ndi yachiwiri: mbewu zambiri sizimakhala ndi mizu.
Mutha kudzala ndevu zagolide osati kunyumba mumphika. Amakhala bwino mu nyumba zanyumba zam'chilimwe, m'malo obiriwira komanso pansi pa kanema. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza nthaka yotseguka ndi phulusa ndi superphosphate.
Malangizo kuchokera kwa wamaluwa waluso
Ngakhale kuti chisamaliro chakunyumba chamlomo wamlomovu sichimabweretsa zovuta, pali mfundo zingapo zomwe ndizofunikira kuyang'anira:
ngati mawanga a bulauni adawoneka pamasamba, ndipo malangizowo adayamba kuuma, muyenera kuyang'anira kusowa kwa madzi ndi kuchuluka kwa dzuwa, izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha kusowa kwa mchere m'nthaka;- masamba otsika atayamba kuvunda, pakhoza kukhala vuto m'madzi owonjezera kapena kutentha kwambiri;
- mawanga achikasu amatha kuwonetsa kudyetsedwa ndi kuthirira kosayenera, izi zimatsogolera pakupukuta kwa magwiridwe, ndipo chomeracho sichikhala chopepuka.
ngati mawanga a bulauni adawoneka pamasamba, ndipo malangizowo adayamba kuuma, muyenera kuyang'anira kusowa kwa madzi ndi kuchuluka kwa dzuwa, izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha kusowa kwa mchere m'nthaka;Masharubu agolide samakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo toopsa, safunikira kutetezedwa. Kuti muthe kutaya ndi kupukutira ndi kangaude wofiyira, muyenera kupumira mchipindacho ndikuvulira masamba.
Ngati kupewa sikuthandiza, muyenera utsi wamasamba ndi kachilombo, kuphimba ndi thumba ndikuchoka kwa masiku angapo.
Njira yachiwiri yothetsera vutoli ndi kupopera masamba ndi kusakaniza fodya ndi sopo ochapira. Izi zikuthandizira kupanga filimu yowonjezereka pamasamba omwe tizirombo titha kutha.
Makinade onyenga a golide ndi abwino kwa onse odziwa bwino ntchito zamaluwa komanso oyamba kumene. Kuwona malamulo osavuta akothirira ndikusankha malo oyenera mmera, mutha kuyiwala za zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndi maluwa okhalitsa kwanthawi yayitali.
