Nthawi yonse yamasika komanso yotentha amabisa tchire losawoneka bwino m'munda wamaluwa, kupatsa chidwi oyendetsa ndege. Yendani pafupi naye osayang'ana. Kuphatikiza maluwa kwamaluwa okongola, dahlias, aquilegia, daisies, mallow ndi wamanzere, mwana wamkazi wamfumu wofatsa amabisala zovala zake zosawoneka bwino. Koma, ndi kuyamba kwa nthawi yophukira, mitundu ya chilimwe itatha, maluwa mu maluwa opukutidwa, owuma ndi kufota, mfumukazi ya autumn, chrysanthemum, imatenga. Mitundu yowala bwino padera apa ndi apo, tsopano imakopa maso ndi kutisangalatsa mpaka chisanu.
Dziko lakwawo la chrysanthemum ndi Far East, komwe kuyambira kale anthu anali kulima. Achichaina kuyambira nthawi zakale adayamba kukongoletsa minda yawo ndi chrysanthemum. Komabe, zokonda zidaperekedwa kwa mitundu yayikulu-yayikulu ya chrysanthemums yobzala mumiphika. Chomera ichi chinali chida chapadera chokongoletsera mabedi a maluwa ndi nyumba zogona.
Pambuyo pake, m'zaka za VI, chrysanthemum anasamuka ku China kupita ku Japan, kumene kulima kwamtundu wamtunduwu kunadzakhalanso ndi chikhalidwe chosiyana. Ma Chrysanthemums, omwe amakhalabe owoneka bwino, amasangalala ndi kupembedza kwapadera ku Japan. Mitundu yotere imalimidwa m'minda ya pakachisi ndipo ndi gawo la chikhalidwe cha dziko. Chrysanthemum ya Japan ndi chizindikiro cha moyo wautali, kuphatikiza apo, yapatsidwa ulemu kukhala chizindikiro cha dziko lotuluka dzuwa.
Mu 1789, chikhalidwe cha kulima chrysanthemum chidapita kumadzulo ku Europe. Azungu, mwanjira yachilendo kwa iwo, afalitsa mitundu yodabwitsayi yazomera komanso chidziwitso cha njira zomwe amalimidwa kudera lonse. Zowona, tsopano zokonda zamtchire zomwe zimakonda. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mafashoni okulitsa ma chrysanthemums abwerera ku Japan. Tsopano chikhalidwe chazambiri chokulira chamaluwa akuluakulu chikukulira kumeneko ndi chikhalidwe chatsopano chongokulira chrysanthemums.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chrysanthemum
Masiku ano tikudziwa mitundu pafupifupi 650 ya chrysanthemums. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya ma chrysanthemums ophatikizira ndi awa:
1. Cirrus chrysanthemums wokhala ndi maluwa awiri, ndipo ma petals amabisa kwathunthu pakati pa duwa;
2. Ma chrysanthemums osaphatikizidwa kawiri - maluwa amafanana ndi chamomile, awa ndi maluwa osalala okhala ndi pakati poyera, okhala ndi mizere umodzi kapena angapo;
3. Ma Chrysanthemums amakhala amwano kapena ngati nthula, ofanana kwambiri ndi mitengo yoyipa, koma ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali
4. Pompon chrysanthemums, othandiza kuzungulira mawonekedwe, okhala ndi ma terry inflorescence ang'ono;
5. Ma Chrysanthemums ndi anemone, ofanana ndi theka-koma, koma okhala ndi pakati.
6. Chrysanthemums ndi mawonekedwe a supuni, omwe maluwa ake amawonjezeka pamapikisano, ofanana ndi supuni.
7. Zodabwitsa chrysanthemums, mitundu yatsopano yobala ku Japan. Mwakuchita izi, awa ndi ma chirsanthemums acirrus, koma okhala ndi mafelemu owonjezereka.
8. Gulu lapadera la ma chrysanthemums osagwira ozizira ndi ma chrysanthemums aku Korea. Gulu ili la chrysanthemums limalekerera kuzizira bwino, ndichifukwa chake amatchuka m'malo ozizira. Amatha nyengo yachisanu pobisalira.
Chisamaliro
Chrysanthemum chitsamba - chomera cha Photophilous. Kubzala ndikofunikira kum'mwera kwa dimba la maluwa.
Shrub chrysanthemum imakonda dothi labwino, lotayirira. Nthaka yachonde iyenera kuthiridwa manyowa kapena phula lowongoka, koma osazunzidwa, apo ayi chitsambachi chidzayamba kukula mwachangu chobiriwira, ndipo maluwa adzachedwa.
Chrysanthemum imabzalidwa tsiku lamitambo. Mutabzala tchire pansi, kutsina chitsamba - kufupikitsa zitsamba zonse. Pambuyo pa masabata atatu mutabzala, sinthani chitsamba kachiwiri, ndikuphukira kumtunda kwa tsinde ndi mfundo ziwiri.
Mdani woyamba wa chitsamba chrysanthemum ndi chinyezi chambiri. Kufewetsa mizu kumatsogolera ku kuvunda kwake. Chifukwa chake, chitsambachi chiyenera kubzalidwa mchaka pamalo okwera pang'ono. Thirirani mbewuyo pang'ono, koma pafupipafupi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofewa (oyimirira kapena amvula) kuthirira.
M'masiku otentha kwambiri, chidwi chachikulu chiyenera kulipidwa. Masamba achidule a chrysanthemums amatha "kuwotcha", omwe angawononge bwino maluwa amtsogolo. Zingokhala zokwanira nthawi imeneyi kuwonjezera kuthirira ndikutchingira chitsamba pang'ono.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, kusinthana organic ndi mchere. Feteleza wachilengedwe zakonzedwa motere. Thirani ndowa ya mullein ndi zidebe zitatu za madzi ndikuwumitsa kwa masiku atatu. Kenako timathira 1 lita imodzi ya kulowetsedwa ndi malita 10 a madzi. Sambani bwino ndikuwonjezera 1 lita pansi pamizu ya chitsamba. yankho. Ndikofunika kuchita njirayi mumvula kapena mukangoichotsa, kuti dothi lonyowa.
Kuti yambitsa kukula kwa chitsamba, feteleza wa nayitrogeni amawonjezeredwa, ndipo munthawi yophukira, phosphorous ndi potashi. Maluwa akangotuluka, chomera sichifunikanso umuna.
Kusamaliranso kwa chrysanthemum yopopera sikovuta. Ndikokwanira kuthilira, kumasula nthaka, kumasula udzu.
Mbale zaphokoso zaphokoso za sapsa chrysanthemums ndizothandiza kwa nsabwe za m'masamba. Pofuna kuti asayendeyende, ndikofunikira kuthira chitsamba ndi Aktofit kapena Ratibor solution. Ndondomeko ikuyenera kuchitika katatu pakukhazikika.
