Kutanthauzira kuchokera ku Latin, dzina "valerian" limatanthawuza "kukhala wathanzi." Valerian pakutha kukhazika mtima pansi, bweretsani chisangalalo, muchepetsani kugunda, musanale, muchepetsani khunyu, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Greece. Ku Russia, kusanganikirana kwa valerian ngati mankhwala opangira mankhwala adakonzedwa koyamba m'munda wazomera woyang'aniridwa ndi Peter I. Pakadali pano, valerian imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri monga mankhwala ndi wowerengeka azitsamba matenda ambiri. Valerian amalimidwa ngati chomera cham'madzi pakati pa njira zapakati komanso kum'mwera. Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano ndi youma popanga mankhwala ndi mankhwala othandizira. Mubuku lino, tiona mwachangu za valerian: momwe achire amathandizira pa thupi, kapangidwe ka mankhwala, kuthekera kogula mankhwala opangira mankhwala komanso kukula kunyumba.
Valerian officinalis - katundu, mawonekedwe a kukula ndi kututa.
Kufotokozera kwa Botanical kwa Valerian
M'magulu amakono, Valerian ndi wa gulu laling'ono la Valerianaceae la banja la Honeysuckle. Valerian officinalis Chodziwikitsidwa pambali ina - Valeriana officinalis. Anthuwa ali ndi magulu ambiri ofananitsa, omwe dzina lawo ndi "udzu wamphaka".
Malo obadwira valerian ndi Mediterranean. Ku Russia, mu vivo, valerian imagawidwa kumadera onse aku Europe akum'mwera, mzere wam'mapiri ndi nkhalango zowirira, ku Caucasus, Siberia, ndi Far East. Ndi ya gulu la mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi chinyontho chokulirapo, chifukwa chake limamera makamaka m'malo otentha, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, m'madambo, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango zowirira.
Valerian officinalis ndi herbaceous osatha, mpaka 1.5-2.0 m kutalika, amakonda pang'ono. M'chaka choyamba, amapanga duwa lamasamba oyambira, ndipo lachiwiri ndi lotsatira limatulutsa zitsamba zazitali zowongoka, zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe osaboweka mkatikati, ndi utoto wofiirira pansipa, womwe nthambi kumtunda kwa mbewu. Tsamba limakutidwa ndi poyambira. Masamba a tsinde amapezeka moyang'anizana, amatalika pang'onopang'ono pamiyendo, omwe ali pamwamba amakhala owoneka bwino. Masamba ophika amagawika magawo (awiri 4-11), osagawidwa mokhazikika, magawo a serrate.
Maluwa ang'onoang'ono ochokera ku valerian okhala ndi ma pinki oyera amtunduwu amaunjikidwa maambulera otakasuka (mutapenda mosamala, awa ndi corymbose-panicrate inflorescences), omwe amakhala pamwamba pa nsonga za nthambi. Limamasulidwa kuyambira zaka khumi zapitazi za Meyi mpaka pakati pa Ogasiti. Chipatsocho ndi kakang'ono pang'ono koyerekeza kofananira ndi dzira la nkhuku mawonekedwe akunja. Mbewu zimakololedwa kuyambira Julayi mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala.
Mbali yodziwika ya valerian ndi fungo linalake, lomwe limaperekedwa kwa mbewu ndi mafuta ofunikira. Mafuta enieni enieni a valerian ali ndi kukoma kokoma. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zonunkhira, popatsa zonunkhira zamitundu ina zonunkhira zosasunthika, zonunkhira, zakuya, zolembera zonunkhira za nkhalango yobiriwira.
Tcherani khutu! Pakadutsa bwino valerian, midges nthawi zambiri imadzaza, ikakopeka ndi fungo lamphamvu lamatabwa a basamu. Fungo lamphamvu lopanda tanthauzo, limalowa kudziko lapansi lopuma ndi kusinkhasinkha.
Pamtunda wa masentimita 10 mpaka 10, pamakhala dothi laku valerian lomwe limakhala ngati mizu yopyapyala mpaka masentimita 10-12. Mtundu wa rhizome ndi mizu yakunja ndi wakuda wonyezimira, pakupwinyika - nthawi zambiri imakhala yachikasu. Mizu yotsatana imakhala yocheperako, yosiyanitsidwa ndi mpweya. Kukoma kumayaka, kuwawa pang'ono.
Mu valerian, rhizome yokhala ndi mizu imasiyana ndi ma rhizomes ena amera yamaambulera okhala ndi fungo lakuthwa, lotchulidwa mwachindunji, lomwe limawoneka bwino kwambiri kumanja achimuna. Kapangidwe kameneka kamafanana ndi ferromones achikazi, omwe amasangalatsa amuna amuna. Kupumira kununkhira kowoneka bwino, amphongo agwa.
Mbali yodziwika ya valerian ndi fungo linalake, lomwe limaperekedwa kwa mbewu ndi mafuta ofunikira.
The mankhwala zikuchokera valerian
Chithandizo chachikulu ndi mafuta ofunikira, omwe amapezeka pachomera chonsecho, koma amadziunjikira mu mizu ndi ma rhizomes a wamkulu, wopangidwa bwino ndi mbewu. Valerian ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera azinthu zomwe ndizofunikira kwa munthu. Izi zikuphatikizapo ma tannins, alkaloids, organic acids (malic, formic, butyric, stearic, acetic). Mizu ndi ma rhizomes ali ndi ma macro- ndi ma microelements ambiri, kuphatikizapo calcium, iron, zinc, potaziyamu, manganese, magnesium, selenium, ndi zina zambiri.
Machiritso a valerian
Mafuta ofunikira a Valerian amachepetsa mphamvu yamanjenje, kuchepetsa kupindika kwa minofu yosalala ndi ziwiya zama coronary, kuchepetsa kukhathamiritsa, kuthandiza kuchepetsa kukakamiza, kupereka mphamvu pakusintha kwamanjenje, khunyu, kupindika, ndi migraines. Amathandizanso kugona ndikukhazikika, kumathandizira magazi.
Kupanga kwapadera kwa mankhwala a rhizome ndi valerian muja amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri opanga mankhwala omwe ali ndi phindu pazakudya zam'mimba, ndi matenda ena a chiwindi, ducts ya bile ndi ndulu. Valerian ali ndi tanthauzo lenileni mu toxicosis ya amayi apakati.
Kuyambira kale, valerian wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe ndi anthu azitsamba. Mwanjira zopanga zopanga ndi ma infusions am'madzi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choleretic, anticonvulsant, anthelmintic, antiemetic. Anthuwa amawona kuti valerian ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito hypochondria, kupweteka mutu, komanso ulemu.
Kukonzekera kuchokera ku valerian mu pharmacopoeia yovomerezeka ndi njira zina zamankhwala zimayesedwa ngati "thandizo" loyamba la matenda ambiri.
Zouma zophatikizidwa za Valerian officinalis.
Njira zakukonzera nyimbo kunyumba
Kuphatikizika kwa Valerian pamadzi
Supuni ya tiyi ya zida zosaphika zouma imathiridwa mu kapu (200 ml) yamadzi ozizira oyeretsedwa. Kuumirira kutentha kwa firiji kwa maola 6-8. Tengani katatu pa tsiku kwa maola 0,5 musanadye.
Mlingo: akulu - supuni 1, ana - supuni imodzi.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chogwirizira chifukwa cha chisangalalo chamanjenje, chipwirikiti, hypochondria, kupweteka mutu komanso kupweteka mtima.
Valerian Msuzi
Supuni ya tiyi yaiwisi yowuma imathiridwa mu kapu (200 ml) yamadzi oyeretsedwa. Bweretsani chithupsa, thimitsani kutentha, kuzizira kwa firiji.
Tengani supuni 1:
- ndi kusowa tulo asanagone;
- ndi neurasthenia, boma losangalala, hysteria - katatu patsiku mutatha kudya;
- kupweteka m'mimba ndi kusintha chimbudzi - katatu patsiku kwa maola 0,5 musanadye.
Ndi khunyu, herbalists amalimbikitsa kuti azisamba wodwala tsiku lililonse tsiku lililonse kuti adulidwe. 400-500 g yazowuma zosaphimba zidagona mu chopukusira cha khofi, chothira ndi malita 2 a madzi, owiritsa kwa maola awiri. Kuziziritsa, zosefera ndikuwonjezera kusamba lomwe lakonzedwa kuti lisambe.
Ndikwabwino kugula ma tinctures a mowa, ma extracts, ma valerian powonda mumasitolo ogulitsa mankhwala.
Muzu wa Valerian officinalis.
Kodi pali zotsutsana ndi valerian?
Kugwiritsa ntchito valerian, monga mankhwala ena, kumakhala ndi malire. Pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali (kuposa miyezi 1-2) zochulukirapo, kukonzekera kwa valerian kumalepheretsa dongosolo lamanjenje, komanso kugaya chakudya, kumayambitsa nseru ndi mutu. Kugona, kukhumudwa, chizungulire ngakhale kusangalala kwamanjenje, kusokonezeka kwakugona kwambiri kumawonekera.
Mankhwala amapatsirana kwa odwala omwe samadwala matendawa, amalolera matendawa ndimankhwala, zilonda zam'mimba, gastritis yovuta, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Zochizira ana, kukonzekera kwa valerian kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhapokha mukaonana ndi dokotala.
Samalani: Musanagwiritse ntchito valerian kwa nthawi yayitali, ngati othandizira, onetsetsani kuti mwakumana ndi dokotala.
Zomwe mungaitanitse, kugulira ndi kusungiramo mankhwala a valerian
Pazifukwa zochizira, mizu ndi ma rhizomes a valerian amakololedwa. Kukumba ndi kusunthira pansi panthaka za valerian kumayamba kuyambira chaka chachiwiri cha moyo wachomera. Ma Rhizomes okhala ndi mizu amakumbidwa mbewuzo zitaphukika pomwe pamwamba pamtunda pouma. Mutha kukumba ma rhizomes nthawi ya masika, koma mtundu wa zida zopangira panthawiyi ndiwotsika.
Rhizome yokhala ndi mizu ya valerian ili chapamwamba masentimita 10-15, kotero kufooketsa kumatsogolera kumafosholo a bayonet. Kutsukidwa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pansi, kuyesera kuti musavulaze pamwamba pazoyesedwa. Sambani zovala nthawi zonse pansi pamadzi. Ma rhizomes ochulukirapo amaduladulidwa mzidutswa (mpaka 10cm) ndikuwoloka ndikufalikira ndi masentimita 10-15. Ithauma zouma pansi pamtunda, ndikufalikira ndi wosaposa masentimita 5. Popewa zida zamtunduwu kuti zisawonongeke, nthawi zambiri zimapendekeka ndi kuzisintha.
Mukayanika m'malo owuma kwambiri, chonyowa chimayamba kupukutidwa mumapangidwe osinthidwa, ndikusunthira ku chowumitsa ndikuchiwonjezera chomwe chimatchedwa "kuyanika kuzizira". Kutentha muzowuma kotero kumasungidwa mkati mwa + 30 ... + 35 ° С. Kutentha kocheperako kumatha kuyambitsa zopangira zovunda, ndipo pamatenthedwe ochulukirapo mafuta ofunikira akuyamba - gawo lalikulu la zida zopangira mankhwala.
Kuyanika kwa Valerian kumawonedwa ngati kwathunthu ngati ma rhizomes amatha mosavuta. Zinthu zouma zimasungidwa zaka zitatu m'chipinda chouma, m'matumba kapena m'matumba opangidwa ndi nsalu zachilengedwe, ndipo zimapangidwanso kuchokera ku burlap.
Mizu youma bwino ndi ma rhizomes a valerian ali ndi fungo lachilendo, kununkhira pang'ono, kowawa.
Zipangizo zatsopano zopangira achire zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa masiku atatu.
Kuti mumve zambiri za malamulo osonkhanitsa, kuyanika ndi kusunga mankhwala azitsamba, onani nkhani "Momwe mungatolere ndi kupukuta bwino mankhwala a mankhwala."
Mbande za Valerian officinalis.
Kukula valerian mdziko muno
Inde, mankhwala azitsamba ngati awa amafunikira nthawi zonse m'banjamo. Anthu ambiri okhala m'chilimwe amabzala mankhwala pamalo awo, pomwe amalima zitsamba zofunikira kwambiri komanso zotetezeka kwa mankhwala azakunyumba. Mndandandawu umaphatikizanso valerian.
Kubzala Valerian
Mbeu za Valerian zitha kugulidwa kapena kusungidwa palokha. Kumera mbewu 100% kumatheka pofesa panthaka yopanda nkhalango. Pa chernozems, ndibwino kuti muyambe kuyambitsa humus, ndikuchulukitsa kumasuka kwa dothi. Kubzala kumachitika mu yophukira kapena masika munthaka yonyowa m'njira wamba kapena yotsika. Mbeu zing'onozing'ono zimabzalidwe mpaka 0,5 masentimita kapena yokutidwa ndi dothi laling'ono mutabzala. Kuwombera pa kutentha kwa mpweya + 5 ... + 6 ° C kumawonekera patatha milungu iwiri. Kutentha kokwanira kwa mpweya wokula bwino ndi kutukuka kumachokera ku + 20 ... + 25 ° С.
Chisamaliro
Ngakhale hydrophilicity, valerian imatha kupirira chilala kwanthawi yayitali. Kusamalira kumakhala munthawi yochotsa namsongole ndikusunga dothi momasuka.
M'chaka choyamba, maluwa okhaokha a masamba a valerian amapangidwa. Kukonzanso kwa mwambowo kumayamba nthawi yomweyo chisanu chisanathe. Kubala ndi maluwa kuyamba kuyambira chaka chachiwiri m'masiku 40-45. Mu malo amodzi amatha kumera kwa nthawi yayitali. Mizu imakumba mchaka cha 2 ndi 3 cha kukula ndi kukula. Mbewu zipsa m'masiku 75-90. Ngati mbewu sizofunikira, ndiye kuti nsonga zimadulidwa pomwe inflorescence imawonekera. Kenako michereyo imapita kukapangira mizu yayikulu mu chomera.
Kusindikizidwa kwa Valerian
Kufalikira ndi mbewu za valerian kapena kugawaniza pachitsamba. Panthawi yofalitsa mbewu, mbewu yokonzedwa imafesedwa m'dzinja kapena masika. Mbewu zimataya kumera msanga, chifukwa kufesa kumachitika bwino ndi mbewu yatsopano yofesedwa.
Kubwezeretsa valerian pogawa tchire kumachitika mchaka, masamba asanaphuke pachomera. Kubzala tchire timagawika kuti nthitiyo ikhale ndi masamba angapo amoyo.
Kutolere zopusa valerian officinalis.
Zosonkhetsa zinthu zosawoneka bwino
Kutolere zopangira izinto kumachitika mutayanika kwa mlengalenga. Kusonkhanitsanso zopezeka pachitsamba chimodzi kuchitika palibe patapita chaka chimodzi. Ndikakumba monsemo ndi mizu, mbewu zimayikidwa mu fossa yopangidwanso kuti iberekenso.
Wokondedwa Reader! Munadziwana ndi mphamvu za Valerian officinalis, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake m'matenda angapo, kuthekera kodzikonzera nokha zakumwa zamankhwala ndikukula Valerian mdziko muno. Tiyeneranso kukumbukiranso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwa valerian kwa nthawi yayitali pamapeto a chithandizo ndikofunikira pokhapokha ngati adokotala akuwalimbikitsa. Khalani athanzi!
