Mothandizidwa ndi kukwera mbewu ndi mathandizi osiyanasiyana kwa iwo, mutha kutengera kapangidwe ka mundawo m'magawo atsopano. Koma pankhani yopeza mapangidwe ndi njira zabwino kwambiri zothandizira minda ya mpesa, zonse ndizosavuta. Othandizira sayenera kungogwira ntchito zofunikira, komanso amakumana ndi zomwe mbewu zomwe zikukwera zokha, zimakhala zolimba, zodalirika komanso zoyenera kutengera mundawo. Pali malamulo ambiri posankha mathandizi a mipesa yomwe mumakonda, komanso ma nuances omwe ndiofunika kuwayang'anira.
Kusankha chithandizo chothandizira kukwera mbewuMu malo oyamba - chomera, osati chithandizo
Pokhala chida chimodzi chofunikira kwambiri pakulima dambo, mipesa ya m'munda sidziwa omwe akupikisana nayo pakuwongolera ntchito zofunika zokongoletsa. Kuchera mitengo pamalopo kuti kukongoletse zipilala ndi pergolas, zikwangwani ndi mipanda - pafupifupi chilichonse chimayenera kumera mitengo. Koma okwawa sangathe kugwira ntchito zawo popanda kuthandizidwa, kuwalola kukwera m'mwamba ndikuwonetsa kukongola kwawo.
Kusankha, kenako kuyika kwa othandizira kukwera mbewu, sikophweka konse. Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe, kukula ndi mtengo, pali zinthu zinanso zambiri zofunika kuzilingalira. Zolakwika pakusankha kwa othandizira siziloledwa. Mwamwayi, zovuta zomwe zimagwirizana ndi malamulo osankha maziko oyenerera kwa wopanga wina aliyense zimapezedwa ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwa mbewu zonse zomwe komanso njira zomwe zingawathandizire.
Pali mkangano wambiri pazomwe muyenera kusankha - chomera chokwera kapena thandizo. Popeza malowa amayikidwa poyamba, akukhulupirira kuti kapangidwe kake amasankhidwa koyamba, kenako mpesa ukadzalidwa kuti ukonde. Koma njira imeneyi sikuti nthawi zonse imakhala yolondola: kutali ndi mpesa uliwonse ungabzalidwe pakuthandizira kulikonse.
Mapangidwe onse awiriwa ndi mitundu yosiyana yokwera yomwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi zomwe amakonda. Ngati tikulankhula za pergolas zazikulu, zomwera kapena zina zazikulu zophatikizira ntchito yayikulu yomanga, ndi zida izi zomwe zimafunika kuziganizira kaye koyamba.
Nthawi zina zonse, kuyamba kusankha thandizo la liana sikuchokera kuzipangazo zokha, kuwerenga mtundu wawo ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, koma pofufuza zomwe zikukwera zomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito. Kupatula apo, zothandizira zotere zimasankhidwa payekha pamankhwala amodzi aliyense. Ndipo ngati mukufuna kuti chisankho chiziyenda bwino, ndibwino kuti mupange mawonekedwe a mbewu zomwe mukufuna kuti zikhale bwino.
Magulu A Vine
Musanapange mapangidwe ndikusankha ndendende momwe "mungakwezere" mpesawo kuti ukhale kutalika, ndikofunikira kuwunika mawonekedwe ake. Zomera zonse zomwe zikukwera ndizosiyana ndi zokongoletsera zokha komanso kukula kwake, komanso zochuluka, tenacity, komanso kuthekera kochotsa mbewu pachithandizo mtsogolomo. Kuchokera pamawonekedwe akulemera komanso machitidwe enieni, ma liana amagawika m'magulu atatu:
- Zomera zokwera mwamphamvukukwera kutalika kwa multimeter, ndikupanga unyinji waukulu wa mphukira wokhala ndi zaka kapena wokhala ndi mainchesi akulu, omwe kulemera kwake kumafuna kukhazikitsa kwa odalirika, othandizira olingana ndi katundu omwe akukumana nawo. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa actinidia kapena wisteria, mphesa za atsikana, ndi kukwera maluwa ndi ukalamba kumafuna kumangidwe kwa nyumba zodalirika.
- Wopepuka wopepuka, gawo la mlengalenga lomwe silikhala lovuta ngakhale patapita zaka, ndipo limasinthasintha, mphukira zomvera zimatha kukula pamathandizo osavuta kwambiri. Mitengo ya "kuwala" yomwe imakonda kuwala imakhala lemongrass ndi clematis, yomwe masamba ake osinthika ndi masamba opepuka amaloleza kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopepuka kwambiri.
- Kulima mbewu zomwe zimamera molimba kuchirikizakupanga kusatheka kuzichotsa. Izi zikuphatikiza kampsis, zomwe ndizosatheka kudzipatula kuthandizira, ngakhale ndikukhala ndi chidwi chachikulu.
Chithandizo chamtundu wa nsalu yotchinga yopangidwa ndi mzere wosodza wopendekera zitsamba zopepuka.
Mikhalidwe yosankha chithandizo chokwera mbewu
Zothandizira paminda yamphesa ndizosiyana kwambiri. Amasiyana osati mu zida ndi kukula, ma silhouette ndi ma contour, komanso magwiridwe antchito awo. Zothandizira zimathandizira kapena kugwirizira - kulola kuti zotsekemera ziwonjezeke kutalika kwathunthu ndikuwululira zenizeni za aliyense wokwera, kapena kupanga, kukhazikitsa chiwongolero cha liana kukula, silhouette ndi mawonekedwe a volumetric.
Posankha thandizo pakukwera, kukwera ndi kukwera mbewu, zinthu zitatu zofunika kuziganizira:
- Mayendedwe a kukula kwa mbewu, momwe angafunire ndi kusintha kwake.
- Ntchito yokongoletsera yomwe imathetseka ndikukhazikika pamunda ndikuyika maski, kutchinjiriza kwa maso amtengo, kuyambitsa ma vertical, kusewera mawonekedwe kapena silhouettes, kuyambitsa kuyanjanitsa, kuyang'ana m'maso, ndi zina zambiri.
- Malo omwe ali ndi malo ofananirana ndi nyumba ndi zina zazikulu - zokulira pafupi ndi khoma kapena mpanda, mpandawo kapena chinthu chaching'ono chomanga, ndikumakulika ngati gawo lopingasa mwamahema, ndikupanga zobiriwira kapena zowonekera pazingwe zosiyana, kubzala mumitengo yakale, etc. .
Mitundu yamagetsi yothandizira kukwera mbewu
Kugawikirana kwa mitundu itatu - mitundu yaying'ono ya zomanga, zomanga khoma ndi mbewu zayekha - ndikofunikira, koma kupatula pang'ono ndizothandiza kwambiri. Kupatula apo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa chipilalachi, ngakhale kuli kapangidwe kakang'ono, kumayandikira kwambiri ndi obelisk kapena piramidi kuposa a heavyweight pergola.
Kutengera ntchito yokongoletsera ndi cholinga chake, pali:
Chithandizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira ndege zapamtunda
Kusankha chothandizira chomera chakukwera, chomwe akufuna kubzala pa mpanda, m'makoma, makoma a nyumba ndikugwiritsa ntchito poyang'ana mawonekedwe, ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kukula mwachindunji pa nyumbayo ndi mipanda, pogwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kake kofunikira kwambiri ngati chithandizo sichabwino kwambiri.
Zowonjezera sizongokhala kuti njira zachilengedwe zomwe zimapatsa mabodza mwayi wothandizidwa nthawi zina zimakhala zolimba kwambiri kotero kuti amatha kuwononga makhoma ndi zida zawo, komanso ndi nkhani yaukhondo. Unyinji wobiriwira udzakulitsa chinyezi pansi pa mpesa, kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukuru ndi kuvala zokutira ndi zinthu, osatchula zotsatira za kupanga malo abwino azizilombo ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus.
Kusamalira chivundikiro cha khoma, makamaka zikafika popanga nyumbayo, ndizovuta komanso nthawi zambiri ndizosatheka, komanso ntchito yokonza. Chifukwa chake, pakukula minda ya mpesa ndi makhoma, nyumba, zomangira ndi mipanda, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito thandizo lina, lomwe lidzangokhala pafupi, koma osati pafupi ndi malo owonekera.
Kukula mbewu zokwezeka pamiyala kapena pamathandala othandizira, zokongoletsera zamatabwa ndi pulasitiki, kuwongolera ndi zingwe zowongolera, m'malo molunjika pamapangidwewo, kumachepetsa kuwonongeka ndikupeza ntchitoyo, osadzitchinjiriza nokha kuti mwina zingakhale zosamalidwa bwino.
Mtundu wa makoma amathandizidwa amasankhidwa bwino kutengera mtundu wa liana. Chifukwa chake, mphesa zamtchire kapena hydrangea zimadzuka mosavuta pazingwe kapena ma waya, pomwe ivy imakonda trellises, trellises, etc.
Mtunda wopita kumakoma ukhale wochepera, koma polekezera. Mwa zomangira zamatabwa, zokongoletsera ndi zothandizira zina zapafupi makamaka zimakhala 30 cm kuchokera kukhoma. Ndipo zachitsulo, mwala, zokutira zokumba, konkriti ndi njerwa - osachepera 40 cm.
Zothandizira clematis zobzalidwa pakhoma la nyumbaAmathandizira pazomera zomwe zimamera payekha - mawonekedwe a hema
Kulima mpesa uliwonse, womwe umangokhala njira yodziyimira payokha, pamisonkhano imatchedwa mtundu wopangidwira ngati tenti, ngati gawo lopatula, lokongola mosadukiza dengalo. Piramidi, ma obelis, matebulo, zipilala, mitengo yokomera imayikidwa m'malo opumulirapo kapena pamwamba pa benchi, pamwamba pa njanjiyo, ndikupanga magawo okongola, ndipo amaphatikizidwanso pakupanga mabedi amaluwa ndi rabatka.
Mapangidwe ndi mtundu wa zida zimasankhidwa molingana ndi kukula komanso kulemera kwa liana lokha, komanso mawonekedwe okongoletsa - kutengera mawonekedwe ake momwe akuwonekera komanso udindo wake pakupanga chithunzi chathunthu.
Amathandizira kuti apange mipanda ndi zikwangwani zochokera kuzomera zomwe zimakwera
Kupanga zowonera kapena makoma obiriwira kuchokera pakukwera mitengo ndikotheka chifukwa cha matabwa kapena ma mesh - zishango, ma trellise, trellises - maukonde ambiri ophatikizika kapena otambalala pakati pa "mzati" wodalirika.
Zothandizira zopangira zikulowa m'malo mwa matabwa, ma grid ndi ma grid amasinthidwa ndi zingwe zomata pakati pazipilala zodalirika, koma mawonekedwe azinthu zothandizira zotere samasintha. Sangoyenera mipesa yopepuka, yosinthika mosavuta komanso yopanga mosavuta, komanso amafunika kuti azilumikizidwa mokhulupirika pazoyambira.
Zipilala zazikulu komanso zazikulu zomanga
Payokha, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana zopindulitsa zazikulu kwambiri - pergolas, arbor otseguka, zogwirizira ndi makatani obiriwira. Mitengo yamphamvu komanso yayitali yamatabwa, yolumikizidwa kumtunda ndi matalala opingasa, chimango champhamvu chopangidwa ndi mapaipi othandizira achitsulo, chishango chokhala ndi "denga", chomwe chimakutidwa kwathunthu ndi mipesa, chimawoneka chowoneka bwino komanso chimakopa chidwi nthawi zonse.
Koma kulengedwa kwa zinthu zotere ndi ntchito yovuta kuposa kukhazikitsa arch yosavuta. Imathandizira pansi pa pergola kapena ngalande imafunika kukhazikika munthaka, ndipo kuphatikiza kwa ziwalo zokhazokha kukhala chinthu chimodzi cha zomangamanga kumafunikira maluso apadera.
Yang'anani mwatsatanetsatane komanso kubetcha kwotalikirapo
Kusankhidwa kwa machitidwe othandizira olimbitsa mipesa yam'munda kuyenera kuyamba ndi kuwunika kwa zida zomwe zingalimbane ndi katundu. Ngati mumagula zinthu zopangidwa ndi zopangidwa kale, nthawi zambiri wopanga akuwonetsa kuti ndi mitengo iti yomwe angagwiritse ntchito ndi kulemera kwakukulu komwe angathe kupirira. Koma pali malamulo ena osankhidwa mwapaderadera:
- kwa antennae ndi mipesa yokwera masamba, makulidwe a zinthu zazikuluzikulu zoyenera kukhala osachepera 3 cm;
- kwa mbewu zokwera, zomwe mphukira zake zimangirizidwa, ndi makapu oyamwa kapena kukwera kwa mizu, makulidwe amapangidwewo sikofunikira, chinthu chachikulu ndikukhazikika komanso katundu wokwanira;
- kwa mipesa yayikulu yokhala ndi mphukira zamatabwa, makulidwe osachepera amomwe amathandizira mu kapangidwe kake ndi 10 cm.
Kuthandizira pakukwera mbewu mu mawonekedwe a kuzungulira kwa khwalala kuti zikule bwino kwazomeraZida zopangira mitengo masiku ano zimaperekedwa kwambiri kotero kuti kusankha kumapangidwa bwino kwambiri kutengera mtundu wa mundawo ndi zomwe mumakonda. Ma pulasitiki ndi fiberglass, zomangira zitsulo, mitundu yamitundu, ma waya oyenera ayenera kukhala oyenera m'dera linalake.
Mukamasankha, munthu sayenera kuyiwala za zida zokongoletsera nyumba, zomangamanga zazing'ono, njinga zamtunda kapena malo, mipando yam'munda yogwiritsidwa ntchito: othandizira sayenera kunyansidwa ndi zinthu zina zokongoletsera zamunda.
Khalidwe, kudalirika, kukana kwa kutu pazomwezi, zomwe othandizira amapangidwira, ndizofunikira kwambiri zomwe sizinganyalanyazidwe. Zingwe zamatanda, zopangidwa kapena zoponyedwa, zitsulo zamakono, zida zamakono zopangira ndi pulasitiki ziyenera kukhala zolimba, zosagwirizana ndi chinyezi, chisanu, kutu kapena kulola kukonzanso pachaka ndi njira zapadera zomwe zimawalepheretsa.
Kukhazikika ndi kudalirika ndikofunikira pa chimangidwe chachikulu, ndipo zingwe, zingwe kapena zingwe, zopingasa ndi zina zowonjezera zomwe zimakongoletsa kapena kutumizira kuwongolera ndi kuwombera garter mothandizidwa.
Malamulo oyambira kukhazikitsa amathandizira pakukwera mbewu
Chithandizo cha zomanga zodzitchinjiriza ndi zomata ziyenera kuchitika zisanakhazikitse othandizira m'nthaka.
Ndikofunika nthawi zonse kukhazikitsa zothandizira musanadzalemo chokwera chokha. Lamuloli limawonedwa ngati lokakamiza kwa zigawo zolemera zokha zolemera, koma ngakhale ndi mipesa yopepuka, kukumba chothandizira kapena ntchito yomanga kuti ikonze kumatha kubweretsa zotsatira zosayembekezereka. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndi bwino kuchita kukhazikitsa zothandizira munthawi yake komanso patsogolo, pa gawo lokonzekera dzenje.
Mukakhazikitsa chithandizochi ndikuzama ndikuchilowetsa m'nthaka kuti chimangidwe matabwa ndi zinthu zofunika kuwonongeka, ziyenera kuchitidwa kuwonjezera poteteza kapena kupanga ngalande zomwe zimalepheretsa kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi dothi. Ngati kupangidwako kwa chithandizo kumafunikira zowonjezera, ndiye kuti nthawi zonse muziyamba ndi mapilo konkriti ndi mayendedwe ake. Mukakhazikitsa, nthawi zonse zimasunthira kuchokera pazinthu zothandizira, zojambula zothandizira ndi gawo lotsika la zomangamanga kumtunda komanso kuzinthu zodzikongoletsera.
Kuzama kwakuthandizira kwakuya ndi chinthu chofunikira pakukhazikitsa kwawo. Mulingo wocheperako wopangira chithandizo wokhazikitsa mbewu zokwera osatha ndi masentimita 60. Mukakumba chithandizo chakuya kwambiri, ndiye kuti mpesa wamphamvu uliwonse umangochotsa m'nthaka nthawi yayitali.
Kwa mitengo yolemera kwambiri, yomwe ndi maziko othandizira omwe amapangidwa ndi mitengo kapena mitengo yazitsulo, ndikofunikira kukumba ma sapotiwo mpaka pansi mpaka pafupifupi mita imodzi kapena kupangira zida zina zowonjezera konkire. Kuchuluka kwa malowedwe kumatengera kutalika kwa chithandizo chake: ngati kupitirira 2 m, ndiye kuti kuya kwa kumizidwa kuyenera kukhala osachepera 30%.
Pergola yokwera maluwa obzalidwa ndi bwaloMukamagwira ntchito, nthawi zonse kumakhala kofunikira kuwunika momwe kukhazikikako ndikusinthira mawonekedwe a kapangidwe kazithunzithunzi. Ngakhale kupendekeka kosawoneka ndi maso kumayambitsa mavuto ambiri pakapita nthawi, pansi pa kulemera kwa mtengo wa mpesa kumatha kubweretsa kusunthika kwakukulu ndikusokoneza, komanso kuwononga nyumba. Thandizo liyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndendende kuchokera pachiyambi, osawopa kuyang'ananso zidziwitso zonse.
Muyenera kuyamba kuwongolera mbewu zomwe zikukwera kumathandizi mutabzala. Kupanga maziko abwino azitsamba, malo oyenera ndi kufalikira kwa mphukira zazikulu zimakupatsani mwayi wogawa katunduyo pa chithandizocho, onetsetsani kukula ndi kukula kwa chomera, kuti muchepetse njira yolowera komanso mapangidwe mtsogolo. Maziko omwe adapangidwa zaka zoyambirira ndi chitsimikizo kuti sipadzakhalanso zovuta mukamakula pazothandizira mtsogolo.
