Chomera chodabwitsa kwambiri cha pereromia chimadziwika ndi masamba okongola achikopa ndi mphukira wakuda. Chosangalatsa chachikulu pakati pa olima maluwa ndi mitundu yawo yosiyanasiyana. Peperomia ikhoza kukhala chitsamba, shrub kapena chomera cham'mera. Ndi iyo, mutha kukongoletsa zipinda ndikupanga maluwa okongola. Zofananira zambiri ndizofanana kukula kwake, motero zimadzaza malo pakati pazomera zosiyanasiyana. Peperomia imakhalanso yopanda tanthauzo, motero imakulidwa mnyumba.
Peperomia: mitundu, kufotokozera, chithunzi
Chomera cha epiphytic chobadwa kudera lotentha la South America, pomwe chimatha kukhala ngati udzu wapachaka kapena wamuyaya. Kukula mpaka 50 cm, duwa ndilosiyana mphukira zakuda ndi masamba owala, pamwamba pake wokutidwa ndi sera. Mtundu, kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe a masamba kutengera mitundu, motero amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana. Mutha kupeza njira zosalala, zopindika, zotsekemera, zowonda, zazing'ono, zazing'ono, zazikulu, zojambula pamtima, zokhala ndi lanceolate, zosankha kapena zozungulira. Mtundu wa masamba a peperomia ndiwobiriwira mpaka golide wokhala ndi madontho, mikwingwirima ndi mawanga. Mitengo yama cylindrical inflorescence ya mbewuyi ndiyopanda tanthauzo ndipo imatengedwa kuchokera ku maluwa ang'onoang'ono.
Mitundu yayikulu ya peperomia
Peperomia ndi wopusa. Chomera cholondola chimanena za herbaceous perennials. M'chilengedwe, chimakula padziko lapansi komanso pamitengo. Peperomia vulgaris imasiyana m'masamba opindika, amtundu, omwe amatalika mpaka 8-12 cm, ndipo m'lifupi mwake mpaka 4-5 cm. Masamba Ovoid anakonza pa mphukira njira. Amasilira kumunsi, ndikukulira kumtunda kachiwiri. Mitundu ya masamba a masamba a peperomia dupus zimatengera mitundu ya mbewu. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zobiriwira zakuda, koma zimatha kukhala zobiriwira, zonona komanso zoyera.
Peperomia kufota. Chomera chotsika ku Brazil. Imakula mpaka 10 cm ndipo imakhala ndi masamba osakhwima, obiriwira omwe amamera kuchokera pamizu. Mbali yodziwika bwino yamasamba ndi mitsempha ya bulauni, yomwe imalumikizidwa mwamphamvu kumbali yawo yotsika ndikuwonekera kumtunda. M'chilimwe, chomera chamtunduwu chimamasula ndi spikelets zamtundu woyera. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri imamera osati chomera chokongoletsera masamba, komanso chifukwa cha maluwa.
Peperomia ndi silvery. Ground kapena epiphytic osatha chilengedwe akukula ku Brazil ndi Venezuela. Masamba a Petiole amtunduwu amakula kuchokera kumizu. Ziweto zofika kutalika kwa 10cm zimakhala ndi tint yofiira. Masamba ofiirira, owonda komanso amtunduwu amasiyanitsidwa ndi mitsempha yobiriwira, pakati pomwe mikwaso yoyera imadutsa.
Peperomia imvi. Herbaceous shrub kapena osatha kukula mpaka 1.5 m. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira otambalala kufika masentimita 5. Ndipo masamba ndi mphukira za chomerazo ndizakutidwa ndi tsitsi. Tsamba lamasamba pamwambapa limakanda pang'ono.
Peperomia ndichosangalatsa. Chomera chobwera, chomera cha epiphytic chobadwa m'nkhalango zotentha za ku South America. Mawonedwe amadziwika ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono owumbika. Kutalika kwake, ali mpaka 4 cm, ndipo m'lifupi mpaka 1.5 cm. Pa mphukira yokutidwa ndi tsitsi, masamba amakula mosiyana, atatu kapena anayi nthawi imodzi. Tsamba lamasamba ndilobiriwira pamtunda komanso lofiira pansipa.
Peperomia zokwawa. Epiphytic osatha ndi mabodza, ofukula kapena opindika amakula m'nkhalango zachilengedwe zaku America. Pa mphukira zake petioles zimaswedwa ndi ovate. Mtunduwu umakhala ndi mitundu ingapo, motero masamba imatha kukhala yobiriwira kapena kukhala ndi mtundu wokongola. M'nyumba mwakulidwa ngati chomera cham'mera.
Peperomia ndi nsangalabwi. Grub, shrub yotsika, yomwe imamera pang'ono, imasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba, omwe mtundu wake ndi wofanana ndi marble. Mitsempha ya bulauni imadutsa masamba ozungulira mtima a mtundu wobiriwira.
Peperomia ali amitundu yambiri. Udzu wobiriwira wamtchire womwe umamera m'nkhalango zamapiri ku South America umakhala ndi masamba obiriwira ndipo masamba ake amamera. Kukula kutalika mpaka 20 cm, wobiriwira wakuda, wandiweyani, masamba owala ndi ovoid mawonekedwe ndikuphimbidwa ndi mitsempha yoyera. Oimira mtundu uwu amadziwika ndi inflorescence yayitali yakuthengo ya bulauni.
Peperomia ndi ofiira. Herbaceous osatha amawoneka ngati chomera chokongoletsera. Mphukira zake zoonda zofiira zimakhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono. Pulogalamu yokhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino ndi obiriwira pamwambapa komanso ofiira pansi.
Peperomia klusielistnaya. Zomera za herbaceous zakubadwa m'nkhalango zotentha za ku Venezuela. Oimira amtunduwo ali masamba owoneka bwino, osalalaZomwe zimamera pamphukira mosiyanasiyana. Chidutswa chilichonse chimakhala chotalika 15cm komanso mainchesi 8. Masamba obiriwira amdima ali ndi mawonekedwe ofiira komanso malire. Pansi pake pamakhala mawonekedwe, ndipo pamwamba pake ndi wopanda pake.
Peperomia ndi velvety. Zomera za herbaceous zamtunduwu zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ofiira akuda, owongoka, owongoka, omwe amakhala ndi masamba omwe masamba ozungulira amapezeka pa petioles afupipafupi. Kutengera mitundu, masamba a masamba amatha kukhala opanda kapena kuphulika. Mitsempha 5-7 ya mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira umachokera pamtunda wamasamba obiriwira. M'malekezero a nthambi ndi m'mizere ya masamba, maluwa amapangika, omwe ndi akulu a spikelets 7 cm.
Peperomia: chisamaliro chakunyumba
Kukhazikitsa ndi kusamalira chomera sikutanthauza chilichonse chovuta. Chachikulu ndichakuti muziganizira mawonekedwe amitundu yamaluwa ndikusunga malamulo ena.
Kuwala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya
Mwa mitundu ya peperomia pali zofanizira ndi masamba obiriwira komanso masamba. Chifukwa chake, malo a chomera amasankhidwa malinga ndi mtundu wawo. Masamba obiriwira maluwa ngati mawonekedwe pang'ono. Oimira mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ngati nyali zowala, koma popanda kuwunika mwachindunji. Popanda kuwala, masamba awo amayamba kubiriwira, amakhala osakondweretsa komanso wamba.
Ngati pepala-pateromia imakakulirakulira m'chipinda chakumpoto, ndiye kuti pakufunika kuwunikira kowonjezereka. M'zipinda zokhala ndi mazenera oyang'ana kumwera, mbewuyo imamera kutali ndi zenera. Maluwa abwino kwambiri okhala ndi maluwa okhala ndi masamba, kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa kwazenera sill ndi koyenera.
Peperomia silivomereza kulembedwa, chifukwa sichidzakula ndi mawindo otseguka, pamakhonde ndi m'munda. Zabwino kwambiri kwa iye zimawerengedwa kutentha pa 18-22C. Ngati mbewuyo idzaima pazenera, ndiye kuti pazenera kusakhale mipata m'mawindo.
Chinyezi ndi kuthirira
Mphepo yamvula ndiyabwino kusankha chomera. Peperomia imakulanso ndikukula ndi mpweya wokwanira m'nyumba. Koma kuti chomera chamtundu wabwino, chimalimbikitsidwa nthawi zonse kuti chimasefare. Izi zichitike pafupipafupi nyengo yotentha komanso yoyatsidwa magetsi. Ndi mpweya chinyezi cha 50% chitsamba chikuyamba kukula kwambiri. Koma ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti peperomia yokhala ndi masamba a pubescent sichita bwino kupopera.
Chomera sichofunika kuthirira kwambiri, koma malamulo ena amayenera kuwonedwa nthawi imodzi:
Madzi ambiri a peperomy amafunikira pokhapokha nthawi yogwira ntchito.- Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika ndi madzi okhazikika pa kutentha kwa firiji.
- M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, apo ayi mizu imatha kuvunda.
- Ndikosatheka kuteteza kusayenda kwa madzi m'nthaka, chifukwa peperomia imachita mantha kwambiri ndi madzi ake kuposa kuthirira.
Madzi ambiri a peperomy amafunikira pokhapokha nthawi yogwira ntchito.Ngati mbewuyo idasinthidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti tsinde limayamba kufewetsa, masamba amasandulika akuda ndikugwa. Masamba owala sikuwonetsa kusowa kwa kuthirira, koma, m'malo mwake, kuthirira kwamadzi nthaka. Mwakutero, duwa liyenera kusiidwa popanda kuthirira kwa sabata limodzi kapena awiri.
Thirani ndi feteleza
Mukamasamalira peperomia, nthawi zambiri sikofunikira kuti muwudzutse, chifukwa mizu ya duwa imakhala kwambiri pang'onopang'ono kudzaza muli. Chifukwa chake, kuziyankhira kuyenera kupangidwa pokhapokha poto wa chomera ukakhala kwambiri.
Muphika watsopano uyenera kukhala wosaya komanso wocheperako wa 2-3 cm kuposa womwe udalipo. Zomwe dothi la peperomia liyenera kuphatikizapo:
- munda wamunda;
- humus;
- mchenga wokhala peeled.
Dongo lomwe limakulirakulira limayikidwa pansi pamphika.
Chomera chomwechiikidwa mu chosakaniza chadothi chatsopano sichikhala manyowa kwa nthawi yoyamba. M'tsogolomu, posamalira peperomia, ndikofunikira kumapeto kwa chilimwe, chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira kuti muzidyetsa kawiri pamwezi ndi feteleza wa mchere wamaluwa amkati. M'nyengo yozizira, kuvala pamwamba kumachitika kamodzi pamwezi.
Tizirombo ndi matenda a peperomia
Chomera chosavomerezeka ndi chisamaliro choyenera kunyumba pafupifupi osatetezedwa ndi matenda komanso tizilombo tovuta. Koma nthawi zina, duwa likakulirakulira, duwa limayamba kupitilira:
Mealybug imawonekera ngati misa yoyera yoyera m'makola am masamba. Zomwe zimawonekera zimatha kukhala kutentha pang'ono, kusanja komanso kusefukira kwa mbewu. Pa gawo loyamba, tizilombo timachotsedwa ndi thonje swab choviikidwa mu njira ya mowa. Ndi chophukira chachikulu cha mealy, tchire liyenera kuthiridwa ndi mankhwala apadera.- Kupindika pazomera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana sikumawoneka, chifukwa amawoneka ngati madontho owoneka bwino pamasamba. Tizilombo timeneti timapezeka tikamakula peperomia m'zipinda zotentha zokhala ndi chinyezi chochepa. Ndikofunikira kulimbana nawo mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
- Kangaudeyu umaonekera ndi kangaude pakati pa masamba. Mtengowo umakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo tachipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri. Mu magawo oyambilira, tchire limatha kutsukidwa ndi madzi oyenda, kupukutidwa ndi chinkhupule ndi yankho la sokosi, ndikuyamba kupopera mafuta nthawi zonse. Ndi matenda opatsirana, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala ophera tizirombo timafunikira.
Mealybug imawonekera ngati misa yoyera yoyera m'makola am masamba. Zomwe zimawonekera zimatha kukhala kutentha pang'ono, kusanja komanso kusefukira kwa mbewu. Pa gawo loyamba, tizilombo timachotsedwa ndi thonje swab choviikidwa mu njira ya mowa. Ndi chophukira chachikulu cha mealy, tchire liyenera kuthiridwa ndi mankhwala apadera.Peperomies achilendo, okongola komanso osadzikuza kwa zaka zambiri khalani okonda wamaluwa. Mitundu yamitundu yawo imakupatsani mwayi wobweretsa zest yanu mkati mwanyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, mtengowo umatulutsa ma phytocides, omwe amatha kuyeretsa mkati mwa mpweya mabakiteriya oyipa. Chifukwa chake, peperomia tikulimbikitsidwa kuti iyikidwe mzipinda za ana.
