Wosamalira dimba aliyense posachedwapa adzakumana ndi vuto lonyalanyaza, malo okhala, udzu wambiri. Ntchito yoyeretsa imalumikizidwa osati ndi zomwe zimachitika pokhapokha mutapeza dera laling'ono lopanda malire. Mabedi akale a maluwa kapena makina "oiwalika", ochulukitsidwa kapena osafalitsa udzu womwe sitinayambepo kulimbana panthawi yake - zinthu sizachilendo. Ndipo chitsimikizo chachikulu cha kupambana pothana ndi vutoli ndi kuleza mtima ndi kupirira.
Kukonza madera osasamalidwa a dimba.
Njira imodzi pa zochitika zonse
Posankha momwe mungathanirane ndi kunyalanyaza komanso ntchito yotsuka, ngakhale malowa, kapena zovuta zavutoli, komanso kuti zaka zambiri malowa sanayankhe bwanji, zilibe kanthu. Ntchito yoyeretsa imakhala nthawi zonse ndipo kulikonse imathetsedwa. Kusiyanitsa kokhako ndikuwononga nthawi yochuluka bwanji kuti mukwaniritse cholinga komanso zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito.
Momwemo, zochitika zonse zikagawika magawo ofunikira zimagawika m'magawo atatu ovuta:
- Kutsuka udzu wokutidwa ndi udzu.
- Kuyeretsa zida zakale zomwe zidakula m'zaka zosawerengeka zomwe sizingachitike.
- Kukonza chiwembu chonse kapena gawo la chiwembu chonyalanyazidwa, chomwe, kuwonjezera pa namsongole ndi mbewu zakale, palinso tchire, mitengo ndi mphukira zake.
Mtundu wachitatu woyeretsa ndi wovuta kwambiri, wowononga nthawi komanso wowononga nthawi. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika nthawi zambiri pogula ziwembu m'malo osasamala ndikumakakamizidwa kuti apange zomwe adalandira asanakonze dimba lawo lamaloto.
Mitundu iwiri yoyambayo ikhoza kukhala yofunikira m'minda wamba, yomwe imayang'aniridwa nthawi zambiri ndikuyendera. Kupatula apo, muyenera kungosowa kanthawi pang'ono, osayamba kulimbana ndi namsongole pa nthawi yake kapena musawone kuti duwa lamaluwa ladzaza, komanso zinthu zodzikongoletsa bwino zisintha kukhala malo osasalidwa chaka chamawa. Maulendo obwera mwadzidzidzi kukagwira ntchito, kusowa nthawi, kukakamiza majeure nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa madera ndi zinthu zomwe zimawoneka m'munda zomwe sizikufunika kukonzanso pafupipafupi, komanso kuyeretsa.
Pali njira zambiri zothanirana ndi zomera zosafunidwa ndikunyalanyazidwa m'minda. Komabe, makina, khama ndi nthawi yambiri ndizofunikira. Kupatula apo, ngakhale njira zamakono zopangira mankhwala azitsamba zimatha kusintha kwambiri, koma osati zamatsenga. Ndipo mulimonsemo, muyenera kuyesetsa kwambiri. Koma nthawi zonse muyenera kuchita zomwezo.
Ndikofunika nthawi zonse kuyeretsa ndikachotsa zinyalala - nthambi, miyala, zida zomangira zakale. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse momwe zinthu zilili komanso kuti muchepetse zovuta zina.
Njira yotsuka madera omwe ananyalanyazidwa imaphatikizapo njira zisanu:
- Kuzindikiritsa ndikusunga mbewu zomwe zalimidwa zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikubwezeretsa.
- Kuzindikiritsa tchire ndi mitengo yomwe singathe kupulumutsidwa ndikuyenera kudulidwa, komanso malo ofunikira mizu omwe amafunikira ntchito zovuta.
- Choyeretsa dothi kuchokera kumera, kuchotsa udzu kuchokera mu dothi.
- Makina olimira.
- Kusintha dothi pamalowo ndikukonzekera malo obzala.
Pamasamba omwe sanyalanyazidwa kwambiri, nthawi zonse mungagwiritse ntchito akatswiri. Koma ngati mukufuna kuthana ndi ntchitoyi nokha, chinthu choyamba chomwe simuyenera kuchita ndikuchita mantha. Pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono, inunso mutha kuthana ndi vuto lililonse. Chachikulu ndikuyika chilichonse m'mashelu osati kuyesa kuphimba vuto lonse nthawi yomweyo.
Gawo losasamalidwa la munda.
Sungani mbewu zonse zomwe mungathe
Mosasamala kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa kunyalanyaza womwe tikukamba - kuwonongeka kosavuta kwa udzu komwe kumazaza maluwa osatha ndi maluwa omwe amakonda, kapena zovuta zazikulu - chinthu choyambirira kuganizira ndi mbewu zomwe zadwala koma osasamalidwa. mphamvu.
Ngakhale tchire ndi mitengo yomwe yanyalanyazidwa kwambiri iyenera kudulidwa pokhapokha palibenso njira ina: ngati ikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, ikupereka zochulukira, awonetsa kuti sangathenso kubala zipatso. Zachidziwikire, mitengo yopondera ya msondodzi kapena nyanja yamitundu yam'nyanja, yamatcheri okhala pamalowo ku china chilichonse. Koma perekani mbewu zolimidwa, choyambirira, zitsamba ndi zipatso ndi mabulosi: kudulira ndikutulutsa matenda, kukonzanso korona, kuwona kwa zaka zingapo momwe angaberekere zipatso komanso ngati ali ndi chiyembekezo. Inde, ndipo tchire lokongoletsera kapena mtundu wamtengo pambuyo kudulira kwapamwamba kumatha kudabwitsani inu ndi kukongola kopitilira muyeso.
Zachidziwikire, njira yosavuta sikuti kudikira ndikusintha mbewuzo ndi zatsopano. Koma, ngati mulibe bajeti yayikulu yogulira mbewu zazikuluzikulu, ndiye kuti muyenera kudikirira nthawi yayitali kuposa kubwezeretsa mbewu zakale. Chifukwa chake, pankhani ya mbewu zazikulu kwambiri, ndibwino kuzula, kudula ndikuchotsa mbewu zokhazo zomwe zilibe mwayi woti zitheke.
Ndi perennials, mbewu za udzu, oteteza nthaka, zonse ndizosavuta komanso zovuta nthawi imodzi. Ndi mbewu za udzu zomwe ndizoyambirira kuvutika chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa udzu wamtchire, ndikuti ndi womwe umasinthidwa ndi namsongole, ndikupikisana nawo popanda chisamaliro choyenera. Kutaya mawonekedwe awo komanso maonekedwe ake oyera, anthu obzala msipuwo amatha kupanga zinthu zosiyidwa, posachedwa kusiya maluwa omwe amakonda komanso kukhala ngati udzu.
Pochulukitsa zomera m'malo okhala anthu, zimawoneka kuti palibe choti zisunge. Koma ndibwino kuyang'anitsitsa m'nkhalangozi: ngati mungamasule mbewuzo kwa anansi otopetsa, kuyeretsa ndikusiyanitsa makatani, kubzala mbewu pamtunda woyela ndi malo atsopano okhala ndi malo abwino, mbewu za udzu zidzawonekeranso m'mbali zake zonse. Ndipo ngakhale komwe mumawona maloto amodzi kapena dandelion, yang'anani mbewu zomwe zidakumana nawo, koma akumenyabe nkhondo miyoyo yawo.
Zomera zonse zomwe zimalimidwa zizimbidwa, kufufuzidwa mosamala, ndikuchotsa udzu wakunja kuzungulira mizu ya udzu, ngati pakufunika kugaŵika ndi kudula. Ndipo sungani posungira mtsogolo ndi malo atsopano. Musanayambe kuthana ndi zomera zonse, onetsetsani kuti mwakolola mbewu zonse zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito. Ngakhale kunyalanyaza pang'ono kapena kufalikira maluwa, kudula kuyenera kukhala kwathunthu. Kuti izi zitheke, mbewu zobzalidwa, kupatula tchire kapena mitengo yomwe singathe kuzibzika, ziyenera kuchotsedwa mu gawo kuti zitsukidwe, osasiya chilumba chimodzi chodzala m'minda yakale.
Kuthamanga gawo lamalo asanakonze.
Pulani pambuyo pakuchotsa.
Kuchotsa zosafunikira zamasamba
Musanagwetse namsongole ndi mphukira ndikuyeretsa bwino dothi, sinthani zikhalidwe ndi nthaka momwe mulili adani anu omwe analanda. Kupatula apo, namsongole ndi njira “yosavuta kwambiri” yolankhulira ndi zochita za dothi. Chifukwa chake, mbewu za poppy ndi coltsfoot zimawonetsa dothi lamchere, ndipo violet tricolor ndi sorelo zimawonetsa acidic. Dandelion ndi buttercup zokwawa zimakhazikika kumadera komwe kumakhala mavuto, ndipo dothi lolemera la nayitrogeni limakondedwa ndi olowa monga kukwawa ndi tirigu, ndowe ndi maula.
Namsongole ayenera kuzindikiridwanso pa cholinga chimodzi chimodzi: mudzalimbana ndi zitsamba zamtchire mosiyanasiyana. Udzu wamera umafalikira chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa mbewu, koma namsongole mizu ali ndi mizu yovuta kuwonongeka, yomwe sivuta kuthana nayo. Mtundu wa udzu umasankha mwachindunji njira zamagetsi zowongolera, chifukwa herbicides amasankhidwa kutengera mtundu wamasamba osafunikira.
Choyamba, muyenera kusamalira zitsamba ndi mitengo yochotsa, mizu yawo imaphukira. Iyi ndi ntchito yomwe singagwire ntchito. Ndipo nthawi yake amagwiritsa ntchito njira zonse pamalopo, nthawi zambiri amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo. Mukatha kuthana ndi vuto lofunikira kwambiri m'maganizo onse titha kuyambitsa namsongole ndikuyeretsa dothi.
Malo osasamalidwa musanadule udzu ndi zomera zosafunikira.
Dongosolo pambuyo kukonza zitsamba ndi zinyalala zinyalala.
Njira zitatu zowongolera udzu:
Makina
Ngati tikulankhula za malo ochepa, ndiye kuti mutha kuchotsa udzu wonse ndi mizu m'nthaka pamanja. Pomwe maudzu amafalilidwa mochuluka, m'malo oyera ndi osakwanira kumasula dothi, nthawi zina m'malo osasamalidwa, kubwezeretsa kwathunthu, kusankha kwa ma rhizomes kuyenera kuchitika mutalima dothi ndi zida. Koma ngati pali mwayi wokulira popanda kukumba kwambiri ndikuyanthanso pang'ono, kuwononga dothi, ndiye kuti kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Lambulani malo ang'onoang'ono ndikuphwanya gawo lonselo mavuto. Poyamba, ndibwino kutchetcha udzu wokulirapo, pamalo osasamalidwa omwe mungachite popanda kutchetcha.
Zamapangidwe
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a herbicides okhazikika komanso apadera kwambiri motsutsana ndi namsongole kumakupatsani mwayi wophimba madera akuluakulu ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa khama. Mankhwalawa amasankhidwa, poganizira zachilengedwe, zoyipa, zotsatira zake, nthawi yake komanso kuchuluka kwake kwa mankhwalawo ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito, kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo a wopanga. Komabe, zinyalala zobzala ndi mizu m'nthaka zidzafunika kuchotsedwa pamanja.
Kuphatikiza kusakanikirana
M'malo mothandizidwa ndi ma herbicides, mutha kuchita chimodzi chokha kuti muchepetse kukula kwa namsongole, kuti muchepetse kulima kwa dothi, kapena kusankha njira yina yolepheretsa kukula kwa udzu womwe umayambira "kuyeretsa" - wophimba ndi filimu yakuda, yokhala ndi mulch yofananira ndikuyeretsa dothi kuchokera kumizu ndi zinyalala pamanja.
Pamodzi ndi namsongole, miyala ndi zinyalala zina ziyenera kuchotsedwa m'nthaka.
Ngakhale kusankhidwa bwino kwambiri kwa mizu yomera komanso zotsalira m'nthaka sikungakupulumutseni mtsogolo. Koma kuchotsa nthawi zonse komanso munthawi yake maudzu achichepere kungathandize kuiwala za kuwukira kwawo kwamuyaya.
Pulani musanatsuke.
Dongosolo mukatha kuyeretsa.
Kukonza ndi kukonza nthaka
Udzu, zinyalala, mizu yotsalira ikachotsedwa, ndi dothi litayeretsedwa, ndi nthawi yabwino kukonzekera kubzala mtsogolo ndikusintha kapangidwe kake. Ngati dothi ndi lotayirira, losapangidwa, ndibwino kuti musakumbanso. Kutsegula kosavuta kumasunga bwino chilengedwe, kuteteza tizilombo, ndi kulola kubwezeretsanso chonde m'nthaka.
Zomwe zimapangidwira, mawonekedwe ndi kuchuluka kwa thanzi la nthaka kuyenera kuwunikiridwa, kenako ndikusintha pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana:
- Feteleza zachilengedwe (1 ndowa imodzi mwa masikweya mita) ziyenera kuwonjezedwa kunthaka m'malo oyeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito kompositi kapena feteleza wina aliyense amene akupezani.
- Komanso, gawo la feteleza wa mchere nthawi zambiri limawonjezeredwa ku dothi lopangira kukongoletsa.
- Ngati malowa adayambitsidwa kale, musanakonze zinthu zatsopano, ndibwino kubzala manyowa obiriwira, omwe angathandize kubwezeretsa dothi labwino.
- Mchenga, dongo, peat, dothi lamasamba, kompositi ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zimayambitsidwa kuti zikonze momwe nthaka idayambira.
- Pamadziwikidwe apamwamba am'madzi apansi pansi, m'malo otentha kwambiri, ngalande zimayikidwa kapena mtundu wa dothi umaganiziridwa mukakonza zinthu za m'munda.
Dothi loyeretsedwa, ngati dimba, nyengo kapena zinthu zina sizingalolere kuti mupange zida zatsopano, ndibwino kuti mulch. Njira yosavuta iyi imathandizira kuponderetsa udzu, kusunga chinyezi komanso kusintha machitidwe a nthaka, komanso kuthamangitsa kakulidwe ka tizilombo komanso tizilombo tothandiza.
