Phalaenopsis orchid wakunyumba ndi mbewu yotchuka kwambiri komanso yosasamala mu banja la Orchid. Doritis ndi mtundu wocheperako pafupi ndi phalaenopsis, wodziwika ndi wowonda komanso wowonda. Mukamasamalira phalaenopsis kunyumba, komanso doritis, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kutentha kwabwino komanso chinyezi chofunikira. Mudziwa zambiri zamomwe mungasamalire ma orchid a Phalaenopsis ndi Doritis, ndi mitundu yanji ya Phalaenopsis ndi Doritis omwe ali patsamba lino.
Mitundu ya maluwa Phalaenopsis Orchid
Phalaenopsis (PHALAENOPSIS) - Odziwika kwambiri komanso osasamala mu chikhalidwe cha maluwa. Mtunduwu umaphatikizapo mitundu yoposa 70 ya ma epiphytic orchid omwe amakula pamtunda wa 200-400 m kuchokera pamtunda wam'madzi m'nkhalango zotentha kuchokera ku Indonesia kupita ku Australia (ku South ndi Southeast Asia, Philippines, New Guinea, Australia).
Duwa la Phalaenopsis orchid ndi chomera chokhacho chomwe chimamera pang'onopang'ono kutalika. Mwa mitundu yomwe ili mumisonkhanowu, yomwe imapezeka kwambiri ndi Phalaenopsis amphilis (Phalaenopsis amabilis), Schiller (Phalaenopsis schilleriana) ndi Stuart (Phalaenopsis stuartiana). Awiri omaliza ali ndi masamba osiyanasiyananso ndi maluwa oyera amawangamawanga. Chosangalatsa chake ndi mitundu yosankhidwa ya mitundu yomwe imakhala ndi maluwa akulu komanso okongoletsera.
Chimodzi mwa mitundu yayikulu ya ma orchid otchedwa phalaenopsis amabilis, kapena amabilis (Phalaenopsis mabilis), ochokera ku malawi archipelago, Philippines ndi Australia. Inflorescence ndi lalikulu (40-70 cm) wokhala ndi maluwa ambiri, wopindika kwambiri, wokhala ndi 15-20 maluwa oyera oyera, mpaka 7.5-10 masentimita, omwe amakhala ndi zonona pang'ono ndi zaka.
Phalaenopsis Schiller (Phalaenopsis schilleriana) - mawonekedwewo ali ofanana ndi phalaenopsis osangalatsa, koma mosiyana ndi iwo ali ndi masamba osiyanasiyana.
Monga tikuwonera pachithunzi cha maluwa amtundu wa phalaenopsis, masamba ndi amtundu wa siliva ndipo mawanga obiriwira osakanikirana amakhala mikwingwirima yosasintha, komanso pabuka pansipa. Mitunduyo ndiyomwe imayambitsa mitundu yambiri ya haibridi.
Inflorescence ndi yayikulu kwambiri, mpaka 1.5 m kutalika, nthambi, maluwa osiyanasiyana (mpaka 200 maluwa). Maluwa ndi ocheperako pang'ono kuposa ma phalaenopsis osangalatsa (pafupi 7 cm), pinki yowala, manda ofananira nawo okhala ndi madontho ofiira m'munsi. Limamasula mu Meyi ndi February. Mitunduyi imamera miphika komanso epiphytically.
Phalaenopsis Stuart (Phalenopsis stuartiana) - orchid, kochokera pafupi. Mandanao, akuwoneka ngati phalaenopsis waku Schiller.
Samalani chithunzi cha Phalaenopsis Stuart orchid - masamba a chomeracho ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, maluwawo amakhala oyera ndi malo ambiri ofiirira pamtunda wotsatira. Limamasula kuyambira Januwale mpaka Marichi.
Phalaenopsis Sandera (Phalaenopsis sandayeza) - imodzi mwazosowa, zokongola komanso zamtundu wa phalaenopsis. Amatchedwa Wokonda wotchuka wa Sander orchid. Masamba ndiwobiriwira, okhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola. Pazitali zazitali, zozungulira, mizere yolimbana ndi maluwa 50 mpaka awiri mainchesi 5-7. Mtundu wawo ndi wosiyana kwambiri.
Phalaenopsis Luddemann (Phalaenopsis lueddemanniana) - mtundu waung'ono, wotchedwa dzina lodziwika bwino wa wobala wotchuka F. Luddeman, wochokera ku nkhalango zamvula zotentha ku Philippines. Maluwa atypical a mtundu Phalaenopsis. Mtengowo pawokha ndiwung'ono, ndipo maluwa pang'onopang'ono ndi ochepa kuposa manda. Masamba kutalika kwa 10-20 cm, mtunda wofanana kutalika ndi masamba kapena kupitirira pang'ono, amanyamula maluwa ang'onoang'ono a 5-5 (4-5 cm). Mbale zam'mimba ndi manda zimasiyanitsidwa. Mlomo ndi wocheperako, wamanja atatu. Limamasula mu nthawi yamasika komanso nthawi yachilimwe.
Mtundu wina waung'ono wamtunduwu - phalaenopsis pinki (Phalaenopsis rosea). Utoto wofiirira, wamfupi (20-30 cm) umanyamula maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera a pinki pafupifupi 3 cm kudutsa, ukufalikira motsatizana.
Giant phalaenopsis (Phalenopsis gigantean) - Wokongola maluwa ambiri obadwa kuthengo otentha a Fr. Borneo Masamba ndiwobiliwira, mpaka 50c. Kutalika kwake ndikwakuzika, 30-30 masentimita, ali ndi mawonekedwe okhala ngati maluwa ambiri. Maluwa ake ndi achikasu achikasu ndi madontho ofiira, okhala ndi mulifupi wa masentimita 4-6. Amamasuka m'chilimwe.
Phalaenopsis Lowe (Phalaenopsis lowii) - orchid sing'anga. Mtundu wa inflorescence umanyamula maluwa 5-12, omwe amapangidwa kuyambira Julayi mpaka Okutobala. Maluwa eni ake ndi pinki, mpaka masentimita 5 mulifupi ndi mzati wa lilac wokwera ngati mulomo. Mlomo ulinso wofiirira.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi ma hybrids ndi doritis wokongola (Doritis pulchemma). Ichi ndi chomera chaching'ono chofanana ndi phalaenopsis yaying'ono yokhala ndi masamba ofupika.
Phalaenopsis wosakanizidwa (PHALAENOPSIS HYBRIDUM) - dzinali limatanthauza gulu lalikulu la mitundu yosakanizidwa, mitundu ndi mitundu yonse yazachilengedwe komanso zoyambira. Pakadali pano pali zikwizikwi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imadziwika ndi maluwa ambiri, makulidwe akuluakulu amaluwa (mpaka 10 masentimita) a mitundu yokongola - yoyera, yapinki, carmine, yokhala ndi madontho owoneka bwino kapena mikwingwirima. Mwachitsanzo, mtundu wina wamtundu wa mitundu iwiri wosadziwika - Phalaenopsis Spanish Dancer 'Harlequin', maluwa ake samangokhala awiri, koma amagawanika pakati: theka limakhala loyera, chachiwiri ndi lilac.
Momwe mungasamalire Phalaenopsis orchid
Mukamasamalira maluwa a Phalaenopsis orchid, mbewu zimatha kuyikidwa kumawindo akum'mawa ndi kumadzulo ngakhale popanda greenjouse zapadera, m'minda yozizira ndi loggias. M'chilimwe, kutentha kwa + 25 ... +30 ° C, nthawi yozizira - osati poyerekeza + 15 ° C. Kuchepetsa kutentha kwa usiku kumathandizira kupanga maluwa. M'nyengo yozizira pamasiku amitambo ndikofunikira kupereka kuwunikira.
Mukukula kwamiyezi yotentha, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumalimbikitsidwa. Zomera izi zimangokhala pachimodzimodzi pa chinyezi cha 50-80%. Mutha kuwonjezera chinyontho ndi chinyezi kapena kuyika chomera mu poto chodzazidwa ndi miyala yonyowa.
Kusamalira ora la Phalaenopsis wa maluwa nthawi ya maluwa nthawi ya chilimwe kumaphatikiza kudyetsa katatu pamwezi, nthawi yamaluwa nthawi ya chilimwe ndi nthawi yozizira - 2-3 kapena 1-2 pamwezi, koma kuchuluka kwa feteleza panthawiyi kumatha. Pakakhala maluwa, dyetsani kamodzi pamwezi, kapena mochepera.
Kutumiza ndi kufalitsa ma orchid a Phalaenopsis kunyumba
Ngati chidebe chomwe duwa limamera sichikhala chaching'ono, ndipo kukula kwa duwa pang'onopang'ono, izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yakwanitsa kumuwonjezera. Monga lamulo, orchid ya phalaenopsis amaisulidwa mosaposanso zaka ziwiri zilizonse, iyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri kuti isawononge mizu ya mlengalenga. Mukamaika phalaenopsis kunyumba, ndibwino kudula kapena kuthyola chidebe chakale, ndikuyika orchidyo pamodzi ndi mtanda wokumbira mumphika watsopano, ndikuwonjezera gawo latsopano.
Zomera zokulira, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mapoto apulasitiki owoneka bwino momwe mabowo opangira ngalande amatha kupangira. Kuti muchotse mchere, ndikofunikira kutsuka dothi kamodzi pamwezi pansi pamtsinje wamadzi ofunda kwa mphindi 15-20.
Dulani muvi womira 1 masentimita pamwamba pa bulu wamkulu kwambiri wosakula: chiphuphu chatsopano chimatha kumera.
Kufalikira kwa orchid wa Phalaenopsis kumachitika mwa kugawa chomera chomwe chimakula, chomwe chimadulidwa ndi mpeni m'magawo awiri kuti aliyense azikhala ndi mizu yake. Nthawi zina masamba ogona amapangira ana, amawabzala mutawoneka ndi mizu yawo. Mwinanso kufalitsa kwa phalaenopsis kunyumba ndi mbewu, mmera wobzalidwa kuchokera kumbewu, maluwa atha kuyamba zaka 2-3.
Maluwa a Doritis orchid
Maluwa doritis (DORITIS) - pafupi ndi phalaenopsis, mtundu wawung'ono wa orchid wa monopodial ochokera kumadera otentha a Southeast Asia. Doritis amasiyana ndi phalaenopsis munjira yowonda, motero dzina la mtundu - dory m'Chigiriki limatanthawuza "mkondo".
Doritis wokongola maluwa (Doritis pulcherrima) Itha kumera ngati chomera cha epiphytic, lithophytic kapena chapadziko lapansi. Maluwa amawoneka pa peduncle yolimba. Maluwa amafika mainchesi a 2,5-5, mtunduwo umasiyana kuchokera ku pinki yoyera mpaka utoto wofiirira. Zimasamba mchilimwe, toyesa maluwa amtundu umodzi zimatha kupezeka nthawi yozizira ndi masika.
A Dorites amakonda boma lotentha. Ndiwabwino kumaphika mumiphika wokhala ndi gawo lapansi loumbika bwino.
Orbrid orchid wopezeka podutsa phalaenopsis ndi doritis (Doritis x Phalaenopsis) - doritenopsis (Doritaenopsis). Wophatikiza woyamba pakati pa majini amenewa (Doritaenopsis Asahi) adapezeka mu 1923 pooloka Doritis pulcherrima x Phalaenopsis equestris.
Ichi ndi orchid wokhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu, osiyanasiyana utoto, wophatikizidwa muutali wa inflorescence. Limamasula kumapeto kwa chirimwe, nthawi yophukira ndi chisanu, khola ndikudula.
Awa ndi ma orchid oyenera pachikhalidwe cha amateur. Amayikidwa m'malo owala popanda kuwonekera dzuwa. Kutentha kokwanira ndi +20 ° C chaka chonse. Kuthirira kwa chaka chonse kumayenderana, kusamala, dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono. Kudyetsa kumachitika kamodzi sabata iliyonse. Kumwaza kumera kumayenera kuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku, chifukwa maluwa aliwonse amafunika chinyezi chachikulu. Wofesedwa aliyense zaka 2 maluwa.
