Pachistachis chikasu ndimtundu wokondedwa kwambiri wa zitsamba zokongoletsera, momwe masamba ndi maluwa amakongola chimodzimodzi. Pachistachis amatha kupezeka pamndandanda wazikhalidwe ndi utoto wowala kwambiri, wokhala ndi ma br brake osangalatsa kwambiri kapena pakati pa zikhalidwe zabwino kwambiri zamkati zamakono. Mwa mawonekedwe ake oyamba komanso ochititsa chidwi, pachistachis amakwanitsa kukhalabe chomera chopanda ulemu ndipo chimafuna chokhazikika, koma osatinso chisamaliro chovuta. Chomera ichi chimayankha mozama chokha ndikusangalala ndi zaka, ngakhale kuti chimafunikira kudziwongolera.
Yellow pachistachis (Pachystachys lutea).
Pachistachis chikasu - wowoneka bwino, wamaluwa wamaluwa wokhala ndi masamba okongola
Pachistachis ndi wa banja la Acanthaceae ndipo ndi chomera chokhalitsa, chokhazikika, chokongola ngakhale panthawi yomwe inflorescences sikhala pachimake kumapeto kwa mphukira. Kuchokera pamtundu wa Pachistachis, ndi mitundu iwiri yokha yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbewu zobzalidwa, koma okhawo otchuka kwambiri omwe amatha kudzitama pachistachis chikasu (Pachystachys lutea) Mtundu wobiriwira nthawi zonsewu umapezeka kokha m'nkhalango zotentha, koma kumakampani atatu - kuchokera ku Australia kupita ku East Asia ndi South America. Dzinali pachistachis limatanthauzira kuti "kangaude".
Ngakhale kukula kwa pachistachis (wogulitsa) nthawi zambiri kumakhala kotalika ndi 25-25 masentimita, izi siziyenera kuchepetsedwa malinga ndi kukula kwake. Chocholachi chikamakula, chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri ndipo chimatulutsa chitsamba, chimangowonetsa osati ndi tsatanetsatane wake, komanso korona wokongola. Popanda kuwongolera, mtengowu umatha kukula mpaka 1.5 m; kuti ukhale wowoneka bwino kapena wocheperako, umafunikira kupangidwa nthawi zonse.
Chitsamba chokhala ndi nthambi zambiri chimatulutsa, osati kukhala mphukira kwambiri, pang'onopang'ono chimatulutsa pansi ndikuwoneka chochepa thupi. Nthambi za pachistachis ndizobisika kwathunthu pansi pam masamba akulu. Mtambo wokwera kapena lanceolate-ovate, wokulirapo, ndi nsonga yowongoka, masamba okhala ndi mitsempha yozama komanso malo owala bwino amapanga korona wochititsa chidwi ndi utoto wowala, womwe umasiyana ndi mtundu wa apical inflorescences.
Maluwa a pachistachis si kanthu koma owoneka bwino. Ma spikelets apical a inflorescence amapangidwa ndikukhazikika mwamtenga mabuliketi achikasu ndimtundu wowala, wachikasu. Quadrangular, akuwoneka ngati ma piramidi owala bwino omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika a geometric, amatha kutalika masentimita 10. Maluwa enieni a pachistachis ndi oyera, a tubular, okhala ndi corolla yopyapyala yogawidwa kukhala loboti yopapatiza. Amayang'anitsitsa pakati pa mabulangete, ngati kuti akumamatira kumbali, ndikupatsa chidwi chomera chonse.
Duwa limapezeka mkati mwanyengoyi kumakhalapo kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka Okutobala, pomwe maluwa amatuluka mwachangu, masiku 10-12. Koma mabulangete a pachistachis okhala ndi spikelets wandiweyani amatha mpaka miyezi ingapo, kupatsa mbewuyo chokwanira chokongoletsa. Pa chomera chimodzi, mpaka 20 inflorescence imamera nthawi imodzi.
Kuphatikizidwa kwa matani achikasu owoneka achikasu ndi amdima amdima obiriwira okhala ndi matanthwe oyera oyera kumapangitsa kuti pachistachis ikhale imodzi mwazomera zapamwamba kwambiri zamkati. Chikhalidwe ichi chimadziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwazabwino kwambiri, ngakhale mutha kuwonetsa pachistachis pagulu lomwe lili ndi zina zakunja. Mukamasankha malo okhala pachistachis, ayenera kuganizira za kuthekera kokuwonjezera chinyezi. Chomera ichi chimatchedwa chimodzi mwazabwino kwambiri mkati mwa khitchini, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi komanso kufunika koonetsetsa malo otentha.
Yellow pachistachis (Pachystachys lutea).
Chisamaliro cha pachistachis
Pachistachis sikuti ndiwosangalatsa, koma amafuna chikhalidwe chamkati. Itha kuperekedwa kwa onse oyamba kumene omwe ali okonzeka kupereka chithandizo chazomera ndi akatswiri odziwa maluwa. Kulekerera kutentha kwa chipinda, kusinthasintha kwa kuunikira komanso kusakhalapo kwazinthu zina zachilendo zothirira kumapangitsa kuti pachychitis chomera chikhale cholosera. Chovuta kwambiri ndikupereka chitsamba chobiriwira ichi bwino ndi chinyezi cham'mlengalenga, makamaka mukaganiza kuti kupopera mbewu wamba kumatha kuchita.
Kuwala kwa Pachistachis
Pachistachis imasinthana bwino ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana owunikira ndipo imatha kumera mumthunzi wochepa kapena m'malo owala, imamasula bwino mosasamala kanthu kukula kwa kuwalako. Chomera sichimalola kuunika mwachindunji kapena kutetezedwa mwamphamvu, koma m'malo okhala ndi zowala zambiri kapena zowala pang'ono, ma pachistachis amatulutsa chimodzimodzi.
Mawonekedwe akum'mawa ndi akumadzulo amawonetsedwa kuti ndi abwino pachikhalidwe ichi, koma sizingakhale zoyipa kuposa momwe pachistachis angamvere mu kuya kwamkati, bola zipinda zokwanira zosankhidwa sizikhala kutali ndi zenera.
Kuunikira kopangira sindiko lingaliro labwino kwambiri chomera ichi, koma ngati chiri pafupi kubwezera kuwala kokha chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala, ndiye kuti pachistachis sangakane njira zina zowonjezerazi. Kusunga mawonekedwe ofanana kumapangitsa kuti zitheke kupitilira maluwa kuchokera pachistachis. Koma nthawi yomweyo, kuti athandizire kuchepetsa kuunika m'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, ndikofunikira kuchita zinthu zofunika kwambiri, kukonzanso chomera kumadera owunikiridwa kum'mwera malo owala pang'ono. Koma ngati pachistachis ataya inflorescence ndipo imakhala ndi matalala, ndiye kuti kufunika kwounikira kumachepa ndipo mbewu sizingawakonzenso kumalo owunikiridwa kwambiri, kapena kusunthira kutali ndi zenera kuti musiyanitse ndi maluwa ambiri mu nyengo yotsatira (komabe ndikadali mkati m'malo amthunzi).
Kutentha kosangalatsa
Chikhalidwe ichi chimasinthasintha mwangwiro kutentha kwa chipinda. Kwa pachistachis, ndikofunikira kuti musayang'anire kumtunda, koma kutentha kotsika koyenera. Ngakhale nthawi yozizira kwambiri pachaka, kutentha kwa mpweya mchipinda chomwe chokhala cha pachistachis sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa 18 digiri. Panthawi yonse yopumula, kutentha kuzungulira madigiri 19-21 kumaloledwa pachikhalidwe, koma mchaka chonse ndibwino kusunga kutentha kwa mpweya kupitilira madigiri 20. Pachistachis sichimva kutentha, koma kutentha kwakukulu kumatha kulipiridwanso ndi chisamaliro choyenera.
Iyenera kusamalidwa makamaka pazakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi komanso malo omwe pachistachis pafupi ndi magalasi kapena mawindo, kulumikizana kwa miphika yozizira pamalo ozizira, komwe kungasokoneze kukopa ndi thanzi la mbewu.
Yellow pachistachis (Pachystachys lutea).
Pachistachis kuthirira komanso chinyezi
Kwa pachistachis, ngakhale chilala chakanthawi kochepa chimakhala chowopsa, koma kuyanika kwathunthu kwa mizu kuyenera kupewedwa ndi njira zilizonse zomwe zilipo. Koma kuthilira madzi kumawonjezera ngozi zakufalikira kwa tizirombo ndi matenda. Zomera izi, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa pafupipafupi kuthirira komwe nthaka yake ingakhale yolimba nthawi zonse. Ndikofunika kuchita njirazi mutatha kupangira masentimita angapo apamwamba m'matumba kuti aume. Kuthirira kwa nyengo yozizira kwa pachistachis kumachitika mosamala, kumangokhala ndi chinyezi chamdothi chokha. Ikakhala pafupi ndi malo otsika a kutentha kwa chipinda, pachistachis amathiriridwa madzi ochepa, mpaka nthawi 1 m'masabata awiri. Ngati pachistachis pachimake kupitirira, kutsirira si kuchepetsedwa.
Monga pafupifupi mankhwala onse okhathamira mkati mwathu, pachistachis amafunikira chinyezi chambiri. Kuphwanya njira yopangira malo abwino a chomera ichi ndikufunika kogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zimatchedwa zakuthambo zokha; kukana kupopera, popeza ingress yamadzi imagwera pama inflorescences sichololedwa, zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mabatani; M'malo mwake, njira yothira mchere ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kokha nthawi yozizira kapena nthawi yomwe pachistachis sichimatulutsa. Kwa pachistachis, thireyi yamadzi imayikidwa popanda kulumikizana ndi pansi pamphika kapena zonyowa zapadera. Mukayikidwa kukhitchini kapena m'malo ena okhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu, pachistachis safuna njira zowonjezera.
Ngakhale kuti masamba a pachistachis amawoneka bwino, sakonda kutikita kapena kulandira chithandizo china. Ndikofunika kuchotsa fumbi pachomera ichi mosamala kwambiri, mothandizidwa ndi mzimu wofunda (osati pokhapokha maluwa) kapena siponji yofewa (nsalu, burashi) pamanja. Kuwapaka masamba ndi pepala lililonse la glossy pachistachis sikuletsedwa kotheratu.
Pachistachis Zakudya Zabwino
Feteleza wa pachistachis wachikaso ndi koyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chonse, ndikupanga njirazo kukhala zopumira kwa nthawi yonse yopuma. Panthawi yogwira ntchito yokhazikika, kudyetsa kwamasamba pafupipafupi ndi masabata atatu ndi koyenera kwa pachistachis, koma kuyambira Seputembala mpaka muFebruary feteleza umagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa masabata 6. Kwa pachistachis, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wophatikizira wa mchere, michere yomwe imakwaniritsa zofunikira za maluwa.
Pachistachis amayankha bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wokhala ndi nthawi yayitali, makamaka ngati kupukuta pang'onopang'ono timitengo kapena ndulu. Feteleza wotereyu amachititsa kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yosavuta kukonza komanso kukana kuvala zovala zapamwamba nthawi iliyonse pachaka, pokhapokha ngati matumba a feteleza ndi dothi zimabwezedwedwa nthawi zonse malinga ndi malangizo a wopanga.
Yellow pachistachis (Pachystachys lutea).
Pachistachis Kudulira
Popanda kupangidwa pafupipafupi, pachistachis amakula, amatambasula ndikutaya kukopa kwake. Mitengo isanafike, ndikofunikira kuchotsa mphukira zonse zakufa kapena zowonongeka pazomera ndikuchotsa masamba owonongeka. Maluwa atakwanira, nsonga zamphepo zimayidulira masamba awiri okha, kupangitsa kuti kukongoletsa ndi inflorescence kwina komanso chomera chonse.
Kufupikitsidwa pafupipafupi kwa pachistachis kumafalikira mpaka 1/3 ya kutalika kumathandizira kuti pakhale korona wowonda, wandiweyani komanso wamaluwa ambiri. Pa tchire tating'ono, kudulira koyambirira kumachitika bwino kwambiri Cardinal mokwanira, mpaka kutalika kwa 10-15 masentimita kuti muve korona wakuda ndi maziko a mapangidwe ena. Pa mphukira iliyonse yofesa pachomera, ndikofunikira kudula masamba atatu, gawo limodzi ndi korona wopindika. Pa akuluakulu pachistachis, kudulira kwapachaka nthawi zambiri kumachepetsedwa kukanikiza nsonga, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wambiri. Koma ngati pachistachis apangidwe, nthambi amazidulira.
Kuchepetsa pachistachis pamachitika mwachikhalidwe kale kapena palimodzi ndi kumuika.
Pachistachis kumuika ndi gawo lapansi
Ndikofunika kupangira mbewuyi osati monga kufunikira (mizu itadzaza gawo lapansi mumphika), koma pachaka. Kuyika pambuyo kapena nthawi imodzi ndi kudulira kumachitika chifukwa cha mbewu iyi, ngakhale itakhala zaka zingati. Nthawi ya kusinthanitsa kwa pachistachis ndi yamasewera - February-Marichi.
Kwa pachistachis, magawo aliwonse apadziko lapansi omwe amagulidwa kapena kupangidwa mwaokha ndioyenera. Kwa iye, mchenga, peat, humus ndi dothi lamasamba okhala ndi magawo awiri a malo owetera amasakanikirana magawo ofanana. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera makala osoka kapena mafupa pamtunda.
Ndondomeko yakeyinso ndi yosavuta. Malo okumbika mwatsopano okhala ndi kutalika kwa pafupifupi masentimita 5 ayenera kuyikiridwa pansi pa chidebe. Zomera sizinaikidwe, koma kuziyika, kuyesa kupewa kulumikizana ndi mizu.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta pachistachis
Mwa tizirombo ta pachistachis, kuvulala kwakukulu kumachitika chifukwa cha nsabwe za m'masamba ndi ma chamba, komanso ndizosowa pamtengowu. Pachistachis imatha kudziwika ngati chomera chokhazikika, zovuta zomwe zimatheka pokhapokha ngati zikunyalanyazidwa kwambiri. Ngati pachistachis ali wathanzi, ndiye kuti ali osavomerezeka. Ngati pali zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa ndewuyo yomweyo ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Mavuto omwe amafala pamtunda wa pachistachis:
- kugwa kwama inflorescence ndikusiya masamba pomwe gawo louma kwambiri mumphika;
- kupindika kwa masamba kuzizira kwambiri;
- kuponya masamba ndi zokongoletsa;
- kuyanika kwa nsonga za masamba mlengalenga;
- kuwonetsa gawo lakumunsi kwa mphukira chifukwa cha njira zachilengedwe ndi kufunika kokonzanso;
- Kutambasula mphukira ndikusiya masamba ndikuwala kwambiri.
Pachistachys chikasu (Pachystachys lutea)Kufalikira kwa pachistachis
Chomera chimangopangidwanso pokhapokha pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamasamba. Pachistachis imatha kufalitsidwa nthawi yakula kwambiri ndikukonzekera maluwa, kuyambira podulira mpaka koyambirira kwa Juni. Kwa odulidwa a chilimwe, ndi mphukira zokha zomwe zimasankhidwa zomwe inflorescence sizipanga, koma nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito nthambi zomwe zatsalira mutadulira masika (ngati ali ndi ma infode awiri). Ndipo njira yolumikizira ndiyabwino kwambiri.
Zodula za Pachistachis kuyambira 10 mpaka 15 cm zimadulidwa kuchokera pamwamba pa mphukira, onetsetsani kuti mwadula pakadutsa 45 madigiri ndikuwathandiza pansi pamadutsidwe ndi yankho la kukula kwa accelerators kwa maola angapo. Mizu imachitika pansi pa kapu mumtundu uliwonse wapadziko lapansi kapena chisakanizo cha mchenga ndi peat. Pozimitsa pachistachis mphukira, kutentha kwa madigiri 20 mpaka 22 Celsius kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mpweya ndizowonongedwa. Pafupifupi, kuzika kwamizu kumatenga sabata ziwiri kapena zitatu. Pangokhala ndi chizindikiro cha kuzika mizu, ndikofunikira kutsina nsonga za mphukirazo kuchokera kuzidulazo ndikusintha mbewuzo m'miphika yayikulu yokwanira 12 cm, kubzala mbande imodzi kapena zingapo mumphika umodzi kuti muthe chitsamba chokulirapo. Kuyambira koyamba pa pachistachis amayamba kugwira zikhadabo zokhazikitsidwa ndi mphukira zoumbika ndi maapulo mpaka 4, pachaka, ndikupanga chomera chofanana ndi zosachepera 12 - 15.
