Mukatsatira malamulo osamalira violet, imatha kuphuka pafupifupi chaka chonse, kusunthidwa kwakanthawi kochepa. Zomwe zimakhudza chitukuko chake? Zofunikira pakukonza mbewu ndi izi: nthaka yabwino, kutentha, kuwala, madzi, mpweya. Momwe mungakulire chilengedwe chokhazikika ndi maluwa ochuluka, ndipo tidzayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.
Violet: chisamaliro chakunyumba
Chofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa Saintpaulia ndikuyika maluwa ndi kutentha ndi kuunika kwakukulu. Chifukwa chake, kusamalira chomera kuyenera kuyamba ndi izi.
Kutentha ndi kuwala
Zomera zimamva bwino pa kutentha kwa madigiri 18-25, mumdima, ikhoza kuyikidwa mozizira madigiri 5. Koma violet sakonda zokongoletsa ndi kutentha pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muchepetse chitukuko.
Zofunikanso chimodzimodzi ndizomwe zimayatsa bwino. Saintpolis amakonda ngati masana maola amakhala pafupifupi maola 10-12. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imachitapo kanthu mwanjira zawo, mwachitsanzo, mitundu yamtundu wokhala ndi masamba amdima yolimba kwambiri ndipo imatha kupirira kuunika kowala kuposa abale awo omwe ali ndi masamba otuwa.
Dziwani kukula kwakukulu zotheka pamera lokha:
- Ngati nyalugwe imalandira kuwala kokwanira, ndiye kuti pali maluwa ambiri pamenepo, ndipo masamba amakhala odzaza.
- Kuwala sikokwanira pomwe chomera chikufika, ndikuwonetsa kudula kwakutali.
- Mtengowo umalandira kuwala kochepa kwambiri ngati masamba apindika ndikuti utoto.
M'nyengo yozizira, maola masana atachepa, kuunikira kowonjezereka kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Nyali za Fluorescent zibwera kudzapulumutsa. Amathandizira pakupanga maluwa ambiri. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito ziwiri nthawi imodzi, imodzi ikhale yachikasu, inayo ina. Mikhalidwe iyi ikawonedwa, ma violets amakula bwino ndikupanga rosette yokongola komanso yosalala.
Kuunikira kokumba kumawonjezedwa bwino mu Novembala, ndikuchotsedwa mu February. Koma nthawi zina pamakhala chifukwa cha mitengo pang'ono kulowa kolowera, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti izikhala ndi nyali chaka chonse. Kupanda kutero, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala, mbewu siyimaphuka.
Chinyezi ndi kuthirira
Muyenera kudziwa kuti violet pa chitukuko chenicheni mpweya umafunikazomwe amalandira kudzera m'madzi. Zomera sizithilira madzi pafupipafupi, pomwe mizu siyiyenera kuthiriridwa, kapena kuthiridwa. Nthaka yokhala ndi madzi ambiri imapangitsa kuvunda mu chomeracho, chifukwa madzi amabisa mpweya. Ngati palibe madzi okwanira, mizu imaphwa. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa chinyezi padziko lapansi ndikuwasamalira moyenera.
Kunyumba, kuthirira Saintpaulia, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kuthilira ndi mphuno yayitali. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mwangozi tigwere masamba osalimba, omwe imatha kuvunda kuchokera kumadzi. Nyama ikuyenera kuwongoleredwa pansi pa masamba.
Madzi osungunuka kutentha kwa firiji ndi abwino kuthirira, koma kusiyana kwa madigiri asanu mbali imodzi sikowopsa. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira kapena otentha, ndiye kuti mbewuyo itakutidwa ndi masamba achikasu nthawi zonse. Mchere womwe uli m'madzi ndi wovulaza ku mizu ya mbewuyo; kuchuluka kwake kumatha kuwoneka pamakoma a mphikawo ngati mawonekedwe oyera.
Saintpaulia ikhoza kuthiriridwa kudzera mu thireyi, izi ndizomwe wamaluwa wamtendere amachita. Amangothira madzi mmenemo, nkhondoyi imatenga madzi okwanira. Koma mphika uyenera kukhala ndi dzenje lakutsamo.
Violet ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi kamodzi kapena katatu pa sabata. Pafupipafupi kuthirira kumadalira zinthu zambiri. Amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha kwa mpweya, mphamvu yakuwala, nyengo yamaluwa, zinthu zamphika. Mitundu yamaluwa imawonedwa ngati hydrophilic. Kumbukirani kuti miphika yadongo imasanduka chinyontho mwachangu kuposa pulasitiki.
Udindo wofunika kwambiri pakusamalira ma violets umaseweredwa ndi chinyezi cha mpweya kunyumba. Ngati mpweya mchipindacho uli wouma, mtengowo udzafa. Chinyezi chikhoza kuwonjezeredwa mwa kupopera mpweya wofunda pamwamba pa duwa. Komabe, nthawi yamaluwa, madontho amadzi sayenera kugwera pa inflorescence.
Zakudya zam'madzi
Chomera chimafunikira manyowa nthawi zonse. M'chilimwe, njirayi imachitika kamodzi pakadutsa masabata atatu aliwonse, nthawi yozizira iyenera kudyetsedwa nthawi imodzi pamwezi. Musaiwale kuwerenga malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito feteleza m'sitolo.
Violet amapatsidwa mphika wawung'onoM'malo mwake momwe dothi limatha. Kuti mbewu ikule bwino ndikukula, mbewuyo imafunika kudyetsedwa. Saintpaulia akusowa izi:
nayitrogeni- potaziyamu
- phosphorous
- magnesium
- calcium
- sulufule.
nayitrogeniKomabe, pogula, mutha kusankha zovuta zonse za feteleza wa mchere, mutha kuzidyetsa, ndipo mbewuyo, idzasankha zomwe ikufuna.
Ndikwabwino kuphatikiza ndi yofooka yankho, koma nthawi zambiri. Yesetsani kuthirira nthaka yothinitsidwa, popeza mizu imatha kuwonongeka panthaka youma.
Dyetsani mavitamini Pali njira ziwiri:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito kuthirira kungakhale pansi pa masamba a duwa, kuonetsetsa kuti lisagwere masamba.
- Kudzera pa pallet. Izi ndizothandiza kwambiri, makamaka ngati muli ndi dimba lonse la maluwa.
Mukadyetsa maluwa, musamayese. Si bwino "kudyetsa", apo ayi masamba sangatseguke, koma amafota nthawi yomweyo.
Chiwonetserochi chisanachitike, amalimi a maluwa amasamba masamba a Saintpaulia ndi mitsinje yamadzi yofooka komanso yotentha. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti madzi samagwa pama inflorescence, apo ayi maluwa adzafa. Njirayi imatha kubwezeretsa nyanjayo kuti izikhala yatsopano komanso yokongola, koma osatengeka nayo.
Maluwa ataliatali
Kuti nyalugwe ikulire bwino komanso kutuluka panyumba, iyenera kusamalidwa nthawi zonse. Wofesa aliyense ali ndi njira zake, koma malamulo wamba okukula ndi kuyatsa koyenera, koyenera kutentha kwa mpweya pafupifupi madigiri 20, nthaka yathanzi komanso yotayirira yokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino, feteleza wapamwamba.
Gawo loyamba ndikuthandizira kuti nyanjayo imere bwino ndikupanga malo olimba. Ngati mwabzala kumene m'dziko latsopano, musathamangire ndi feteleza. Yembekezerani mwezi ndi theka, chifukwa nthaka idakali ndi michere yambiri. Pambuyo pa nthawi iyi, timagwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi mphamvu ya nayitrogeni. Zimalimbikitsa chitukuko cha masamba.
Muyenera kuchotsa masisitepe a nascent, izi zimawononga mfundo za kukula m'mphepete. Timachotsetsa ngakhale timabatani tating'onoting'ono nthawi imodzi komaliza ndikupanga feteleza ndi phosphorous bwerezani kamodzi m'masabata awiri. Nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kuwonjezera kuwala ndi kukweza maola masana. Zinthu ngati izi zimathandizira kuyikapo miyendo pamiyendo kwambiri, komanso kutsika pamalowo. Kukula kwamphamvu kwa masamba achichepere kumayamba pamwamba kwambiri, ndipo maudzu ake amawonekera chifukwa cha zolakwa zawo.
Zochitika za olima munda zikuwonetsa kuti maluwa ambiri nthawi zambiri amapezeka mumphika wochepa. Zotsatira zosiyanasiyana zimabwera chifukwa cha kuyatsa komanso kutalika kwa maola masana. Mitundu ya senpolia imathandizanso kwambiri.
Zinsinsi Zosamalira Pakhomo
Malangizo pakusunga ma violets:
- Violet sakonda malo okukula, kumazizira pomwe masamba adayamba kutuwa.
- Masamba amakula kwambiri, motero muyenera kumwaza mpweya pamalowo ndi madzi ofunda.
- Kuchepetsa nyengo yamaluwa kumapangitsa chinyezi chambiri mumphika ndi mumlengalenga.
- Ndikofunikira kusinthira feteleza wama mchere omwe ali ndi mavalidwe apamwamba kwambiri a violets.
- Njira yocheperapo pang'ono ya potaziyamu permanganate ingapangitse kukula kwakukulu komanso maluwa ambiri. Chomera chimafunika kuthiriridwa ndi madzi katatu pachaka.
Kukula chomera chopanda maluwa komanso chokwanira, chokwanira kutsatira malamulo okhutira maluwa kunyumba ndipo amathokoza chifukwa chogwira ntchito bwino chifukwa chamaluwa ochulukirapo komanso opitirira.
