Onse olima maluwa a novice komanso okhala pachilimwe akudziwa kuti kaloti ndi wovuta kuphukira. Nthanga zoyambirira pamwamba pa bedi nthawi zambiri sizimapezekapo patatha milungu itatu, ndipo zochulukazo ndizochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mbewu zobzalidwa munthaka.
Inde, kuchuluka kochepa kwambiri m'mafuta ofunikira komanso chipolopolo cholimba kumalepheretsa kuluma kwamtundu woyamba. Ndipo kukhwima kwa mbewu zosagwirizana pa maambulera inflorescence kumakhudza kumera, komwe kaloti sikupitilira 60%.
Chifukwa chake, chifukwa chomwe mbewu yotayikayo imakhala yosazindikira misampha yosavuta, momwe imathandizira kumera kwa mbewu za karoti, komanso kunyalanyaza makonzedwe oyamba obzala. Kupatula apo, ngati mbewu yabwino singagwirizane ndi wokhala m'chilimwe, ndiye kuti kaloti wobzala adzatulutsa mwezi umodzi.
Kusankha mbewu za karoti kuti mubzale
Masiku ano, okhala pachilimwe ali ndi kusankha pakati pa mbewu wamba komanso yokutidwa ndi wokutetezani. Patatha masiku angati karoti wotuluka mbali zonse ziwiri? Monga lamulo, mbewu za granular zimamera bwino, koma nthawi yodikira mbande imatha kuchedwa kwa sabata.
Pakubzala kwa masika, mbewu zotere ndimatetezero ndipo, nthawi yomweyo, zokutira zokhala ndi michere zimawonetsa zotsatira zabwino. Ngati mukufuna kufesa kaloti pambuyo pake, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu wamba, zosankhidwa-koyamba ndikukonzekera kubzala.
Kusamalira kuti kaloti amatumphuka mwachangu, tisaiwale kuti mtundu wa mbewu umachepa ndikusungidwa. Mbewu zabwino kwambiri zam'mera zomwe zatulutsidwa chaka chatha.
Kusamala mukanyowa
Magwero omwe amafotokoza mutu wa "Momwe Mungabzale Kaloti ndi Mbewu" nthawi zambiri amakamba zothamangitsa kumera pambuyo pofulumira kumera pansi pamadzi otentha. Komabe, kusamba kotero kwa kaloti kumagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ngati njira yoyesera kumera.
Mbewu zopepuka zazing'ono zimayamba kuwoneka ndikuchotsedwa msanga. Ngati mumasiya mbewu zonse zikuyenda pansi pa mtsinje, ndiye ndimafuta ofunika omwe amateteza chinyontho kuti asafikire mluza, michere imatsukidwa. Zotsatira zake, mbande zimakhala zofooka mwadala.
Ndibwino kuti musatsuke nthochi m'madzi otentha, koma ndikuwadzaza ndi madzi ofunda kwa masiku awiri ndikusintha kwamadzimadzi mpaka mbewu zitatupa. Ndizowopsa kudikira kuti zikumera zambiri zikuluma, chifukwa sizokayikitsa kuti zingatheke kubzala mbewu zazing'ono popanda kuwononga ziphuphu zosalimba.
Ngati mphukira zidawonekera, ndiye ndibwino kubzala mbewu zotere m'nthaka yabwino kale. Kuti achedwetse kubzala mbande mpaka kubzala, mbewu zimatumizidwa mufiriji, pomwe zimasungidwa ndi kutentha kwa +4 madigiri. Asanabzale, mchenga wouma umawonjezeredwa ndi njere zazing'ono za karoti.
Momwe mungathandizire kumera kwa karoti mbewu popanda akuwuluka
Pali njira zingapo zopangitsa kuti kaloti awuke mwachangu. Izi zimathandizira osati kungathandizire kumera, komanso kuumitsa mbewu zamtsogolo. Ngati mbeu youma mchikwama chathala owazidwa ndi dothi lozizira, losalala, ndiye kuti patatha masiku 10 adzatupa, ndipo kufesa sikudzakhala kovuta. Ndipo kudziwa kuti kaloti amatuluka nthawi yayitali bwanji mutabzala, sikulinso kovuta kudikirira masiku 4-5 musanaphuke.
Zowuluka zitha kugawidwa ngati kunyumba kupangira mbewu kukhala mtundu wa michere. Ndondomeko ziyenera kuchitika masiku 3-5 asanabzalire mbewu, pomwe drazhirovany pogwiritsa ntchito dothi:
- imathandizira kuti kaloti atumphukire msanga;
- imathandizira kufesa;
- Imachepetsa kumwa kwa mbeu m'dera lililonse;
- imathandizira kukonza kubzala, kuphatikizapo kupalira, kupatulira ndi hilling.
Mphukira zotere za kaloti mu chithunzi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wobiriwira wowala, mphamvu komanso kufanana.
Monga zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe chipolopolo chimatenga:
- kulowetsedwa kwa mullein kapena kompositi;
- peat youma pogaya;
- humus.
Mbeu z karoti zouma zimathiridwa mumtsuko wagalasi, momwe zimakhazikika zofanana za peat, humus ndi mullein amadzimadzi. Mtsuko umatsekedwa mwamphamvu ndikugwedezeka mwamphamvu mpaka gawo loyambirira la membrane limazungulira nthanga. Kenako zofunikira zosakanikirana zimawonjezeredwa ndipo njirayi imabwerezedwanso, ndipo zotupa zakulira zimayikidwa papepala kuti ziume.
Kubzala mbewu kumatenga nthawi komanso kudekha, koma njirayi imawonedwa kuti ndiyothandiza kwambiri.
Hydrogel kotero kuti kaloti amatuluka mwachangu
M'malo chinyezi, hydrogel yomwe imawoneka ngati mipira yaying'ono yowoneka bwino kapena makhiristo ikugwiritsanso ntchito masiku ano kukonza mbewu zobzala.
- Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga zinthu zomwe timatenga kuchuluka kwa madzi, ndipo sing'anga yomwe imayamba imakhala yodzadza ndi mpweya chifukwa cha inhomogeneity.
- Asanabzala kaloti ndi njere, zimayikidwa pa hydrogel yonyowa, ndikuiphimba kuchokera kumwamba. Muzochitika zotere, njere zimalandira chilichonse chofunikira potupa, koma osayesa pachiwopsezo cha nkhungu kapena zowola.
- Nthawi zambiri, kuluma kumayamba mu sabata, patatha masiku angapo kuphukira kumapezeka mumtsuko wowonekera.
Ngati titha kuyerekeza kuchuluka kwa kaloti kutuluka mumtundu wachikhalidwe, ndiye kuti phindu kwa yemwe akukhala m'chilimwe limadziwika.
Ntchentche Zowuluka
Kuphatikiza pa madzi akunyowa, ndikofunika kuti muthe kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza. Kuti muthandizire kukhomera mbewu za karoti, ndikokwanira kuwonjezera supuni ya potaziyamu kapena sodium humate pa lita imodzi ya madzi ofunda, Effekton-O, Energen, kapena phulusa lambiri la mitengo.
Mbewu zimayikidwa mumadzi kwa tsiku, kenako zimatsukidwa ndikuzizidwa kuzizira. Pakatha masiku 4, mbewu zouma, zowumitsidwa zakonzeka kufesa.
Mbewu Zochulukitsa
Kuuluka ndikudutsa m'madzi kumatengedwa ngati njira imodzi yothandiza kwambiri kuti imathandizira kumera kwa mbewu za karoti.
Kunyumba, njirayi ndiyosavuta kuchita pogwiritsa ntchito compressor ya aquarium kapena pampu yamagalimoto.
- Kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna, mbewu za karoti zimasungunuka kuyambira maola 18 mpaka 24.
- Madzi a kutentha kwa m'chipinda amathiridwa mu chidebe ndipo amathandizidwa kuti mpweya udutsidwe zigawo zonse.
- Ngati chovala cha mbewu chikuyamba kuphulika kale, njirayo imasokonekera.
- Pamphamvu yayikulu, kufunafuna njira kapena feteleza wamadzimadzi kumawonjezeredwa kumadzi.
- Mbeu zokonzeka zouma m'mlengalenga ndikufesedwa. Nthawi yomweyo, dothi pamabedi sayenera kunyowa kwambiri, mwinanso mbandezo zimatha kuvunda.
Kufunso: "Kodi karoti amatuluka masiku angati atalandira chithandizo chotere?" wamaluwa omwe ayesa njirayi amayankha kuti ndalama zomwe zimasungidwa nthawi ndizosachepera sabata.
Vernalization wa karoti mbewu
Kukonzekera kaloti, monga imodzi mwa mbewu zosagwira chimfine chokhala ndi nthawi yayitali yamera, kuphukira kwa masamba kumagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Ichi ndi njira zingapo zoyenera kupezera kukolola koyambirira ndikuwonjezera kukana kwa mbewu. Zotsatira zake, mbande zimathandizirana mosavuta poyera, zomerazi ndizomwe zimayambira bwino muzu.
Kuphatikizika kwa mbewu za karoti kumaphatikizapo:
- akhathamira madzi osungunuka firiji;
- kukhalabe mpaka milungu iwiri m'chipale chofewa kapena mufiriji pansi pa nsalu yonyowa pokonza, kutentha kwa -1 mpaka +1 digiri.
Njirayi ikamalizidwa, mbewuzo zimatupa ndikuyamba kulima, ngakhale kuti zikumera zokha sizinawonekere. Ngati ndi kotheka, kusinthaku kungasokonezedwe ndipo mbewu za kaloti zomwe zakonzeka kukula zingabzalidwe munthaka yonyowa.
Kuyerekezera maonekedwe a zikumera, filimu kapena zakutchingira m'mundamo zingathandize.
Ngati tilingalira mbande za kaloti, kuchokera pachithunzichi mutha kuzindikira masamba olimba omwe amapanga kuchokera pambewu yokonzeka. Ndipo kuti kaloti apitirize kukula mwachangu, chachikulu ndichakuti dothi silikuuma, komanso kuti kukokoloka kosokoneza ndi zikumera sikungokhala pamwamba pa bedi.
